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Beloved of the Lord;

Remember: This I say-Λέγω (lego)-to say, speak, declare, lay out) then, Walk-περιπατεῖτε (peripateite)-to walk around, walk about, be occupied, (i.e. to conduct oneself) in the spirit, and ye shall not fulfil-τελέσητε (telesete)-to end, (i.e. complete) the lust of the flesh.” -(Galatians 5:16)

  • This I say-Λέγω: Verb, Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular: ["I-AM-sayING"]

  • Walk-περιπατεῖτε: Verb, Present, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person, Plural: ["be-ye-walking!"]

Step 5:

1. Fruits of the Spirit

2. Perfect​

3. Love (pending)

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Fruits
of the Spirit

 

Fruits of The Spirit

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Bibles:

 

Authorized Version 1611 [Punctuation, Capitalization, & Italics]

&

King James Bible 1769 [Spelling]

Concordance / Lexicon:

  • Analytical Concordance to the Bible: Robert Young, 1880.

  • The New Strong's Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible.

  • Thayer's Greek Lexicon.

  • Friberg Analytical Greek Lexicon

  • Gingrich, Greek New Testament Lexicon

  • Danker, Greek New Testament Lexicon

Greek Text:

Stephanus 1550 & Beza's 1598 & Scrivener's 1894 Textus Receptus.

Key:

  •  G#### : Strong's Exhaustive Concordance Number:— used when comparing Greek words that share the same Root Word, but not the same Inflection / Parsing.

  • Brackets w/ Parenthesis [(abc)] : My commentary insert/input.

Commentaries:

  • StudyLight.org: SL (click)

  • BibleHub.com: BH (click)

Greek Interlinear:

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The Fruits

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Scrivener's Textus Receptus 1894
22 δὲ καρπὸς τοῦ Πνεύματός ἐστιν ἀγάπη, χαρά, εἰρήνη, μακροθυμία, χρηστότης, ἀγαθωσύνη, πίστις, 23 πρᾳότης, ἐγκράτεια· κατὰ τῶν τοιούτων οὐκ ἔστι νόμος 24 οἱ δὲ τοῦ Χριστοῦ τὴν σάρκα ἐσταύρωσαν σὺν τοῖς παθήμασι καὶ ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις 25 Εἰ ζῶμεν Πνεύματι, Πνεύματι καὶ στοιχῶμεν.

Galatians 5:22-25    

22 "But-δὲ (de)-but, yet) the-(ho)-the) fruit-καρπὸς (karpos)-literally: fruit, (figuratively: result, outcome, deed)) of the-τοῦ (tou)-of the) spirit-Πνεύματός (Pneumatos)-spirit) is-ἐστιν (estin)-'to be') *love-ἀγάπη (agape)-love, charity, (i.e. affection or benevolence)),*joy-χαρά (chara)-joy, gladness), peace-εἰρήνη (eirene)-peace, unity, concord, (by implication: prosperity)), *longsuffering-μακροθυμία (makrothumia)-longanimity, (i.e. (objectively) forbearance or (subjectively) fortitude:—longsuffering, patience)), *gentleness-χρηστότης (chrestotes)-kindness, usefulness, benignity), goodness-ἀγαθωσύνη (agathosune)-goodness, (i.e. virtue or beneficence:—goodness)), faith-πίστις (pistis)-faith, faithfulness, steadfastness), 23 Meekness-πρᾳότης (praotes)-meekness, mildness, gentleness (by implication: humility)), *temperance-ἐγκράτεια (egkrateia)-self restrain, continence): against-κατὰ (kata)-against) such-τοιούτων (toiouton)-such as this, (i.e. one who is of such a character, such a one)) there is-ἔστι (esti)-'to be') no-οὐκ (ouk)-no, not (the absolute negative)) law-νόμος (nomos)-a law, ordinance, (by implication: of Moses:—Law)). 24 And-δὲ (de)-yet, but, moreover, and) they-οἱ (hoi)-the (ones)) that are-τοῦ (tou)-of the) Christ's-Χριστοῦ (Christou)-"anointed", (i.e. the Messiah, an epithet of Jesus:—Christ)), have crucified-ἐσταύρωσαν (estauposan)-to crucify, (metaphorically: of a believer's renouncing his old sinful way of living to be united to his Lord)) the-τὴν (ten)-the) flesh-σάρκα (sarka)-flesh, (by implication) human nature (with its frailties (physically or morally) and passions)) with-σὺν (oun)-with, etc.:—beside, with) the-τοῖς (tois)-with the) //affections-παθήμασιν (pathemasin)-feeling, passion, (something undergone, i.e. hardship or pain; (subjectively) an emotion or influence:—affection, affliction, motion, suffering)) (Or, passions) and-καὶ (kai)-and, also) *lusts-ἐπιθυμίαις (epithumias)-desire, over desire, (a longing (especially for what is forbidden):—concupiscence, desire, lust (after)). 25 If-Εἰ (Ei)-if) *we live-ζῶμεν (somen)-to live, have life) in the Spirit-Πνεύματι (Pneumati)-spirit, (i.e. Holy Spirit)), *let us also-καὶ (kai)-even, also) walk-στοιχῶμεν (stoichomen)-to walk, proceed or step in order, (i.e. walk (orderly)) in the Spirit-Πνεύματι (pneumati)-spirit, (i.e. the Holy Spirit)."

 

Example of Greek word:

Greek Interlinear:

  • is-ἐστιν: Verb, Present, (No voice stated), Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular: But the fruit of the spirit ["IS"] love, joy, peace, longsuffering, gentleness, goodness, faith, Meekness, temperance: against such

  • there is-ἔστι: Verb, Present, (No voice stated), Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular: ["IS"//"there-is"] no law. And they that are Christ's,

  • have crucified-ἐσταύρωσαν: Verb, Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural: ["crucify"] the flesh with the affections and lusts.

  • If-εἰ: CONDitional: ["IF"]

  • we live-ζῶμεν: Verb, Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Plural: ["WE-MAY-BE-LIVING"] in the Spirit,

  • let us walk-στοιχῶμεν: Verb, Present, Active, Subjunctive, 1st Person, Plural: ["WE-MAY-BE-elementING"//"WE-MAY-BE-walkING"] also in the Spirit.

Punctuation Comparison:

1611 AV

22 But the fruit of the spirit is loue, ioy, peace, long suffering, gentlenesse, goodnesse, faith, 23 Meekenesse, temperance: against such there is no law. 24 And they that are Christs, haue crucified the flesh with the affections and lustes. 25 If we liue in the Spirit, let vs also walke in the Spirit.

 

1769 KJV

22 But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, longsuffering, gentleness, goodness, faith, 23 Meekness, temperance: against such there is no law. 24 And they that are Christ's have crucified the flesh with the affections and lusts. 25 If we live in the Spirit, let us also walk in the Spirit. 

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Commentaries:

But-δὲ (de)-but, yet) the-(ho)-the) fruit-καρπὸς (karpos)-literally: fruit, (figuratively: result, outcome, deed)) of the-τοῦ (tou)-of the) spirit-Πνεύματός (Pneumatos)-spirit) is-ἐστιν (estin)-'to be')

    But the Spirit produces.- Christians are the temple of the Holy Spirit (1 Corinthians 6:19, /20). The real evidence of the Spirit living in them, is not speaking in tongues and miraculous powers! The real evidence is these things which Paul now mentions. These are what the Holy Spirit produces as fruits in the branches of the true vine (John 15:1-10).-(The Bible Study New Testament). SL

    The obvious and undeniable teaching of the New Testament is that the Spirit is in Christians and that Christians are in the Spirit. In addition to the above, it should also be observed that Christians are commanded to "have this mind in you, which was also in Christ Jesus" (Philippians 2:5), Paul declaring that he himself had "the mind of Christ" (1 Corinthians 2:16). Also, it is a commandment to the church of all ages that they shall "let the word of Christ dwell in you richly" (Colossians 3:16). Thus the mind of Christ dwells in Christians, and the word of Christ dwells in Christians.-(Coffman Commentaries). SL

   But the fruits of the Spirit.- The fruits named are not our fruits, but of the Spirit in us. If we bear these fruits we show that we have the Spirit. There are four groups: (1) Love, the Christian grace which works out the whole law. (2) Joy and peace, which are the normal state of the Christian. (3) The graces which relate to others, long-suffering, gentleness, goodness, fidelity (faith), meekness. (4) The last fruit looks to oneself, temperance, or self-control. It implies not only abstinence from injurious drinks and food, but control of the temper, the tongue, the desires, the passion for money or power.-(People's New Testament). SL

    The fruit of the Spirit.—The singular fruit, as compared with the plural works, suggests that the effect of the Spirit’s inworking is one harmonious whole, while carnality tends to multitudinousness, distraction, chaos. We are not to look for a rigorous logical classification in either catalogue. Generally, the fruit of the Spirit may be arranged as: I. Inward graces—“love, joy, peace.” II. Graces towards man—“longsuffering, gentleness, goodness, faith.” III. A more generic form of inward graces—“meekness, temperance.”-(Preacher's Complete Homiletical). SL

    But the fruit of the Spirit — Both flesh-the sinful dispositions of the human heart and spirit-the changed or purified state of the soul, by the grace and Spirit of God, are represented by the apostle as trees, one yielding good the other bad fruit; the productions of each being according to the nature of the tree, as the tree is according to the nature of the seed from which it sprung. The bad seed produced a bad tree, yielding all manner of bad fruit; the good seed produced a good tree, bringing forth fruits of the most excellent kind. The tree of the flesh, with all its bad fruits, we have already seen; the tree of the Spirit, with its good fruits, we shall now see.-(Adam Clarke Commentary). SL

    In Galatians 5:19 we read about the “works [plural] of the flesh”. In Galatians 5:22 Paul mentions the “fruit [singular] of the Spirit”. If you think of the works of the flesh, you see those works more as a result of what a man does. As to the fruit of the Spirit, you rather think of an inner attitude. It is a fruit, not of ourselves, as is the case with the works of the flesh, but of the Spirit. You could compare it to a factory and a garden. In a factory, people are working hard to realize a certain production. In a garden grows what is sown in it, without any work of man (except probably weeding). The fruit of the Spirit is not the same as the gifts of the Spirit. Anyone who has received the Holy Spirit has also received certain spiritual gifts. Every believer has different gifts. With the fruit of the Spirit this difference is absent. It is a fruit which has to be present in every believer. As mentioned, the word ‘fruit’ is in the singular. It is one fruit, but it is composed of nine parts. You can think of a diamond which is one stone, but with a difference in brightness, depending on how the light shines on it. You can also think of a flower with nine petals. If you remove a petal, the flower loses its beauty. Similarly, the nine parts of the fruit of the Spirit are not available separately. The Holy Spirit wants every part of the fruit to be fully exposed in unity with the whole.-(Kingcomments). SL

    The Spirit also produces His own blessed fruit in the life of the believer. The first three parts: Love, joy and peace. These give the blessed consciousness the believer has in his heart of his relationship to God, which consciousness comes through the Spirit. The other six parts: “long-suffering, kindness, goodness, fidelity, meekness, self-control,” witness in the believer’s walk to the fact that the love, the joy and peace of God are realities in the soul. The believer who walks according to the Spirit manifests in his walk the fruit of the indwelling Spirit and against such there is no law. And they that are Christ’s have crucified the flesh and its lusts. They have accepted the sentence of the cross which has put the old man with its lusts into the place of death. God declares us as dead with Christ and looks upon us thus (Colossians 3:3). And this great truth must be lived. The believer lives in the Spirit and is called upon to walk in the Spirit so that the righteousness of the law may be fulfilled in him. “Let us not be desirous of vain-glory (the law fosters such a spirit, but grace humbles), provoking one another, envying one another”--which is the sad effect of vain-glory, provocation and envy.-(Arno Gaebelein). SL

  

love-ἀγάπη (agape)-love, charity, (i.e. affection or benevolence)),

    The list which follows brings out in a striking manner the peculiar finish and perfection which belongs to the Christian morality. It will be seen at a glance how it differs from any form of pagan or philosophic ethics. At the head of the list is “love,” which Christianity takes as its moving principle—not being, perhaps, alone in this, but alone in the systematic consistency with which it is carried out. Next comes “joy,” a peculiarly Christian grace, which has a much deeper root than mere natural cheerfulness of temper, and is rather the unfailing brightness and equanimity which proceeds from calm and settled principles animated by the Divine Spirit itself. It may be questioned whether “peace” is here the tranquility which is shed abroad in the heart by the sense of reconciliation with God, or rather, from the context that follows, peaceableness towards men. The remainder of the list, it will be seen, is made up of those delicate and fragile forms of virtue which the ordinary course of society is least likely to foster. Patriotism, courage, generosity, prudence, fortitude, are virtues that would be produced by the regular action of natural selection left to itself. “Long-suffering,” “gentleness,” “goodness,” “faith,” “meekness,” “temperance,” need a more spiritual process for their development.-(Ellicott's Commentary). SL

 

    Love — αγαπη. An intense desire to please God, and to do good to mankind; the very soul and spirit of all true religion; the fulfilling of the law, and what gives energy to faith itself. See Galatians 5:6.-(Adam Clarke Commentary). SL

    is love — To God, his people, and all mankind, the source of all the other fruits; joy — Arising from a sense of the remission of sins, of the favour of God, of adoption into his family, and being constituted his children and his heirs; from a lively hope of the heavenly inheritance, the testimony of a conscience void of offence toward God and man, (2 Corinthians 1:12,) communion with God, and an earnest of heaven in our hearts.-(Benson Commentary).

    1. The first part that is mentioned is “love”. That is understandable. It is the nature of God. God is love (1 John 4:81 John 4:16) and His love “has been poured out in our hearts by the Holy Spirit who was given to us” (Romans 5:5). 2. The second part is “joy”. This is the joy which the Holy Spirit works in us as we think of God and what He has done for us in His Son, despite the difficult circumstances in which we can sometimes be. It is the joy “in the Lord” (Philippians 3:1) and that is our strength (Nehemiah 8:10).-(Kingcomments). SL

  

peace-εἰρήνη (eirene)-peace, unity, concord, (by implication: prosperity),:

    Peace — ειρηνη. The calm, quiet, and order, which take place in the justified soul, instead of the doubts, fears, alarms, and dreadful forebodings, which every true penitent less or more feels, and must feel till the assurance of pardon brings peace and satisfaction to the mind. Peace is the first sensible fruit of the pardon of sin. See Romans 5:1, and the notes there.-(Adam Clarke Commentary). SL

    3.Peace”, the third characteristic of the fruit, is the inner calmness and peace which is in God. It is the peace of God which, through the Holy Spirit, is worked in us if we are led by Him. Again, this peace will be ours, regardless of the difficult circumstances in which we can sometimes be.
Of these three: love, joy and peace, the Lord Jesus speaks of in John 14 and 15: “My love”, “My joy”, “My peace” (
John 14:27John 15:10). Between Him and the Spirit is a perfect agreement. 4. How important “patience” (the fourth feature) is. How your patience is tested sometimes if you are in a difficult or hopeless situation or if you have to deal with difficult people.
5. A subsequent feature (the fifth) is “kindness”. In Titus 3, this feature is used for God (
Titus 3:4). It shows His friendly mind and benevolent attitude to sinners. Are His mind and attitude, seen in your life? They surely are, if you are led by the Spirit.
6.Goodness” (the sixth characteristic) shows that you are generously and compassionately looking for what is good for others. In Ephesians 5, goodness is connected with the fruit of the light (
Ephesians 5:9).-(Kingcomments). SL

faith-πίστις (pistis)-faith, faithfulness, steadfastness),:

    Faithfulness ... includes not merely the inward qualities of "keeping on believing in Christ," but it also means remaining loyal and faithful to the church. Goodness and kindness are likewise determined by actions involving others outside the person of the believer. Significant especially in this list are the things left out of it. The apostle Paul did not list tongue-speaking, charismatic experiences, visions, premonitions, and things like that as being connected in any manner with the "fruit of the Spirit." Strangely enough, some who believe that those omitted things are the fruit of the Spirit very frequently stop being faithful to the church.-(Coffman Commentaries). SL

    Faith - On the meaning of the word faith, see the note at Mark 16:16. The word here may be used in the sense of fidelity, and may denote that the Christian will be a faithful man, a man faithful to his word and promises; a man who can be trusted or confided in. It is probable that the word is used in this sense because the object of the apostle is not to speak of the feelings which we have toward God so much as to illustrate the influences of the Spirit in directing and controlling our feelings toward people. True religion makes a man faithful. The Christian is faithful as a man; faithful as a neighbor, friend, father, husband, son. He is faithful to his contracts; faithful to his promises. No man can be a Christian who is not thus faithful, and all pretensions to being under the influences of the Spirit when such fidelity does not exist, are deceitful and vain.-(Barnes' Notes).

    7. You show “faithfulness” (the seventh feature) if people can trust you, if you are trustworthy.
8.Gentleness” (the eighth feature) means that you are willing to take a humble position. It is not a spineless weakness, but an attitude you consciously take and for which you need much spiritual strength.
9. The list ends with the ninth characteristic: “self-control”. The Holy Spirit leads you to a disciplined life, in which you don’t yield to the impulses of passions and desires. He gives you the ability to control yourself.

against-κατὰ (kata)-against) such-τοιούτων (toiouton)-such as this, (i.e. one who is of such a character, such a one)) there is-ἔστι (esti)-'to be') no-οὐκ (ouk)-no, not (the absolute negative)) law-νόμος (nomos)-a law, ordinance, (by implication: of Moses:—Law)).:

    "Christian character is not mere moral or legal correctness, but the possession and manifestation of the graces of Galatians 5:22-23. Taken together they present a moral portrait of Christ, and may be understood as the apostle’s explanation of Galatians 2:20." [Note: The New Scofield Reference Bible, p. 1270.]. There are laws against the deeds of the flesh because they are destructive, but there are none against the fruit of the Spirit because it is edifying (cf. Romans 8:1). This fruit involves both character and conduct. ". . . the law is not against those who walk by the Spirit because in principle they are fulfilling the law (Galatians 5:14)." [Note: Ridderbos, p. 208.]. "Law exists for the purpose of restraint, but in the works of the Spirit there is nothing to restrain . . ." [Note: Lightfoot, p. 213.]-(Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas). SL

    Against such (saith the apostle) there is no law; no law to accuse or to condemn them; for these are things which the law commandeth to be done, and are acts of obedience to the law. So as those who do these things are led by the Spirit, and are not under the condemning power or curse of the law.-(Matthew Poole). BH

    The Law finds nothing to condemn in these things, and therefore no ground for condemning those who live in the practice of them; the same idea as is more explicitly brought out in Romans 8:1-4."-(Pulpit Commentary). BH  

    Violates no law.—“Against such there is no law” (Galatians 5:23; comp. Galatians 5:18). The fruit of the Spirit is love; and the law, so far from being against love, commands it (Galatians 5:14). The practice of love and all its works is the fulfilling of the law and disarms it of all terror. The expression, “Against such there is no law,” so far from being more than superfluous, as Hofmann asserts, is intended to make evident how it is that, by virtue of this, their moral frame, those who are led by the Spirit are not subject to the Mosaic law. For whosoever is so constituted that a law is not against him, over such a one the law has no power.-(Preacher's Complete Homiletical). SL

  

    Against such things: in contrast to (Galatians 5:21) those who practise such things, of whom the Law declares that they will not inherit the Kingdom of God. Now, since the Spirit produces as His fruit dispositions which the Law does not condemn, they who (Galatians 5:18) are led by the Spirit are not under law. The law is no longer a burden under which they groan. Just so, upright citizens think nothing of the criminal law; whereas to those who break or wish to break it, the same law is a terrible reality. Thus Paul completes the argument of Galatians 5:18 in support of Galatians 5:16. This deliverance from the Law by fulfilment of it (Galatians 5:14) was a purpose of the mission of the Son of God: Romans 8:4. The unexpected reference to the Law in Galatians 5:14; Galatians 5:18; Galatians 5:23 reveals its large place in the thought of Paul.-(Joseph Beet's Commentary). SL

    Against such there is no law - That is, there is no law to condemn such persons. These are not the things which the Law denounces. These, therefore, are the true freemen; free from the condemning sentence of the Law, and free in the service of God. Law condemns sin; and they who evince the spirit here referred to are free from its denunciations.-(Barnes' Notes). BH

    Against such there is no law; meaning, against such fruits, graces, and good things; these being perfectly agreeable to the law of God, which is holy, just, and good, and spiritual; and are so far from being forbidden by it, that they are highly esteemed and approved of by it: or against persons that are possessed of such fruits; for these appear to be in the spirit, and to be led by the Spirit; and therefore are not under the law, and have nothing to fear from it, as a terrifying, accusing, cursing, and condemning law. The works of the flesh, and they that are of the flesh [(i.e. carnal minded)], are such that come under the notice and lash of the law; and not the fruits of the Spirit, and they that are after the Spirit, as such are who partake of his fruit.-(Gill's Exposition). BH

And-δὲ (de)-yet, but, moreover, and) they-οἱ (hoi)-the (ones)) that are-τοῦ (tou)-of the) Christ's-Χριστοῦ (Christou)-"anointed", (i.e. the Messiah, an epithet of Jesus:—Christ)), have crucified-ἐσταύρωσαν (estauposan)-to crucify, (metaphorically: of a believer's renouncing his old sinful way of living to be united to his Lord)) the-τὴν (ten)-the) flesh-σάρκα (sarka)-flesh, (by implication) human nature (with its frailties (physically or morally) and passions)) with-σὺν (oun)-with, etc.:—beside, with) the-τοῖς (tois)-with the) //affections-παθήμασιν (pathemasin)-feeling, passion, (something undergone, i.e. hardship or pain; (subjectively) an emotion or influence:—affection, affliction, motion, suffering)) (Or, passions) and-καὶ (kai)-and, also) lusts-ἐπιθυμίαις (epithumias)-desire, over desire, (a longing (especially for what is forbidden):—concupiscence, desire, lust (after)).:

     And they that are Christ's — All genuine Christians have crucified the flesh-are so far from obeying its dictates and acting under its influence, that they have crucified their sensual appetites; they have nailed them to the cross of Christ, where they have expired with him; hence, says St. Paul, Romans 6:6, our old man-the flesh, with its affections and lusts, is crucified with him, that the body of sin might be destroyed, that henceforth we should not serve sin. By which we see that God has fully designed to save all who believe in Christ from all sin, whether outward or inward, with all the affections, παθημασι, irregular passions, and lusts, επιθυμιαις, disorderly wishes and desires. All that a man may feel contrary to love and purity; and all that he may desire contrary to moderation and that self-denial peculiar to the Christian character.-(Adam Clarke Commentary). SL

    they have crucified it [(the flesh)], namely, when they became believers and received baptism, whereby they entered into moral fellowship with the death of Jesus (see on Galatians 2:19, Galatians 6:14; Romans 6:3; Romans 7:4) by becoming νεκροὶ τῇ ἁμαρτίᾳ [(dead to sin)] (Romans 6:11). The symbolical idea: “to have crucified the flesh,” expresses, therefore, the having renounced all fellowship of life with sin, the seat of which is the flesh (σάρξ); so that, just as Christ has been objectively crucified, by means of entering into the fellowship of this death on the cross the Christian has subjectively—in the moral consciousness of faith—crucified the σάρξ [(flesh)], that is, has rendered it entirely void of life and efficacy, by means of faith as the new element of life to which he has been transferred. To the Christians ideally viewed, as here, this ethical crucifixion of the flesh is something which has taken place (comp. Romans 6:2 ff.), but in reality it is also something now taking place and continuous (Romans 8:13; Colossians 3:5).-(Meyer's NT Commentary). BH

    They that are Christ's— These are the same with those who are led by the Spirit, Gal 5:18 and are opposed to those who live after the flesh; Romans 8:13, where it is said, conformably to what we find here, they through the Spirit mortify the deeds of the body. That principle in us, whence spring vicious inclinations and actions, is sometimes called the flesh, sometimes the old man: the subduing and mortifying of this evil principle, so that the force and power wherewith it used to rule in us is extinguished, the Apostle, by a very engaging accommodation to the death of our Saviour, calls crucifying the flesh; and in Romans 6:6 crucifying the old man. It is likewise called mortifying the members which are on the earthColossians 3:5. See also Colossians 2:11.-(Thomas Coke Commentary). SL

    Continuing to walk in the Spirit, centering and continuing the thoughts and meditations of the heart upon the teachings of the Lord, actively seeking to maintain identity with the mind of Christ, consciousness of the indwelling Father, Son, and Holy Spirit - these things will indeed "crucify" the lusts and evil imaginations which feed them. This is possible only in the spiritual religion of Christ Jesus, free from the externals and attractive allurements of spectacular Judaism, the same being the blessed "freedom in Christ."-(Coffman Commentaries). SL

    And they that are Christ’s — Who are true believers in him, and therefore possessed of union with him, and shall be finally owned as belonging to him; have crucified the flesh — Have doomed it to a certain death, like the body of one that is nailed to a cross, and left to expire upon it; with the affections and lusts — All its evil passions, appetites, and inclinations. The word affections, or passions, as παθηματα should rather be rendered, as distinguished from the lusts of the flesh, are pride, self-will, discontent, anger, malice, envy, revenge. “This is a beautiful and affecting allusion to our Lord’s sufferings on the cross. The restraining of our fleshly lusts may be very painful to us, as the word crucify implies. But the same word, by putting us in mind of Christ’s suffering much greater pain for us, touches all the generous feelings of the heart, and excites us, from gratitude to him, to disregard the pain which so necessary a duty may occasion to us.”-(Benson Commentary). BH

If-Εἰ (Ei)-if) we live-ζῶμεν (somen)-to live, have life) in the Spirit-Πνεύματι (Pneumati)-spirit, (i.e. Holy Spirit)), let us also-καὶ (kai)-even, also) walk-στοιχῶμεν (stoichomen)-to walk, proceed or step in order, (i.e. walk (orderly)) in the Spirit-Πνεύματι (pneumati)-spirit, (i.e. the Holy Spirit).:

        If we live in the Spirit - See the note at Galatians 5:16. The sense of this verse probably is, "We who are Christians profess to be under the influences of the Holy Spirit. By his influences and agency is our spiritual life. We profess not to be under the dominion of the flesh; not to be controlled by its appetites and desires. Let us then act in this manner, and as if we believed this. Let us yield ourselves to his influences, and show that we are controlled by that Spirit." It is an earnest exhortation to Christians to yield wholly to the agency of the Holy Spirit on their hearts, and to submit to his guidance; see Romans 8:5, note9, note.-(Barnes' Notes). BH

    If we live by the Spirit: an assumed fact: for He is in us the breath of immortal life. Therefore, Paul says, we should allow Him to direct our steps. For, in proportion as we yield to His influence, will the life He imparts be rich. Similar thought in Romans 8:2 : for the law of the Spirit is the Holy Spirit guiding our action; and since He has made us free from the law of sin and of death, He is to us the Spirit of life. Walk: different from the word in Galatians 5:16, but found in Galatians 6:16Romans 4:12Philippians 3:16Acts 21:24; all very instructive parallels. It calls attention to the path in which we walk.-(Joseph Beet's Commentary). SL

    If we live in the Spirit, &c.— Living in the Spirit expresses, in terms nearly resembling these in Act 17:28 -[("For in him we live, and move, and have our being...")]our continual dependence on its influences; and also illustrates the significancy of the word στοιχωμεν, in the latter part of the verse. Let us walk in the Spirit,—"in a regular and orderly manner, viewing God with the eye of faith; taking every step according to rule, and under the holy influence of the Spirit of God; regulating our whole life and actions by his light and dictate.-(Thomas Coke Commentary). SL

    By describing the works of the flesh and fruits of the Spirit, we are told what to avoid and oppose, and what we are to cherish and cultivate; and this is the sincere care and endeavour of all real Christians. Sin does not now reign in their mortal bodies, so that they obey it, Romans 6:12, for they seek to destroy it. Christ never will own those who yield themselves up to be the servants of sin. And it is not enough that we cease to do evil, but we must learn to do well. Our conversation will always be answerable to the principle which guides and governs us, Romans 8:5. We must set ourselves in earnest to mortify the deeds of the body, and to walk in newness of life. Not being desirous of vain-glory, or unduly wishing for the esteem and applause of men, not provoking or envying one another, but seeking to bring forth more abundantly those good fruits, which are, through Jesus Christ, to the praise and glory of God.​-(Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary). BH

    Therefore "we live in the Spirit" (v.25). This is true of every child of God. Since this is so, then let our walk be consistent with it, seeking no other motivating power except that which is of God. To desire personal and worldly honor is just the reverse of this, for such motives really put God out of sight. Self is then puffed up, a most obnoxious attitude for a Christian, and productive of every evil -- rivalry, controversy, envy -- in our associations with one another. "Let us not be" (v.26) is a negative to be taken seriously.-(L.M. Grant's Commentary). SL

    “If we live in the Spirit, let us also walk in the Spirit.”- If we have this new life, if linked up now with our risen Christ, then let Him control our ways, let us be yielded to Him, let us walk in the Spirit, let us not be desirous of fame or glory, let us not seek anything that would lead to empty boasting, provoking one another, saying and doing things that may pain others needlessly, or envying one another. Some of you may say, “That is a tremendously high standard, and I am afraid I can never attain to it.” No, and I can never attain to it in my own strength, but if you and I are yielded to the Holy Spirit of God and allow Him to make these things real in our lives, then we will indeed attain to the ideal set before us here, but it will not be ourselves, it will be Christ living in us manifesting His life, His holy life, in and through the members of our body. God give us to know the reality of it!-(Ironside's Notes). SL

Scrivener's Textus Receptus 1894
16 ὅπου γὰρ ζῆλος καὶ ἐριθεία, ἐκεῖ ἀκαταστασία καὶ πᾶν φαῦλον πρᾶγμα17 ἡ δὲ ἄνωθεν σοφία πρῶτον μὲν ἁγνή ἐστιν, ἔπειτα εἰρηνική, ἐπιεικής, εὐπειθής, μεστὴ ἐλέους καὶ καρπῶν ἀγαθῶν, ἀδιάκριτος καὶ ἀνυπόκριτος. 18 καρπὸς δὲ τῆς δικαιοσύνης ἐν εἰρήνῃ σπείρεται τοῖς ποιοῦσιν εἰρήνην.

James 3:16-18

16 For-γὰρ (gar)-for, verily, therefore) where *envying-ζῆλος (zelos)-envy, jealousy, (properly: heat, i.e. (figuratively) "zeal" in an unfavorable sense:—jealousy)) and *strife-ἐριθεία (eritheia)-contention, strife, quarrel) is, there is //*confusion-ἀκαταστασία (akatastasia)-instability, (i.e. disorder:—commotion, confusion, tumult)) (Gr. tumult or unquietness), and every evil-φαῦλον (phaulon)-worthless, bad, foul) work-πρᾶγμα (pragma)-any thing done, affair, (a deed; by implication: an affair). 17 But the *wisdom-σοφία (sophia)-wisdom) that is from above-ἄνωθεν (anothen)-from above, from a higher place, (i.e. from heaven)), is-ἐστιν (estin)-'to be') first *pure-μὲν ἁγνή (men hagne)-indeed chaste, pure, (pure from every fault, immaculate, properly: clean)), then *peaceable-εἰρηνική (eirenike)-peaceable, peaceful), *gentle-ἐπιεικής (epieikes)-yielding, pliant, (equitable, fair, mild, gentle)), and easy to be intreated-εὐπειθής (eupeithes)-easily persuaded, good for persuasion, (i.e. (intransitively) compliant:—easy to be intreated)), full-μεστὴ (meste)-replete, full) of mercy-ἐλέους (eleous)-kindness, beneficence, compassion), and good-ἀγαθῶν (agathon)-a primary word; "good" (in any sense, often as noun):—benefit, good(-s, things), well)) *fruits-καρπῶν (karpon)-fruit, (i.e. benefit)), //without partiality-ἀδιάκριτος (adiakritos)-not judging diversely, impartial, without variance, (i.e. free from prejudice)) (Or, without wrangling), and *without hypocrisy-ἀνυπόκριτος (anupokritos)-without hypocrisy or dissimulation, (i.e. unfeigned, undisguised, sincere)). 18 And the fruit-καρπὸς (karpos)-fruit, (figuratively: work, act, deed, result, outcome)) of-τῆς (tes)-of the) righteousness-δικαιοσύνης (dikaiosunes)-rightness, justice, (i.e. equity (of character or act)) *is sown-σπείρεται (speiretai)-to sow) in *peace-εἰρήνῃ (eirnen)-peace, unity, concord, (by implication: prosperity)), of them that make-ποιοῦσιν (poiousin)-to do, make) peace.” 

Example of Greek word:

  • *ζῆλος (zelos)-envying click: 1 Corinthians 3:3

  • *G2050: (ἐριθεία-strife) click: Romans 2:8 (ἐριθείας-contentious) 

  • *G181: (ἀκαταστασία-confusion) click: 1 Cor 14:33 (ἀκαταστασίας-of confusion)

  • *σοφία (sophia)-wisdom click: 1 Corinthians 3:19

  • *G53: (ἁγνή-pure) click: Philippians 4:8 (ἁγνά-are pure)

  • *G1516: (εἰρηνική-peaceable) click: Hebrews 12:11 (εἰρηνικὸν-the peaceable)

  • *G1933: (ἐπιεικής-gentle) click: 1 Timothy 3:3 (ἐπιεικῆ-patient)

  • ​*καρπῶν (karpon)-fruits click: Philippians 1:11

  • *ἀνυπόκριτος (anupokritos)-without hypocrisy click: Rom12:9 (be without dissimulation)

  • *σπείρεται (speiretai)-is sown click: Mark 4:15

  • ​*εἰρήνῃ (eirnen)-peace click: 2 Peter 3:14

 

Greek Interlinear:

  • is-ἐστιν: Verb, Present, (No voice stated), Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular: For where envying and strife is, there is confusion, and every evil work. But the wisdom that is from above, ["IS"] first pure, then peaceable, gentle, and easy to be intreated, full of mercy, and good fruits, without partiality, and without hypocrisy. And the fruit of righteousness

  • is sown-σπείρεται: Verb, Present, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular: ["IS-beING-SOWN"] in peace,

  • of them that make-ποιοῦσιν: Verb, Present, Active, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine: ["ones-makING"]​ peace.

Punctuation Comparison:

1611 AV

16 For where enuying and strife is, there is confusion, and euery euill worke. 17 But the wisedome that is from aboue, is first pure, then peaceable, gentle, and easie to be intreated, full of mercy, and good fruits, without partialitie, and without hypocrisie. 18 And the fruit of righteousnesse is sowen in peace, of them that make peace.

 

1769 KJV

16 For where envying and strife is, there is confusion and every evil work. 17 But the wisdom that is from above is first pure, then peaceable, gentle, and easy to be intreated, full of mercy and good fruits, without partiality, and without hypocrisy. 18 And the fruit of righteousness is sown in peace of them that make peace.

 

 

Commentaries:

***These verses show the difference between men's pretending to be wise, and their being really so. He who thinks well, or he who talks well, is not wise in the sense of the Scripture, if he does not live and act well. True wisdom may be know by the meekness of the spirit and temper. Those who live in malice, envy, and contention, live in confusion; and are liable to be provoked and hurried to any evil work. Such wisdom comes not down from above, but springs up from earthly principles, acts on earthly motives, and is intent on serving earthly purposes. Those who are lifted up with such wisdom, described by the apostle James, is near to the Christian love, described by the apostle Paul; and both are so described that every man may fully prove the reality of his attainments in them. It has no disguise or deceit. It cannot fall in with those managements the world counts wise, which are crafty and guileful; but it is sincere, and open, and steady, and uniform, and consistent with itself. May the purity, peace, gentleness, teachableness, and mercy shown in all our actions, and the fruits of righteousness abounding in our lives, prove that God has bestowed upon us this excellent gift.-(Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary) BH

***"But the wisdom from above" -Such wisdom cannot be found outside of a relationship with God. People try to be all the following things without God, but all such attempts will end in failure ( Jer_10:23 ). "is" -God doesn't beat around the bush. This is what it is, this is what such wisdom looks like in daily life. This is the wisdom that God gives to those who faithfully serve and ask Him ( Jam_1:5 ; Jam_1:17 ). A healthy respect for God is the first step in acquiring this wisdom ( Pro_9:10 ; Pro_15:33 ; Psa_111:10 ). "first pure" -"first"-first in rank and time, "first essentially" (Vincent p. 754). Purity of heart, sincerity, a good and honest heart is a foundation stone for this wisdom ( Luk_8:15 ). The insincere, the doubters and the manipulators can't gain this wisdom, until they change their motives. "Pure"-Barclay says that the word pure in Greek meant, "pure enough to approach the gods"---"The true wisdom is the wisdom which is so cleansed of all ulterior motives, so cleansed of self….The true wisdom is able to bear the very scrutiny of God" (p. 111). This wisdom doesn't argue that the end justifies the means or "whatever it takes to get the job done". This wisdom is concerned with motives, with integrity and honesty. This is the person who wants God to inspect every aspect of their lives ( Joh_3:21 ; Psa_139:23, /24 "Search me, O God, and know my heart; try me and know my anxious thoughts; and see if there be any hurtful way in me"; 2Co_7:1 .-(Mark Dunagan). SL

***The so-called wisdom of verse James 3:14 is not from God, but from the devil, or demons under his control ( 1Ti_4:1 ). It originates on earth instead of in heaven (see Joh_8:23 ; Php_3:18, /19 ; Col_3:1-10 ; 1Jn_2:15-17 ). It comes from an attempt to fulfill physical desires without retaining control over one's body ( Jud_1:17, /18, /19 ). Obviously, a wisdom which causes envy and strife would not be from God since it produces disorder and worthless works ( Jam_3:15, /16 ; 1Co_14:33 ).-(Gary Hampton Commentary). SL

***"the seed whose fruit is righteousness" -the seed that produces righteousness. The fruit which consists of righteousness includes the wonderful qualities mentioned in the previous verse. "Righteousness" is integrity, virtue, purity of life, uprightness, the condition of being in a right relationship with God. Definite fruit or fruits are seen in the life of someone who is truly righteous ( Php_1:11 ; Heb_12:11 ). "the seed" -We have access to this seed! The seed which can produce righteousness in the lives of individuals is the Word of God ( 2Ti_3:16, /17 ). Therefore, righteous fruit can arise out of any family or congregation, when people in that relationship take the Word of God to heart. "is sown" -This seed must be sown! The qualities in 3:17 don't just happen or naturally arise. Such wonderful traits must be taught and nurtured. "in peace" -Teaching or preaching the truth from impure motives won't bring about righteousness in your life. "betokening the spirit and mode in which the sowing takes place, as opposed to 'where envy and rivalry are'" (Alford p. 1614). Too many professed Christians try to cultivate righteousness, while at the same time of insisting upon remaining selfish in their motivation. Too often people follow the Bible from the motive of looking for an instant reward. "by those who make peace" -"by peacemakers" (Gspd); "by those who work for peace" (TCNT).-(Mark Dunagan). SL

***In verses James 3:14, /15, /16 James designates the kind of wisdom that does not come from above (or heaven); the present verse describes the kind that does come from the higher source. First pure signifies that it is of the most importance for a man's information to be pure or unmixed with anything false. Then peaceable indicates that peace is not to be desired unless it is according to the truth. That is why Paul placed it on condition in Rom 12:18. Gentle means to be mild and fair in one's temperament even when insisting on truth as being preferable to peace. Easy to be in-treated is all from one Greek word that means to be of a yielding disposition and not stubborn when the heavenly wisdom is presented. Full of mercy means that one's life is merciful toward those in difficulties whenever the occasion arises, and not only when it is the most convenient to be so. Fruits are the deeds that are performed and heavenly wisdom will prompt one to produce good deeds. Without partiality denotes an attitude that does not show respect of persons. (See chapter 2:1-4.) Without hypocrisy means that our expressions of friendliness to others will be sincere and not a mere pretense. A tree Is known by its fruit, hence if a man is being influenced by the wisdom that is from above, he will exhibit the characteristics that are described in this verse.-(E.M. Zerr's Commentary). SL

***These seven attributes of the wisdom that is from above, are the fruit of righteousness. They come forth from righteousness. When they are exercised in practice they are being sown, as it were. These fruits can only be “sown in peace”. Peace is the motive to sow this fruit. And what does this fruit deliver? Peace (Psalms 85:10). When you make peace, when are a peace maker (Matthew 5:9), you harvest peace. You harvest what you sow (Galatians 6:7). You are always sowing. All the words you speak out and all the deeds you do are seeds sown by you.-(Kingcomments). SL

 ***And the fruit of righteousness is sown — The whole is the principle of righteousness in the soul, and all the above virtues are the fruits of that righteousness. Is sown in peace — When the peace of God rules the heart, all these virtues and graces grow and flourish abundantly. Of them that make peace. — The peace-makers are continually recommending this wisdom to others, and their own conduct is represented as a sowing of heavenly seed, which brings forth Divine fruit. Perhaps sowing in peace  signifies  sowing prosperously-being very successful. This is not only the proper disposition for every teacher of the Gospel, but for every professed follower of the Lord Jesus. Some render this verse, which is confessedly obscure, thus: And the peaceable fruits of righteousness are sown for the practisers of peace. He who labours to live peaceably shall have peace for his reward.-(Adam Clarke Commentary). SL

James-Chapter-2-4.jpg

Beza Greek New Testament 1598
8 Ἦτε γάρ ποτε σκότος, νῦν δὲ φῶς ἐν Κυρίῳ· ὡς τέκνα φωτὸς περιπατεῖτε 9 ( γὰρ καρπὸς τοῦ Πνεύματος ἐν πάσῃ ἀγαθωσύνῃ καὶ δικαιοσύνῃ καὶ ἀληθείᾳ

10 Δοκιμάζοντες τί ἐστιν εὐάρεστον τῷ Κυρίῳ.

 

Ephesians 5:6-10    

6 Let no man deceive you with vain words: for because of these things cometh the wrath of God upon the children of //disobedience (Or, unbelief).Be not ye therefore partakers with them. 8 "For-γάρ (gar)-for, verily) ye were-Ἦτε (Ete)-was (wast or were)) sometimes-ποτε (pote)-once, at some time or other (i.e. formerly, aforetime)) ​*darkness-σκότος (akotos)-darkness, (Metaph. of ignorance respecting divine things and human duties, and the accompanying ungodliness and immorality)), but-δὲ (de)-and, but, moreover) now-νῦν (nun)-at this time, the present, now) are ye ​*light-φῶς (phos)-light, radiance, (metaph. of truth and its knowledge, together with the spiritual purity associated with it)) in-ἐν (en)-in) the Lord-κυρίῳ (Kurio)-Lord, Master, (supreme in authority, i.e. (as noun) controller; by implication: Master (as a respectful title)): ​*walk-περιπατεῖτε (peripateite)-to walk around, (figuratively: be occupied, to regulate one's life, to conduct oneself)) as-ὡς (hos)-as, like, even as, exactly like) children-τέκνα (tekna)-one born, a child) *of light-φωτὸς (photos)-light, radiance, (metaph. of truth and its knowledge, together with the spiritual purity associated with it)), 9 (For-γὰρ (gar)-for, verily) the-(ho)-the) fruit-καρπὸς (karpos)-literally: fruit, (figuratively: result, outcome, deed)) of the-τοῦ (tou)-of the) spirit-Πνεύματος (pneumatos)-spirit) is in-ἐν (en)-in) all-πάσῃ (pase)-all, every) goodness-ἀγαθωσύνῃ (agathosune)-goodness) and-καὶ (kai)-and, also) ​*righteousness-δικαιοσύνῃ (dikaiosune)-rightness, justice, (equity (of character or act)) and-καὶ (kai)-and, also) truth-ἀληθείᾳ (aletheia)-truth, verity).) 10  ​*Proving-Δοκιμάζοντες (Dokimasontes)-to try, prove, (i.e. to test, examine, prove)) what-τί (ti)-what) is-ἐστιν (estin)-'to be') ​*acceptable-εὐάρεστον (euareston)-well-pleasing) unto the-τῷ (to)-to the) Lord-κυρίῳ (Kurio)-Lord, Master, (supreme in authority, i.e. (as noun) controller; by implication: Master (as a respectful title):"

Example of Greek word:

  • *σκότος (akotos)-darkness click: Luke 11:35 

  • ​*φῶς (phos)-light click: Matthew 4:16 

  • ​*​​περιπατεῖτε (peripateite)-walk click: Galatians 5:16 

  • *​​φωτὸς (photos)-of light click: John 12:36 // 1 Th 5:5 // 2 Cor 11:14

  • ​*δικαιοσύνῃ (dikaiosune)-righteousness click: Romans 6:18

  • *G1381: (Δοκιμάζοντες-Proving) click: 1 Th 2:4 (δοκιμάζοντι-trieth)

  • ​*εὐάρεστον (euareston)-acceptable click: Romans 12:2

 

Greek Interlinear:

  • ye were-ἦτε: Verb, Imperfect, (No voice stated), Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural: For ["YE-WERE"] sometimes darkness, but now are ye light in the Lord:

  • walk-περιπατεῖτε: Verb, Present, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person, Plural: ["be-ye-walking!"] as children of light, (For the fruit of the spirit is in all goodness and righteousness and truth.)

  • Proving-δοκιμάζοντες: Verb, Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine: ["testING"//"provING"] what

  •   ​is-ἐστιν: Verb, Present, (No voice stated), Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular: ["IS"] acceptable unto the Lord:

Punctuation Comparison:

1611 AV

8 For yee were sometimes darkenesse, but now are yee light in the Lord: walke as children of light, 9 (For the fruite of the spirit is in all goodnesse and righteousnesse & trueth.) 10 Proouing what is acceptable vnto the Lord: 

 

1769 KJV

8 For ye were sometimes darkness, but now are ye light in the Lord: walk as children of light: (For the fruit of the Spirit is in all goodness and righteousness and truth;) 10 Proving what is acceptable unto the Lord.

 

 

Commentaries:

ephesians 5-8.jpg
ephesians 5-8.jpg

For-γάρ (gar)-for, verily) ye were-Ἦτε (Ete)-was (wast or were) sometimes-ποτε (pote)-once, at some time or other (i.e. formerly, aforetime)) darkness-σκότος (akotos)-darkness, (Metaph. of ignorance respecting divine things and human duties, and the accompanying ungodliness and immorality)),

    The reason Christians should not partake with unbelievers in their evil deeds is that we were formerly darkness (cf. Ephesians 4:17, /18, /19) but are now light, having trusted Jesus Christ (Ephesians 2:1-3; Ephesians 3:17-21; cf. Matthew 5:14; Colossians 1:12, /13). The second command is to walk as children of light. Obviously it is possible for the children of light not to walk (live) as children of light (cf. 1 John 1:6, /7). Otherwise the command would be unnecessary. "The gravest disservice that any man can do to a fellow man is to make him think lightly of sin." [Note: Barclay, p. 194.]-(Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas). SL

 

    “For”: God has already given us one very important and motivational reason why we should abstain from such things, eternal condemnation. Here is another incentive, all such sins are part of a life lived in darkness and ignorance. “Ye were once darkness”: See Act_26:18 . “Paul saw the heathen life as life in the dark” (Barclay p. 164). “The light and darkness imagery shows the uncompromising nature of Paul's ethical demands. There appears to be no room for shady gray areas” (Boles p. 301). Practicing sin without feeling guilty is not evidence that a person is open minded or is enlightened, rather it is proof that one is filled with darkness.-(Mark Dunagan). SL 

    The Ephesian brethren had been involved in the wicked ways of darkness before they obeyed the truth. In Christ, they were light because sin had been put away. So, Paul admonished them to live like the children of light they had become (5:8; Mat_5:14, /15, /16 ; 2Co_4:4, /5, /6 ). Light is a necessary ingredient of plant growth and fruit bearing. It is also important for a Christian to stay in the light so he can bear the fruits of goodness, righteousness and truth (5:9).-(Gary Hampton Commentary). SL

   Ye were sometimes darkness,— St. Paul, to express the great darkness in which the Gentiles were, calls them darkness itself. The kingdom of Satan over the Gentile world was a kingdom of darkness. See ch. Ephesians 6:12. And so, on the other hand, we find Jesus is pronounced by Simeon a light to lighten the GentilesLuke 2:32. The parenthesis in Eph 5:9-[((For the fruit of the spirit is in all goodness and righteousness and truth.))] serves to give us the literal sense of all that is here required by the Apostle in this allegorical discourse of light. See Colossians 1:12, /13.-(Thomas Coke Commentary). SL

    This section immediately follows the exhortation to personal purity. The clear light of God’s holiness is to be our standard. “Ye were sometimes darkness, but now are ye light in the Lord: walk as children of light” (Ephesians 5:8). Notice that he does not say, “Ye were sometimes in the dark,” but, “Ye were darkness.” Darkness is ignorance of God, and we were once, in our unconverted days, in ignorance of God and therefore said to be “darkness.” We did not have the Light of life. Every natural man is in that condition. Zophar asked Job the question, “Canst thou by searching find out God?” (Job 11:7) And the answer is in the negative, for all philosophizing or reasoning about divine things ends in confusion because men in their natural state are darkness.-(Ironside's Notes). SL 

but-δὲ (de)-and, but, moreover) now-νῦν (nun)-at this time, the present, now) are ye light-φῶς (phos)-light, radiance, (metaph. of truth and its knowledge, together with the spiritual purity associated with it)) in-ἐν (en)-in) the Lord-κυρίῳ (Kurio)-Lord, Master, (supreme in authority, i.e. (as noun) controller; by implication: Master (as a respectful title))::

    Walking in the light will cause a Christian to be living proof of what is "well-pleasing" (A.S.V.) to the Lord. Such proof will result from careful prayer, study of God's word and the transformation of mind that comes from such (5:10; 1Th_5:17 ; 2Ti_2:15 ; Rom_12:1 -). Nothing good, in the spiritual realm, is grown in darkness, thus no good fruit is produced there. Those in Christ cannot be in partnership, or have anything in common, with such works but must expose them ( Joh_16:8, /9, /10, /11 ). This can be done through preaching and living as God would have one live (5:11; 2Ti_4:15 ; 1Pe_2:11, /12 ).-(Gary Hampton Commentary). SL

    “The natural man receiveth not the things of the Spirit of God; for they are foolishness unto him” (1 Corinthians 2:14). They are spiritually discerned. We were once in that condition, and when in that darkened state, we walked in darkness, and practiced things of which we are now ashamed. But having become children of the light, being born of God and made light in the Lord, we are to walk as children of the light.-(Ironside's Notes). SL 

    “Walking as children of light is the same as ‘walking in love’ (5:2); 'walking worthily' (4:1); 'walking in the truth' ( 3Jn_1:4 ); and ‘walking by the Spirit’ ( Gal_5:16 ). Thus, walking as children of ;ight means that we must live by the light of God's word ( Psa_119:105 ). 'You are light', Paul says, 'now live like it’” (Boles p. 301). Compare with 1Jn_1:5, /6, /7 ; 1Jn_2:8, /9, /10, /11 ). Thus we have the obligation to live in such a manner that others in sin "see the light" ( Mat_5:16 ; Php_2:15 ). “Their behaviour must conform to their new identity. They must radiate the light they are” (Stott p. 199). “Let no-one say that doctrine does not matter! Good conduct arises out of good doctrine. It is only when we have grasped clearly who we are in Christ , that the desire will grow within us to live a life that is worthy of our calling and fitting to our character as God's new society” (Stott p. 194). We walk as children of light, when we pattern our moral and ethical behaviour after the God who is Light ( 1Jn_1:5 ; Eph_5:1, /2 ).-(Mark Dunagan). SL

    but now ye are light in the Lord — Enlightened by the divine word and Spirit, and brought to the saving knowledge of God and Christ, and of divine things in general; and consequently such vicious practices as you formerly pursued would be utterly inexcusable in you now. You are now under an indispensable obligation to walk as children of light. (Benson Commentary). SL

    Light is the emblem of happiness, knowledge, holiness. The meaning is, that they [(born again believers)] had been enlightened by the Lord to see the evil of these practices, and that they ought, therefore, to forsake them.-(Barnes' Notes). BH

    But now are ye light in the Lord; either in, or by the Lord Jesus Christ, the light of men, from whom all spiritual light comes; or by the Lord the Spirit, by whom the eyes of their understandings were enlightened, to see the exceeding sinfulness of sin, in heart and life; the insufficiency of their own righteousness and moral virtues, to justify them before God; and the true and right way of righteousness, life and salvation by Christ; and to have some light into the several doctrines of the Gospel, and even a glimpse of the invisible glories and realities of another world: and this light is so great, that they are not only said to be enlightened, but to be light itself; and this they have not of, and from themselves, but the Lord; and therefore should walk as children of light.-(Gill's Exposition). BH

walk-περιπατεῖτε (peripateite)-to walk around, (figuratively: be occupied, to regulate one's life, to conduct oneself)) as-ὡς (hos)-as, like, even as, exactly like) children-τέκνα (tekna)-one born, a child) of light-φωτὸς (photos)-light, radiance, (metaph. of truth and its knowledge, together with the spiritual purity associated with it)),:

    Walk as children of light. Another expressive image, denoting close connection with light, as if they were actually born of it; hence their lives should be full of it. The figure connecting darkness with sin and light with purity, common to all languages, underlies the exhortation.-(Pulpit Commentary). BH

    Walk as children of light.—So our Lord teaches, “While ye have the light, believe in the light, that ye may become children of light” (John 12:36; comp. 1 Thessalonians 5:5). “Children of light” are they who not only love the light, but also manifest the likeness of the one true Light, “the Father of Lights” (James 1:17), being His children in Jesus Christ.-(Ellicott's Commentary). BH

    There are many ways of abetting, or taking part in the sins of others; by commendation, counsel, consent, or concealment. And if we share with others in their sins, we must expect to share in their plagues. If we do not reprove the sins of others, we have fellowship with them. A good man will be ashamed to speak of what many wicked men are not ashamed to do. We must have not only a sight and a knowledge that sin is sin, and in some measure shameful, but see it as a breach of God's holy law. After the example of prophets and apostles, we should call on those asleep and dead in sin, to awake and arise, that Christ may give them light.-(Matthew Henry). BH

(For-γὰρ (gar)-for, verily) the-(ho)-the) fruit-καρπὸς (karpos)-literally: fruit, (figuratively: result, outcome, deed)) of the-τοῦ (tou)-of the) spirit-Πνεύματος (pneumatos)-spirit) is in-ἐν (en)-in) all-πάσῃ (pase)-all, every) goodness-ἀγαθωσύνῃ (agathosune)-goodness) and-καὶ (kai)-and, also) righteousness-δικαιοσύνῃ (dikaiosune)-rightness, justice, (equity (of character or act)) and-καὶ (kai)-and, also) truth-ἀληθείᾳ (aletheia)-truth, verity).):

    For the fruit of the Spirit,...."Either of the spirit of man, as renewed, or rather of the Spirit of God-[(i.e. The Holy Spirit)]; the allusion is to fruits of trees: the believer is a tree of righteousness; Christ is his root; the Spirit is the sap, which supports and nourishes; and good works, under the influence of his grace, are the fruit: . . ."-(Gill's Exposition). BH

    Those who allow themselves, either in the lusts of the flesh or the love of the world, belong not to the kingdom of grace, nor shall they come to the kingdom of glory. When the vilest transgressors repent and believe the gospel, they become children of obedience, from whom God's wrath is turned away. Dare we make light of that which brings down the wrath of God? Sinners, like men in the dark, are going they know not whither, and doing they know not what. But the grace of God wrought a mighty change in the souls of many. Walk as children of light, as having knowledge and holiness. These works of darkness are unfruitful, whatever profit they may boast; for they end in the destruction of the impenitent sinner. There are many ways of abetting, or taking part in the sins of others; by commendation, counsel, consent, or concealment. And if we share with others in their sins, we must expect to share in their plagues.-(Matthew Henry). BH

    “For the fruit of the light”: “The outcome of life in the Light” (TCNT). “The light produces in men quite the opposite of sins like these” (Phi). “For where light is, there all goodness springs up, all justice and truth” (NEB). Every lifestyle choice has certain logical results ( Rom_6:16 ; Rom_6:21 ). Walking in darkness produces "dependable" evil results ( Jam_3:16 ; Eph_4:31 ; Eph_5:3 ; Gal_5:19, /20 ). Walking in the light produces dependable good results ( Gal_5:22, /23 ). “The fruit”: “Is a collective noun and summarizes all that walking means” (Lenski p. 605). “Is in all”: Consists in every form of. “Goodness”: “A certain generosity of spirit” (Barclay p. 164). “Kindness, goodness in action” (Erdman p. 111). “Righteousness”:  “Doing what is right and just in relation to both God and humanity” (Boles p. 302). “Giving men and to God that which is their due” (Barclay p. 164). “And truth”: “The opposite of falsehood and hypocrisy and signifies honesty and sincerity” (Erdman p. 111). “That which is reliable as fact. It is the very opposite of error and deceit. It does not arise out of ignorance or blindness or prejudice” (Caldwell p. 239). “Moral reality as opposed to all lying perversion, shame, deception, and pretense” (Lenski p. 606). “Everything that is wholesome and good and true” (Phi). The fruit of the light is the exact opposite from results of the life lived in darkness. The faithful Christian lives by truth, the sinner lives in deception and is not entirely honest about the life that he or she is living. The Christian faces reality head on, the sinner seeks to hide from it. The Christian is "just" with his fellow man, the sinner manipulates his or her neighbor. The Christian is kind and generous, the sinner is filled with self-interest.-(Mark Dunagan). SL

    Goodness and righteousness and truth.—These are practical exhibitions of the “being true in love,” described in Ephesians 4:15 as the characteristic of the Christ-like soul. For “goodness” is love in practical benevolence, forming, in Galatians 5:22, a climax to “longsuffering” and “kindness,” and, in 2 Thessalonians 1:11, distinguished as practical from the “faith” which underlies practice. The other two qualities, “righteousness” and “truth”—that is, probably, truthfulness-are both parts of the great principle of “being true.”-(Ellicott's Commentary). BH

    For the fruit of light is [shown] in all goodness and righteousness and truth. The exhortation is confirmed by this statement of what is the natural result of light - goodness, the disposition that leads to good works; righteousness, rectitude, or integrity, which is most careful against all disorder and injustice, and renders to all their due, and especially to God the things that are God's; and truth, meaning a regard for truth in every form and way - believing it, reverencing it, speaking it, acting according to it, hoping and rejoicing in it, being sincere and honest, not false or treacherous.-(Pulpit Commentary). BH

    The fruit of the light is those qualities that characterize God’s life (i.e., the fruit that the Spirit produces). The three qualities mentioned here are the opposite of the fruit of darkness (Ephesians 4:18, /19). If the child of light does not walk in the light, he will not bear much of the fruit of the light (cf. John 15:1-6). He might even be outwardly indistinguishable from a child of darkness (cf. Matthew 13:24-30).-(Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas). SL

    

Proving-Δοκιμάζοντες (Dokimasontes)-to try, prove, (i.e. to test, examine, prove)) what-τί (ti)-what) is-ἐστιν (estin)-'to be') acceptable-εὐάρεστον (euareston)-well-pleasing) unto the-τῷ (to)-to the) Lord-κυρίῳ (Kurio)-Lord, Master, (supreme in authority, i.e. (as noun) controller; by implication: Master (as a respectful title):: 

    Proving what is acceptable unto the Lord.—So in Romans 12:2, the “proving what is the good and acceptable and perfect will of God,” is the fruit of transformation “in the renewing of the mind.” “To prove” is to try in each case, by the full light of God, what is accordant to His will; it is a work partly of thought, partly of practical experience; and it always implies a searching examination of heart and action by the touchstone of God’s word.-(Ellicott's Commentary). BH

    Proving what is well-pleasing to the Lord. A general rule applicable to the whole walk. To prove is to ascertain by test and experiment. Our whole walk should be directed to finding out what things are pleasing to Christ, rejecting at once everything that is not so, and clinging to all that is. We are not to follow the tradition of our people, and not to take a vague view of duty; we are to prove the matter, to put it to the test. For the supreme practical rule of the Christian's life must be to please Christ.-(Pulpit Commentary). BH

    These words are closely connected with those which precede them in the 8th verse-’Walk as children of light.’ They further explain the mode by which that commandment is to be fulfilled. They who, as children of light, mindful of their obligations and penetrated by its brightness, seek to conform their active life to the light to which they belong, are to do so by making experiment of, or investigating and determining, what is ‘acceptable to the Lord.’ It is the sum of all Christian duty, a brief compendium of conduct, an all-sufficient directory of life. There need only be two remarks made by way of explanation of my text. One is that the expression rendered ‘acceptable’ is more accurately and forcibly given, as in the Revised Version, by the plainer word ‘well-pleasing.’ And the other is that ‘the Lord’ here, as always in the New Testament-unless the context distinctly forbids it-means Jesus Christ. Here the context distinctly demands it. For only a sentence or two before, the Apostle has been speaking about ‘those who were sometime darkness having been made light in the Lord’-which is obviously in Jesus Christ. And here, therefore, what pleases Christ is the Christian’s highest duty, and the one prescription which is required to be obeyed in order to walk in the light is, to do that which pleases Him.-(MacLaren's Expositions). BH

    “Proving”: “Always trying to find out what is pleasing to the Lord” (TCNT). While the life in sin is spent trying to find those things that please self, walking in the light means always seeking to please God in all situations ( 2Co_5:9 ). "Proving" what pleases the Lord involves more than "finding out" what pleases God. It also involves accepting and fully supporting what God says pleases Him ( 1Sa_15:23 ). It is being in complete agreement with His view of everything ( Rom_3:4 ). The Christian who is walking in the light is eager to test everything by the light of God's word ( 1Th_5:21, /22 ). There are no cultural "sacred cows" for the person bent on pleasing God. “ The one point of all moral investigation is, does it please God?” (Vincent p. 399). “The light metaphor speaks vividly of Christian openness and transparency, of living joyfully in the presence of Christ, with nothing to hide or fear” (Stott p. 200). Because "deceivers" (5:6) exist, the Christian always will need to "examine" everything carefully ( 1Th_5:21-22 ; 1Jn_4:1 ). This verse implies that not everything that is, "claimed" to be pleasing to the Lord, actually in fact is. “It is the Christian's duty to expose every action, every decision, every motive to the light of Christ” (Barclay p. 165). The Christian is also the person who has put God's will to the test, that is he has tested it in his own life ( Rom_12:2 ). “He is not deceived by men who would try to convince him otherwise (v. 6) but he has tested the right and found it to be right” (Caldwell p. 240). Of all people, the Christian should be able to say with confidence to the world, “I have tried God's will, I have applied it to my life , and it works! I am sold on this way of living and you cannot convince me otherwise”. In the context we have already been told what pleases the Lord, complete obedience to the will of God, regardless of the personal cost (5:1, /2).-(Mark Dunagan). SL

    Proving what is acceptable — By walking in the light-under the influence of the Divine Spirit, according to the dictates of the Gospel, ye shall be able to try, and bring to full proof, that by which God is best pleased. Ye shall be able to please him well in all things.-(Adam Clarke Commentary). SL

    When Paul was writing to the Corinthians, he said, "What fellowship has light with darkness?" Now think about that for a moment. Light and darkness are mutually exclusive. They cannot coexist. When you turn on a light the darkness goes. But they don't coexist. They are not one. They are separate, mutually exclusive entities. So spiritually you cannot walk in darkness and walk in light. If a man says that he has fellowship with God, who is light, and he is walking in darkness, he lies; he is not telling the truth."-(Chuck Smith Bible Commentary). SL

Scrivener's Textus Receptus 1894

11 καὶ μὴ συγκοινωνεῖτε τοῖς ἔργοις τοῖς ἀκάρποις τοῦ σκότους, μᾶλλον δὲ καὶ ἐλέγχετε·

Ephesians 5:11

11 "And *have no-μὴ (me)-no, not) fellowship-συγκοινωνεῖτε (sugkoinoneite)-to be a joint partaker with, (to share in company with, i.e. co-participate in:—communicate (have fellowship) with, be partaker of)) with the unfruitful-ἀκάρποις (akarpois)-unfruitful, without fruit, (i.e. pernicious)) works-ἔργοις (ergois)-work, deed, doing, labour) *of darkness-σκότους (skotous)-darkness), but rather *reprove-ἐλέγχετε (elegchete)-to convict, (to confute, admonish:—convict, convince, tell a fault, rebuke, reprove)) them."

Example of Greek word:

  • *G4790: (συγκοινωνεῖτε-have fellowshipclick: Rev 18:4  (συγκοινωνήσητε-ye be partakers)

  • *G175: (ἀκάρποις-unfruitfulclick: Jude 1:12 (ἄκαρπα-without fruit)

  • *σκότους (skotous)-of darkness click: Act 26:18 

  • *G1651: (ἐλέγχετε-reproveclick: 1 Tim 5:20 (ἔλεγχε-rebuke)

Greek Interlinear:

  • have fellowship-συγκοινωνεῖτε: Verb, Present, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person, Plural: And no ["be-ye-being-joint-participants!"] with the unfruitful works of darkness, but rather

  • reprove-ἐλέγχετε: Verb, Present, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person, Plural: ["BE-EXPOSING"//"be-ye-exposing!"] them.

Punctuation Comparison:

1611 AV

11 And haue no fellowship with the vnfruitfull workes of darkenesse, but rather reproue them.

 

1769 KJV

11 And have no fellowship with the unfruitful works of darkness, but rather reprove them.

 

 

Commentaries:

***“And have no fellowship with”: “Take no part in” (TCNT). “Steer clear” (Phi) ( 2Co_6:14-18 ; 2Co_7:1 ). “Fellowship”: To share the company with, to participate, to be a partaker of. From this verse we learn something about fellowship. Fellowship is participation. Hence I only have fellowship in the local congregation if I am participating. If I am not supporting the local work with my time, effort, financial prosperity, and physical and mental presence, then I really do not have fellowship. Failing to meet with Christians is serious business ( Heb_10:25, /26 ). “This would includes the idea that we are not to encourage, approve, or endorse such works”  (Spiritual Sword Lectureship p. 188) ( Rom_1:32 ; 2Jn_1:9, /10, /11 ). We are to live in the world ( Mat_5:16 ; Php_2:15 ; 1Co_5:10 ), and we are to live in the midst of sinners, but we are not to participate in that which is evil. In trying to influence our neighbors for good, in attempting to save their souls, we can never endorse whatever sins they might be practicing. We cannot reason that we can engage in sin with a friend, if such activity will give us a chance to talk to them about the gospel. “Unfruitful works of darkness”: “Which no good can come” (TCNT). Compare Rom_6:21 ; Gal_6:8 . “The vices of the pagan world cannot accomplish anything good; they are sterile, futile, and worthless” (Boles p. 302). “Unproductive of any spiritual good or benefit to either God or man. Unable to produce any blessing to any man” (Caldwell p. 241). “Works which result in no gain, yield nothing pleasant or profitable, bring no blessing or reward with them” (Gr. Ex. N.T. p. 357). Such things do have results, but those results are not productive, rather such activities might produce temporary pleasure ( Heb_11:25 ), but they also leave the individual with shame, heartache, pain, bitterness, and anger ( Tit_3:3 ). This is a very important statement, because one of the "deceitful" arguments (5:6) that is advanced to defend certain sins, is that such sins are signs of enlightenment and personal growth. The common argument that is used to defend premarital sex, is that such enables the couple contemplating marriage to "make sure" they are right for each other. We are told, “isn't it better to find out if your are right for each other before marriage than make the mistake of marrying someone you aren't really compatible with?” Do not be deceived by such swallow arguments. God says, “nothing good or productive is ever accomplished by sin!” This verse condemns all arguments which try to argue that engaging in a certain sin actually has "improved" someone. God is clear, real personal growth and maturity does not happen when you are walking in darkness.-(Mark Dunagan). SL

***The unfruitful works - The deeds of darkness that produce no "benefit" to the body or the soul. The word "unfruitful" is used here in contrast with the "fruit of the Spirit," Ephesians 5:9But rather reprove them - By your life, your conversation, and all your influence. This is the business of Christians. Their lives should be a standing rebuke of a sinful world, and they should be ever ready to express their disapprobation of its wickedness in every form.-(Barnes' Notes on the Bible). BH

 ***In Ephesians 5:7 Paul warns that you should not be a partaker of evildoers. You must not connect yourself with these people. In this verse you are reminded not to have anything to do with their deeds. Every form of fellowship with them should be cut off. Light and darkness have absolutely nothing in common (cf. 2 Corinthians 6:14). Now you are in the light, it is absolutely unbearable to do “unfruitful deeds” because they belong to the “darkness”. Besides, have you noticed that there is mention of “fruit (singular) of the Light” (Ephesians 5:9) and “unfruitful deeds (plural) of darkness” (Ephesians 5:11)? This you also find in Galatians 5, where you read about “the works of the flesh” (Galatians 5:19) and “the fruit of the Spirit” (Galatians 5:22). What belongs to God and comes from Him, forms a wonderful unity. What comes from the flesh and belongs to darkness, is corruption in many ways.-(Kingcomments). SL

***Now, we are to take more than just a passive attitude towards darkness. When someone comes and starts to tell a dirty story and it is obvious from the look in their eye and the sinister smile that it is going to be one of the dirty ones, stop them, reprove them, don't just listen and then smile politely and chuckle. Say, "That is filthy." There are some men whose minds are like racehorses; they run best on a dirt track. Don't let them pour out their filth on you. Don't have any fellowship with the unfruitful works of darkness, reprove them, speak up, tell them that that is wrong, you don't appreciate it. That way you will keep them from coming back with more filth later.-(Chuck Smith). SL

***The peculiar quality of light is that it makes manifest all things that come under its rays. The truth of things becomes plain, and hence the one who does truth naturally welcomes the light, whilst he who does evil hates the light and avoids it. God is light in Himself; believers are only “light in the Lord,” just as the moon is only light to us, in as far as its face is in the light of the sun. Therefore it is that we, like the moon, must abide in the light of our great Luminary, Christ Himself. This is very plainly indicated in verse 14.-(F.B. Hole's Old and New Testament Commentary). SL

***The unfruitful works of darkness.—St. Paul has a similar antithesis in the Epistle to the Romans (Romans 6:19, /20, /21, /22). They who are in sin “yield their members servants to iniquity unto iniquity.” Iniquity has no result but iniquity; and hence he goes on to ask, “What fruit had ye then in those things of which ye are now ashamed?” This weary fruitlessness is at once the sign and the penalty of sin, so that men have fancied it to be one chief element of the suffering of the lost. But they who are in Christ “yield their members servants to righteousness unto holiness.” “They have,” he says, “their fruit unto holiness” now, and “in the end the everlasting life,” which is everlasting holiness. Similarly, in Galatians 5:20, /21, /22, we have “the works of the flesh,” but “the fruit of the Spirit.” Rarely, indeed, does Scripture speak of “evil fruit” (Matthew 7:17Matthew 12:33). Generally, “to be unfruitful” is an all-sufficient condemnation. “Every branch that beareth not fruit he taketh away” (John 15:2). Rather reprove them.—In the word “reprove,” whether in its application to the witness of the Holy Ghost (John 16:8), or to the witness of men (as in 1 Corinthians 14:241 Timothy 5:20Titus 1:9-13, et al.), there is described a double function—to “convince,” if it may be, the sinner in himself; to “convict” him, if the other function fails, before men and angels. Both these functions St. Paul urges here. It is not enough to “have no fellowship with them.” To this tacit reproof open reproof in word and deed is to be added; only in such reproof it should be remembered that it would be disgraceful “even to speak” in detail of the actual “things done in secret.”-(Ellicott's Commentary). SL

Romans 6-22.jpg

Beza Greek New Testament 1598
22 Νυνὶ δὲ ἐλευθερωθέντες ἀπὸ τῆς ἁμαρτίας, δουλωθέντες δὲ τῷ Θεῷ, ἔχετε τὸν καρπὸν ὑμῶν εἰς ἁγιασμόν· τὸ δὲ τέλος, ζωὴν αἰώνιον. 23 Τὰ γὰρ ὀψώνια τῆς ἁμαρτίας θάνατος· τὸ δὲ χάρισμα τοῦ Θεοῦ ζωὴ αἰώνιος ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ τῷ Κυρίῳ ἡμῶν.

 

Romans 6:22-23

22 But-δέ (de)-but, yet) now-νυνὶ (nuni)-now, at this very moment) *being made free-ἐλευθερωθέντες (eleutherothentes)-to free, make free, (i.e. deliver, set at liberty)) from-ἀπὸ (apo)-from, away from) sin-ἁμαρτίας (hamartias)-sin, error, offense), and-δὲ (de)-and) *become servants-δουλωθέντες (doulothentes)-to make one a servant or slave) to-τῷ (to)-to the) God-Θεῷ (Theo)-God, (i.e. God the Father:—the supreme Divinity)), ye have-ἔχετε (echete)-to have, (i.e. to hold)) your-ὑμῶν (humon)-of you, your) fruit-καρπὸν (karpon)-literally: fruit, (figuratively: result, outcome, deed)) unto-εἰς (eis)-into, to) *holiness-ἁγιασμόν (hagiasmon)-separation, setting apart, (properly: purification, i.e. (the state) purity;  i.e. sanctification)), and-δὲ (de)-and) *the end-τέλος (telos)-end, (i.e. (by implication) the conclusion of an act or state)) *everlasting-αἰώνιον (aionion)-age-lasting, (i.e. eternal, for ever, everlasting)) life-ζωὴν (zoen)-life). 23 For the wages-ὀψώνια (opsonia)-a soldier's pay, allowance, (figuratively: of the compensation for serving sin)) of sin-ἁμαρτίας (hamartias)-sin, error, offense) is death-θάνατος (thanatos)-death)but-δὲ (de)-but, moreover) *the gift-χάρισμα (charisma)-grace, favour, kindness, free gift) of-τοῦ (tou)-of the) God-Θεοῦ (Theou)-God, (God the Father:—the supreme Divinity)) *is eternal-αἰώνιος (aionios)-age-lasting, (i.e. eternal, for ever, everlasting)) life-ζωὴ (zoe)-life), through-ἐν (en)-in) Jesus-Ἰησοῦ (Iesou)-the Son of God, the Saviour of mankind) Christ-Χριστῷ (Christo)-"anointed", the Son of God, (i.e. the Messiah, an epithet of Jesus:—Christ)) our-ἡμῶν (hemon)-our, of us) Lord-Κυρίῳ (Kurio)-Lord, Master, (supreme in authority, i.e. (as noun) controller; by implication: Master (as a respectful title)).

 

Example of Greek word:

  • *ἐλευθερωθέντες (eleutherothentes)-being made free click: Rom 6:18 (made free)

  • *G1402: (δουλωθέντες-become servants) click: 1 Cor 9:19 (ἐδούλωσα-yet have I made servant)

  • *ἁγιασμόν (hagiasmon)-holiness click: Hebrews 12:14 // Romans 6:19

  • *τέλος (telos)-the end click: 1 Peter 4:7

  • *αἰώνιον (aionion)-everlasting click: Matthew 25:46

  • *χάρισμα (charisma)-the gift click: 1 Peter 4:10

  • *αἰώνιος (aionios)-is eternal click: John 17:3

Greek Interlinear:

  • being made free-ἐλευθερωθέντες: Verb, Aorist, Passive, Participle,  Nominative, Plural, Masculine: But now ["BEING-FREED"] from sin, and

  • become servants-δουλωθέντες: Verb, Aorist, Passive, Participle Nominative, Plural, Masculine: ["BEING-enSLAVED"] to God,

  • ye have-ἔχετε: Verb, Present, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural:    ["YE-ARE-HAVING"] your fruit unto holiness, and the end everlasting life. For the wages of sin is death: but the gift of God is eternal life, through Jesus Christ our Lord.

 

Punctuation Comparison:

1611 AV

22 But now being made free from sinne, and become seruants to God, yee haue your fruit vnto holinesse, and the end euerlasting life23 For the wages of sinne is death: but the gift of God is eternall life, through Iesus Christ our Lord.

 

1769 KJV

22 But now being made free from sin, and become servants to God, ye have your fruit unto holiness, and the end everlasting life23 For the wages of sin is death; but the gift of God is eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.

 

 

Commentaries:

But-δέ (de)-but, yet) now-νυνὶ (nuni)-now, at this very moment) being made free-ἐλευθερωθέντες (eleutherothentes)-to free, make free, (i.e. deliver, set at liberty)) from-ἀπὸ (apo)-from, away from) sin-ἁμαρτίας (hamartias)-sin, error, offense),:

    Now being made free from sin ... refers to the justification of the believers which was accomplished by God upon the condition of their believing and being baptized into Christ-[(cf. 1 Corinthians 6:11)]; but there is also another sense in which the Christian must be "free from sin," namely in this, that he shall also be free from the practice and pursuit of sin, which is "sanctification" as Paul defined it here.-(Coffman Commentary). SL

    But now being made free from sin. While in the flesh we are said to be the servants of sin, and under the law of sin; but now, by a regenerate state, we are made the servants of righteousness. We are married to another, we are quickened with Christ, and alive to God. through him. By consequence, we are no longer debtors to the flesh, to live according to its dictates. There is no occasion to yield to any solicitations of evil concupiscence. This state is called the glorious liberty of the children of God, Romans 8:21, in which the Spirit that dwells in us is the life of the soul, as the soul is the life of the body. The old man is put off with his deeds, and the new man put on; the old man is crucified with his affections and lusts, and the inward man is renewed day by day, with growth and strength, till the believer be altogether like the Saviour. The stony heart is then removed, the law of love is written in the inward parts, and the whole deity dwells in the living temple which his hands have reared. But let all men who have attained to this state of pure and perfect love, watch against a reëntrance of all their former evils.-(Stucliffe's Commentary). SL

    Sin results in a life to be ashamed of, serving God results in a life that rises above others, that glorifies God, that shows the potential for good that is found within man created in the image of God. ( 1Pe_1:14, /15, /16 ) Holiness in living isn't something that mystically happens to one, rather it must be worked at ( Heb_12:14 ; 1Ti_5:22 'Keep yourself free from sin').-(Mark Dunagan). SL

and-δὲ (de)-and) become servants-δουλωθέντες (doulothentes)-to make one a servant or slave) to-τῷ (to)-to the) God-Θεῷ (Theo)-God, (i.e. God the Father:—the supreme Divinity)),:

    And become servants to God - They were transferred from the service of one master to that of another: they were freed from the slavery of sin, and engaged in the service of God.-(Adam Clarke Commentary). SL

    Free forgiveness! What does that mean? Freedom to sin? Far from it. That were to return into the old slavery. To yield to sin is to be the servant or slave of sin with its consequence—death. On the other hand, obedience and righteousness go together. Happily you have escaped from sin, and taken service with righteousness. Service, I say, using a plain human figure to suit your imperfect and carnal apprehension of spiritual things. Exchange the service of uncleanness for that of righteousness. I appeal to your own experience. You found that sin brought you no pay from your master but death. Now you are started upon a road that leads to sanctification and eternal life. This will be given you, not as wages, but as the free gift of God in Christ.-(Ellicott's Commentary). BH

    Now, in contrast, they were free from sin’s tyranny because of their union with Christ. If they presented themselves as slaves to God voluntarily, they could anticipate the sweet fruit of progressive sanctification (holiness) and fullness of eternal life (cf. John 10:10John 17:3). Scripture speaks of eternal life as both the immediate and the ultimate product of progressive sanctification. Quality of life is involved as well as quantity.-(Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas). SL

    This is the other aspect of our participation in Christ, and it is even more important than the death to sin. To die to sin is but the necessary preliminary to the new life. By itself it is incomplete and ineffective. It is not death that can ever be in any form a desirable state, but only life, fulness of life, and it is because death of this kind promises fuller life that we pass through it.-(Hastings). BH    

    Sinners feel no obligation to righteousness, but neither do they get any satisfaction from sin. They get only disappointment, bondage and death (Romans 6:20, /21). Being a slave of God brings satisfaction and holiness in the present world, and the fulness of eternal life in the age to come (22-23).-(Bridgeway Bible Commentary). SL

ye have-ἔχετε (echete)-to have, (i.e. to hold)) your-ὑμῶν (humon)-of you, your) fruit-καρπὸν (karpon)-literally: fruit, (figuratively: result, outcome, deed)) unto-εἰς (eis)-into, to) holiness-ἁγιασμόν (hagiasmon)-separation, setting apart, (properly: purification, i.e. (the state) purity;  i.e. sanctification)),

    Your fruit ... meaning the holy and righteous deeds of Christians, is unto sanctification, meaning that it ends in sanctification, or produces sanctification, the true end, of course, as Paul stated, being "eternal life."-(Coffman Commentary). SL

    Now a completely different fruit appears from your life. This fruit does not bring about shame but joy. This fruit is sanctification. If you live as God’s slave, you live completely dedicated to God, turning your back on sin and the world. God is looking for this fruit of sanctification in your life. The more this fruit becomes visible, the more easily you will see the glorious end of the eternal life to be enjoyed perfectly when you’re in heaven.-(Kingcomments). SL

    ye have your fruit] The verb, by position, is emphatic. “You now have, what you then lacked, namely fruit; ‘your’ fruit, a real and happy profit and result from your new principle.” unto holiness] unto sanctification; see on Romans 6:19. The “fruit” amounted to, consisted in, a steady course of self-denial and conflict against sin.-(Cambridge BSC). BH

and-δὲ (de)-and) the end-τέλος (telos)-end, (i.e. (by implication) the conclusion of an act or state)) everlasting-αἰώνιον (aionion)-age-lasting, (i.e. eternal, for ever, everlasting)) life-ζωὴν (zoen)-life).:

    And the end - The final result - the ultimate consequence will be. At present this service produces holiness; hereafter it will terminate in everlasting life. By this consideration the apostle states the tendency of the plan of justification, and urges on them the duty of striving after holiness. Everlasting life - Note, John 3:36. This stands in contrast with the word "death" in Romans 6:21, and shows its meaning. "One is just as long in duration as the other;" and if the one is limited, the other is. If those who obey shall be blessed with life forever, those who disobey will be cursed with death forever. Never was there an antithesis more manifest and more clear. And there could not be a stronger proof that the word "death" in Romans 6:21, refers not to temporal death, but to eternal punishment.-(Barnes' Notes). BH

    This verse summarizes the previous thoughts in a few words. (Memorize it!) With sin, you get what you deserve. Everyone, without exception, deserves death. God offers the alternative to this. It cannot be earned. It is a gift of grace to which no right exists. This gift is “eternal life”! God gives it “in Jesus Christ our Lord”. Everything that God has given is in connection with the Lord Jesus. Through Him all blessings from God’s heart come to you. He has taken away all your hindrances and sees you in connection with Christ. For that reason, God can give you the great blessing of eternal life. Eternal life is the very life of Christ: He is “the true God and eternal life” (1 John 5:20).-(Kingcomments on the Whole Bible). SL

    If the fruit is unto holiness, if there is an active principle of true and growing grace, the end will be everlasting life; a very happy end! Though the way is up-hill, though it is narrow, thorny, and beset, yet everlasting life at the end of it is sure. The gift of God is eternal life. And this gift is through Jesus Christ our Lord. Christ purchased it, prepared it, prepares us for it, preserves us to it; he is the All in all in our salvation.-(Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary). BH

    Everlasting life is here viewed as the end of the wonderful story. In the writings of the Apostle John we find it presented as a present possession of the believer. There is no conflict between these two views of it. That which is ours now in its essence, will be ours in its full expanse when eternity is reached.-(F.B. Hole's Old and New Testament Commentary). SL

but-δὲ (de)-but, moreover) the gift-χάρισμα (charisma)-grace, favour, kindness, free gift) of-τοῦ (tou)-of the) God-Θεοῦ (Theou)-God, (God the Father:—the supreme Divinity)) is eternal-αἰώνιος (aionios)-age-lasting, (i.e. eternal, for ever, everlasting)) life-ζωὴ (zoe)-life), through-ἐν (en)-in) Jesus-Ἰησοῦ (Iesou)-the Son of God, the Saviour of mankind) Christ-Χριστῷ (Christo)-"anointed", the Son of God, (i.e. the Messiah, an epithet of Jesus:—Christ)) our-ἡμῶν (hemon)-our, of us) Lord-Κυρίῳ (Kurio)-Lord, Master, (supreme in authority, i.e. (as noun) controller; by implication: Master (as a respectful title)).:

 

    The gift of God is eternal life; he doth not say that eternal life is the wages of righteousness, but that it is the gracious or free gift of God. He varies the phrase on purpose, to show that we attain not eternal life by our own merits, our own works or worthiness, but by the gift or grace of God; for which cause he also addeth, through Jesus Christ our Lord.-(Matthew Poole's Commentary). BH

    through] Lit., and better, in. The “life eternal” is to be found only “in Him,” by those who “come to Him.” His work is the one meritorious cause; and in His hands also is the actual gift. (John 17:2, /3).-(Cambridge BSC). BH

    But the gift of God is eternal life — A man may MERIT hell, but he cannot MERIT heaven. The apostle does not say that the wages of righteousness is eternal life: no, but that this eternal life, even to the righteous, is το χαρισμα του θεου, THE gracious GIFT of GOD. And even this gracious gift comes through Jesus Christ our Lord. He alone has procured it; and it is given to all those who find redemption in his blood. A sinner goes to hell because he deserves it; a righteous man goes to heaven because Christ has died for him, and communicated that grace by which his sin is pardoned and his soul made holy. The word οψωνια, which we here render wages, signified the daily pay of a Roman soldier. So every sinner has a daily pay, and this pay is death; he has misery because he sins. Sin constitutes hell; the sinner has a hell in his own bosom; all is confusion and disorder where God does not reign: every indulgence of sinful passions increases the disorder, and consequently the misery of a sinner.-(Adam Clarke Commentary). SL 

    We see from the preceding that all sinners are Satan’s slaves, who may deluge them with the alluring promises of the good things in this life, at the same time flattering them that they will get saved before they die and reach heaven after enjoying all the pleasures of sin. No man can pay what he does not possess. Satan has nothing but sin, misery, disgrace, death and damnation. Hence he invariably, in the end, pays off his servants with his own currency, giving them disappointment, wretchedness and remorse in this life and a burning hell through all eternity. God’s people, when saved to the uttermost, are free as angels, enjoying the glorious liberty of God Himself, qualifying them to do everything good and nothing bad. The greatest desire of the immortal soul is eternal life. This we have in our wonderful Savior, without money and without price; while Satan pays off his poor slaves with death, not simply the fleeting, evanescent death of the body, but that of the soul, which never dieth, though dying on through all eternity.-(William Godbey's Commentary). SL

    'Wages of sin' -Sin pays its wages in full with no cut. (Robertson p. 365); 'Sin pays its serfs by punishing them' (Vincent p. 73). Those who participate in sin EARN eternal destruction. The only thing they 'deserve' is eternal separation from God. 'Free gift of God' -after all the obedience of a lifetime, after a life of faithful service, after a life of seeking God's will, after a life of helping others, after a life of teaching others the truth, after a lifetime of worship, eternal life is STILL A FREE GIFT. We will never have earned this. ( Luk_17:10 ).-(Mark Dunagan). SL









 

 

Scrivener's Textus Receptus 1894
μάρτυς γάρ μου ἐστιν ὁ Θεός, ὡς ἐπιποθῶ πάντας ὑμᾶς ἐν σπλάγχνοις Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ. 9 καὶ τοῦτο προσεύχομαι, ἵνα ἀγάπη ὑμῶν ἔτι μᾶλλον καὶ μᾶλλον περισσεύῃ ἐν ἐπιγνώσει καὶ πάσῃ αἰσθήσει10 εἰς τὸ δοκιμάζειν ὑμᾶς τὰ διαφέροντα, ἵνα ἦτε εἰλικρινεῖς καὶ ἀπρόσκοποι εἰς ἡμέραν Χριστοῦ11 πεπληρωμένοι καρπῶν δικαιοσύνης τῶν διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, εἰς δόξαν καὶ ἔπαινον Θεοῦ.

Philippians 1:8-11   

8 “For God is my record, how greatly I long after you all, in the bowels of Jesus Christ. 9 And-καὶ (kai)-and) this-τοῦτο (touto)-this (thing)) I pray-προσεύχομαι (proseuchomai)-to pray or wish for, (i.e. to pray to God)), that-ἵνα (hina)-that, so that, in order that) your-ὑμῶν (humon)-of (from or concerning) you:—ye, you, your (own, -selves)) love-ἀγάπη (agape)-love, (i.e. affection, good will, love, benevolence)) may abound-περισσεύῃ (perisseue)-to be over and above, exceed, (i.e. be in abundance)) yet-ἔτι (eti)-yet, still) more-μᾶλλον (mallon)-more, rather) and-καὶ (kai)-and, even, also) more-μᾶλλον (mallon)-more, rather) in-ἐν (en)-in) *knowledge-ἐπιγνώσει (epignosei)-full knowledge, (by implication: full discernment, acknowledgement:—(ac-)knowledge(-ing, - ment)), and-καὶ (kai)-and, even, also) in all-πάσῃ (pase)-every, all) //judgment-αἰσθήσει (aisthesei)-perception, sense, intelligence, (i.e. figuratively: discernment:—judgment)) (Or, sence). 10 That-εἰς τὸ (eis to)-with the view to) ye-ὑμᾶς (humas)-you:—plural) *may //approve-δοκιμάζειν (dokimasein)-to test, make proof of, (by implication: to approve:— discern, examine, try)) (Or, trie) things that //are excellent-τὰ διαφέροντα (ta diapheronta)-things that differ, are pre-eminent) (Or, differ), that-ἵνα (hina)-that, so that, in order that) ye may be-ἦτε (ete)-may be, should be) *sincere-εἰλικρινεῖς (eilikrineis)-sincere, unsullied, pure), and-καὶ (kai)-and, also) *without offence-ἀπρόσκοποι (aproskopoi)-not causing to stumble) till-εἰς (eis)-into) the day-ἡμέραν (hemeran)-day, (of the last day of the present age)) of Christ-Χριστοῦ (Christou)-"anointed", (i.e. the Messiah, an epithet of Jesus:—Christ)). 11 *Being filled-πεπληρωμένοι (pepleromenoi)-to fill up, make full, (i.e. to fill to the full)) *with the fruits-καρπῶν (karpon)-fruit, (figuratively: work, act, deed, result, outcome)) *of righteousness-δικαιοσύνης (dikaiosunes)-rightness, justice, (i.e. equity (of character or act)), which-τῶν (ton)-of the) are by-διὰ (dia)-through, by means of) Jesus-Ἰησοῦ (Iesou)-the Son of God, the Saviour of mankind)) Christ-Χριστοῦ (Chrstou)-"anointed", (i.e. the Messiah, an epithet of Jesus:—Christ)) unto-εἰς (eis)-into) the glory-δόξαν (doxan)-glory, (i.e. honor)) and-καὶ (kai)-and, also, even) praise-ἔπαινον (epainon)-praise, commendation) of God-Θεοῦ (Theou)-God, (God the Father:—the supreme Divinity))."

Example of Greek word:

  • *ἐπιγνώσει (epignosei)-knowledge click: Philemon 1:6  (acknowledging)

  • *δοκιμάζειν (dokimasein)-may approve click: Romans 12:2 

  • *G1506: (εἰλικρινεῖς-sincere) click: 2 Peter 3:1 (εἰλικρινῆ-pure)

  • *ἀπρόσκοποι (aproskopoi)-without offence click: 1 Corinthians 10:32 (none offence)

  • *πεπληρωμένοι (pepleromenoi)-Being filled click: Romans 15:14 (filled)

  • *καρπῶν (karpon)-with the fruits click: Matthew 7:16 (fruits) 

  • *δικαιοσύνης (dikaiosunes)-of righteousness click: 2 Peter 2:5

  • *ἔπαινον (epainon)-praise click: Ephesians 1:6 (the praise)

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Greek Interlinear:

  • is-ἐστιν: Verb, Present, (No voice stated), Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular: For God ["IS"] my record, how

  • greatly I long after-ἐπιποθῶ: Verb, Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular: ["I-AM-ON-LONGING"//"I-am-longing-for"] you all, in the bowels of Jesus ChristAnd this

  • I pray-προσεύχομαι: Verb, Present, Middle or Passive Deponent, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular: ["I-AM-prayING"], that your love

  • may abound-περισσεύῃ: Verb, Present, Active, Subjunctive, 3rd Person, Singular: ["MAY-BE-exceedING//"may-be-superabounding"] yet more and more in knowledge, and in all judgment. That ye

  • may approve-δοκιμάζειν: Verb, Present, Active, Infinitive: ["TO-BE-testING"]  things that are excellent, that

  • ye may be-ἦτε: Verb, Present, (No voice stated), Subjunctive, 2nd Person, Plural: ["YE-MAY-BE"] sincere, and without offence till the day of Christ.

  • Being filled-πεπληρωμένοι: Verb, Perfect, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine: ["HAVING-been-FILLED"//"filled"] with the fruits of righteousness, which are by Jesus Christ unto the glory and praise of God.

Punctuation Comparison:

1611 AV

8 For God is my record, how greatly I long after you all, in the bowels of Iesus Christ9 And this I pray, that your loue may abound yet more & more in knowledge, and in all iudgmen. 10 That ye may approue things that are excellent, that ye may be sincere, and without offence till the day of Christ. 11 Being filled with the fruites of righteousnesse, which are by Iesus Christ vnto the glory and praise of God.

 

1769 KJV

8 For God is my record, how greatly I long after you all in the bowels of Jesus Christ9 And this I pray, that your love may abound yet more and more in knowledge and in all judgment; 10 That ye may approve things that are excellent; that ye may be sincere and without offence till the day of Christ; 11 Being filled with the fruits of righteousness, which are by Jesus Christ, unto the glory and praise of God.

Commentaries:

And-καὶ (kai)-and) this-τοῦτο (touto)-this (thing)) I pray-προσεύχομαι (proseuchomai)-to pray or wish for, (i.e. to pray to God))that-ἵνα (hina)-that, so that, in order that) your-ὑμῶν (humon)-of (from or concerning) you:—ye, you, your (own, -selves)) love-ἀγάπη (agape)-love, (i.e. affection, good will, love, benevolence)) may abound-περισσεύῃ (perisseue)-to be over and above, exceed, (i.e. be in abundance)) yet-ἔτι (eti)-yet, still) more-μᾶλλον (mallon)-more, rather) and-καὶ (kai)-and, even, also) more-μᾶλλον (mallon)-more, rather) in-ἐν (en)-in) knowledge-ἐπιγνώσει (epignosei)-full knowledge, (by implication: full discernment, acknowledgement:—(ac-)knowledge(-ing, - ment)), and-καὶ (kai)-and, even, also) in all-πάσῃ (pase)-every, all) //judgment-αἰσθήσει (aisthesei)-perception, sense, intelligence, (i.e. figuratively: discernment:—judgment)) (Or, sence).:

    Paul prayed for the Philippians. He first called God as a witness to his love for them, which was like Christ's love (Compare 1Co_11:1 ). He then prayed that their love might abound. This word "love" comes from the Greek word agape ( Mat_5:43-48 ). It is a love which desires the best for others ( Rom_15:2 ; Rom_13:8-10 ; Gal_6:10 ). Paul wanted that love to continue to abound. Max Hughes wrote a study guide on this book in which he suggested the word "abound" actually "signifies running over, wave upon wave".-(Gary Hampton Commentary). SL

    I pray that your love may abound yet more and more, in knowledge, and in all judgment. Love is put first here, as being the first of all the graces; for he that loveth not, knoweth not God. As we advance in knowledge of divine things, we ought to have more love to God, to his word, and to his people. As we grow in the knowledge of Christ, our judgment will improve to direct and govern our affections, and to perfect in us every grace until the day of Christ. The apostle also prays that they might be sincere, and without offence, to the end of their course, and be filled with all the fruits of righteousness to the glory of God. What delight, what care, what devotion did this most blessed man evince towards the saints at Philippi. If he should die, no matter to what death he might be sentenced; his sole concern was that the churches might live.-(Sutcliffe's Commentary). SL

    And this I pray - We pray for those whom we love, and whose welfare we seek. We desire their happiness; and there is no way more appropriate of expressing that desire than of going to God, and seeking it at his hand. Paul proceeds to enumerate the blessings which he sought for them; and it is worthy of observation that he did not ask riches, or worldly prosperity, but that his supplications were confined to spiritual blessings, and he sought these as the most desirable of all favors. That your love may abound ... - Love to God; love to one another; love to absent Christians; love to the world. This is an appropriate subject of prayer. We cannot wish and pray for a better thing for our Christian friends, than that they may abound in love. Nothing will promote their welfare like this; and we had better pray for this, than that they may obtain abundant riches, and share the honors and pleasures of the world. In knowledge - The idea is, that he wished them to have intelligent affection. It should not be mere blind affection, but that intelligent love which is based on an enlarged view of divine things - on a just apprehension of the claims of God. And in all judgment - Margin, "sense;" compare the notes at Hebrews 5:14. The word here means, the power of discerning; and the meaning is, that he wished that their love should be exercised with proper discrimination. It should be in proportion to the relative value of objects; and the meaning of the whole is, that the wished their religion to be intelligent and discriminating; to be based on knowledge, and a proper sense of the relative value of objects, as well as to be the tender affection of the heart.-(Barnes' Notes on the Bible). BH

    “That your love”: For God and others ( Mat_22:37, /38, /39 ). “May abound”: To superabound, be in excess, and excel. “Present active subjunctive may keep on overflowing” (Robertson p. 437). ‘Yet more and more”: “Grow yet stronger and stronger” (TCNT). “It is interesting to note that Paul does not qualify or limit this love for which he prays by adding an object to it--it is not love for others, nor for each other, nor yet their love for him (merely). In effect, Paul prays that the Philippians increasingly may be persons characterized by love, even as God their Father, is himself characterized by love (cf. 1Jn_4:8 ). Paul knows that if the love they already possess increases steadily and continues to abound it will overflow into deeds of kindness; wrong attitudes and actions toward each other will disappear and the problems at Philippi will be resolved ( Philippians 2:3, /4; Philippians 4:2, /3)” (Hawthorne pp. 25-26). Paul expects steady growth among Christians. No bare minimum service here! ( 1Co_15:58 ; 1Th_4:10 “But we urge you, brethren, to excel still more”; 2Pe_1:8 ; 2Pe_3:18 ).-(Mark Dunagan). SL 

     This I pray — This is the substance of all my prayers for you, that your love to God, to one another, and to all mankind, may abound yet more and more, ετι μαλλον και μαλλον περισσευη, that it may be like a river, perpetually fed with rain and fresh streams so that it continues to swell and increase till it fills all its banks, and floods the adjacent plains. In knowledge — Of God's nature, perfections, your own duty and interest, his work upon your souls, and his great designs in the Gospel. And in all judgment — Και πασῃ αισθησει· In all spiritual or moral feeling; that you may at once have the clearest perception and the fullest enjoyment of those things which concern your salvation; that ye may not only know but feel that you are of God, by the Spirit which he has given you; and that your feeling may become more exercised in Divine things, so that it may he increasingly sensible and refined.-(Adam Clarke Commentary). SL

    Now, Paul said he thanked God for the fellowship that they had together, but he also prayed for them, and this is Paul's prayer: that their love may abound more and more in all knowledge. You know that there is a phrase, to know Him is to love Him. The reason why Jesus said, "Learn of Me,"-[(Matthew 11:29)] is that He wants you to know how much He loves you. Learn of Him, learn of how much He loves you, because Jesus knows the more you know Him, the more you will know His love for you and the more you know His love for you, the more response you will have towards that love in your loving Him. So that you might abound more and more in that love of Christ as you gain the knowledge of that love.-(Chuck Smith). SL

    

That-εἰς τὸ (eis to)-with the view to) ye-ὑμᾶς (humas)-you:—plural) may //approve-δοκιμάζειν (dokimasein)-to test, make proof of, (by implication: to approve:— discern, examine, try)) (Or, trie) things that //are excellent-τὰ διαφέροντα (ta diapheronta)-things that differ, are pre-eminent) (Or, differ),

    That ye may approve things that are excellent,.... Or "try things that differ". There are some things that differ one from other; as morality and grace, earthly things, and heavenly things, carnal and spiritual, temporal and eternal things, law and Gospel, the doctrines of men, and the doctrines of Christ; all which differ as much as chaff and wheat, as gold, silver, precious stones, and wood, hay, stubble. These are to be tried and proved; they are not to be received without distinction, but should be examined, which is right and best to be chosen and preferred; and to such trial and examination it is necessary that a man should be transformed, by the renewing of his mind-[(Romans 12:2)], that he should have spiritual light, knowledge, and experience, have his spiritual senses exercised to discern the difference of things, and also the guidance, direction, and influence of the Spirit of God:. . ."-(Gill's Exposition). BH

    Paul did not want their love to be misdirected, so he further prayed their love would grow in knowledge of God's will. Their knowledge needed to develop so they could understand the difference between right and wrong ( Php_1:8, /9 ). All Christians should grow in knowledge so that they can teach others. The Hebrew writer was concerned because those brethren had not grown into teaching. They were still like babies feeding on the milk of the word. "For everyone who partakes only of milk is unskilled in the word of righteousness, for he is a babe. But solid food belongs to those who are of full age, that is, those who by reason of use have their senses exercised to discern both good and evil" ( Heb_5:12-14 ).-(Gary Hampton Commentary). SL

    “Approve”: To discern, examine, prove. “This may mean either ‘to test or examine, to prove by testing’ as one would assay metals or test the genuineness of coins or ‘to accept as proved’ hence ‘to approve’”  (Hawthorne p. 27). “Present tense; keep on putting to the test” (Jackson p. 26). Often the Christian is commanded to "approve" (test, examine) certain things ( 1Th_5:21, /22 ; 1Jn_4:1 ; 2Co_8:8 ; 2Co_13:5 ). “It goes without saying that all ‘testing’ is to be done in the light of the inspired biblical documents!” (Jackson p. 26).-(Mark Dunagan). SL

     Love directed by knowledge and discernment is necessary to “approve the things that are excellent”. You see how everything is viewed positively. To approve what is excellent is quite different to avoiding what is evil or spasmodically trying not to sin. To approve means to examine closely and carefully whether something is genuine and to make a decision based on this examination. It is an examination to check if a thing is worthy to be believed.-(Kingcomments on the Whole Bible). SL 

    The first clause in Philippians 1:10-”That ye may approve things that are excellent”-is sometimes translated, “That ye may try the things that differ.” The meaning is practically the same, for by testing things that differ, we approve what is excellent. The test is the Word of God. That Word is given to test all things and to manifest what is truly excellent. The Word explains to the believer how he should walk so that he can please God and be sincere and blameless in the day of Christ.-(Ironside's Notes). SL

    that ye may approve- Greek, εις το δοκιμαζειν , that ye may try, or prove by experience; things that are excellent- Not only that are good, but the very best; the superior excellence of which is hardly discerned but by the adult Christian. The original expression, τα διαφεροντα , is, literally, the things that differ: that you may discern the real difference which there is in things, namely, in matters of doctrine, experience, and practice; how truth differs from, and how much it excels error; how much fervency of spirit, a life of entire devotedness to God, and continual, persevering diligence in the work of faith, patience of hope, and labour of love, differs from and excels lukewarmness of heart, negligence of life, sloth, indolence, and the being weary of well-doing;-(Joseph Benson's Commentary). SL

     I pray that your love may abound yet more and more, in knowledge, and in all judgment. Love is put first here, as being the first of all the graces; for he that loveth not, knoweth not God. As we advance in knowledge of divine things, we ought to have more love to God, to his word, and to his people. As we grow in the knowledge of Christ, our judgment will improve to direct and govern our affections, and to perfect in us every grace until the day of Christ. The apostle also prays that they might be sincere, and without offence, to the end of their course, and be filled with all the fruits of righteousness to the glory of God. What delight, what care, what devotion did this most blessed man evince towards the saints at Philippi. If he should die, no matter to what death he might be sentenced; his sole concern was that the churches might live.-(Sutcliffe's Commentary). SL

    

that-ἵνα (hina)-that, so that, in order that) ye may be-ἦτε (ete)-may be, should be) sincere-εἰλικρινεῖς (eilikrineis)-sincere, unsullied, pure), and-καὶ (kai)-and, also) without offence-ἀπρόσκοποι (aproskopoi)-not causing to stumble) till-εἰς (eis)-into) the day-ἡμέραν (hemeran)-day, (of the last day of the present age)) of Christ-Χριστοῦ (Christou)-"anointed", (i.e. the Messiah, an epithet of Jesus:—Christ)).:

    “That ye may be”: Here is another positive benefit of such discerning and intelligent love. When Christians get mixed up on what is really important, when they start "swallowing camels and straining at gnats" ( Mat_23:23, /24 ), they cease to be blameless. They become stumbling-blocks to those who are trying to find the truth. “The prayer, then, is that the Philippians, their faculties having been trained to prefer the good to the evil, and the essential to the trivial” (Hendriksen p. 61). “Sincere”: Judged by sunlight, tested as genuine, and pure. “People who are genuine through and through” (Lenski p. 719). “Transparency of character or perfect openness towards God” (Erdman p. 53). “Paul's goal for the Philippians is that they may be people of sincerity, honesty, cleanness of mind, who live lives that are transparent before God and other people” (Hawthorne p. 28). “Void of offence”:  “Blameless” (NASV). “Not causing others to stumble” (Robertson p. 437). Or without causing yourself to stumble. “It pictures either a person who carefully avoids putting anything in another's way that would cause that person to trip and fall, or one who is equally careful to avoid tripping over obstacles that may be placed in his own way” (Hawthorne p. 28). “Unto the day of Christ”: The judgment day. Intelligent love enables one to live in such a way that one does not turn other people off from the truth or lead them astray. One cannot stand blameless at the judgment, if one is not striving for such now. “They cannot be so on that day unless they lead pure and blameless lives here and now” (Bruce p. 37).-(Mark Dunagan). SL

    Sincere ... It has often been pointed out that this word is derived from two Latin words, "sin"-(without) and "cere"-(wax). Italian marble vendors and certain merchants of porcelain fell into the habit of hiding flaws in their merchandise by filling cracks and blemishes with a certain kind of wax; but the more reputable dealers advertised their wares as sin/cere (without wax); and from this derived the meaning of the English word "sincere." The true meaning of it is "without deception" or "without hypocrisy." Unto the day of Christ ... This is another reference to the judgment and final advent of Jesus our Lord.-(Coffman Commentary). SL

​    That ye may be sincere - The word properly means, "that which is judged in sunshine" εἵλῃ κρίνω heilē krinō; and then "that which is clear and manifest." It is that over which there are no clouds; which is not doubtful and dark; which is pure and bright. The word "sincere" means literally without wax (sine cera); that is, honey which is pure and transparent. Applied to Christian character, it means that which is not deceitful, ambiguous, hypocritical; that which is not mingled with error, worldliness, and sin; that which does not proceed from selfish and interested motives, and where there is nothing disguised. There is no more desirable appellation that can be given to a man than to say that he is sincere - a sincere friend, benefactor, Christian; and there is nothing more lovely in the character of a Christian than sincerity.-(Barnes' Notes on the Bible). BH

    There is a false sincerity which is a compound of ignorance and obstinacy. The heathen may be devout and sincere in his idolatry, but he is a heathen still. The Mahometan may be devout and sincere in his worship of the one God, but he rejects the Christ who is the source and substance of all true religion. The sceptic may be devout and earnest in his investigation of the facts of the universe; but he ignores the great moral truths on which he stumbles in the course of his inquiries, and refuses to accept and be influenced by them. There is no craze of the wildest fanatic that may not be adopted as an article of faith, if apparent sincerity is to be the test of its genuineness. The fact is, a man may be sincere, but grossly mistaken. A sincere heart is that through which the light of God shines, unimpeded-[(def. not obstructed or hindered)] by duplicity-[(def. deceitfulness; double-dealing)] and sin, and is a condition of heart obtained only by living much in the presence and the light of God.-(Preacher's Complete Homiletical). SL

    The Anglicized Latin word “sincere,” which literally means “without wax,” was used to translate a Greek word meaning “sun-tested” (Philippians 1:10). It might seem at first as though there is no connection between the Greek and Latin terms, but there is. The ancients had a very fine porcelain, which was greatly valued and brought a high price. This porcelain was so fragile that it was only with the greatest difficulty that it could be fired without being cracked. Dishonest dealers were in the habit of filling in the cracks with a pearly-white wax, which looked enough like true porcelain to pass without being readily detected in the shops. If the ware was held to the light, however, the wax at once became apparent as a dark seam. Honest Latin dealers marked their perfect wares sine cera, “without wax.” In the same manner the apostle would have the saints tested by the sunlight of God’s truth and holiness, and found to be without wax; that is, he would have them be straightforward and honorable in all their dealings. Anything that savors of sham or hypocrisy is like the wax used to hide imperfections in the porcelain. “Without offence” (or “blameless” as in Philippians 2:15) refers to motive, I take it. “Without offence” is not the same as “sinless,” which would imply complete moral perfection. Blamelessness implies right motives.-(Ironside's Notes). SL

Being filled-πεπληρωμένοι (pepleromenoi)-to fill up, make full, (i.e. to fill to the full)) with the fruits-καρπῶν (karpon)-fruit, (figuratively: work, act, deed, result, outcome)) of righteousness-δικαιοσύνης (dikaiosunes)-rightness, justice, (i.e. equity (of character or act)), which-τῶν (ton)-of the) are by-διὰ (dia)-through, by means of) Jesus-Ἰησοῦ (Iesou)-the Son of God, the Saviour of mankind)) Christ-Χριστοῦ (Chrstou)-"anointed", (i.e. the Messiah, an epithet of Jesus:—Christ)) unto-εἰς (eis)-into) the glory-δόξαν (doxan)-glory, (i.e. honor)) and-καὶ (kai)-and, also, even) praise-ἔπαινον (epainon)-praise, commendation) of God-Θεοῦ (Theou)-God, (God the Father:—the supreme Divinity)).:

    “Being filled”: Here is another positive result of such intelligent love. “The Philippians are now graphically pictured as trees loaded down with, bearing a full crop of good fruit” (Hawthorne p. 29). Being filled suggests an abundance of fruit, again the idea of "bare minimum service" is found to be a false doctrine. See ( Psa_1:3 ; Jer_17:5-8 ; Joh_15:2-6 ). “Fruits of righteousness”: Compare with the fruit of the Spirit ( Gal_5:22, /23 ), see also Jam_3:18 . “Such a pure and faultless character will naturally express itself in deeds of helpfulness and service. Fruitful lives should be the visible outcome of wise and discerning love” (Erdman p. 54). The inference is that we must be bearing such fruit now if we are to stand approved before God at the last day (1:10). “Which are through Jesus Christ”: This infers that such conduct is not possible by unaided human reason. “Unto the glory and praise of God”: The ultimate purpose in living the Christian life ( Mat_5:16 ; Ecc_12:12, /13 ). “God must be magnified. His virtues must be extolled”  (Hendriksen p. 63). Thus the "good church" is that congregation committed to the exaltation and praise of God and not individual personalities. God is glorified when we are motivated by an intelligent love and the results or fruit of such are seen in our lives. Unfruitful Christians don't glorify God, rather they are the best ammunition against the Church that the secular world has.-(Mark Dunagan). SL

 

    Being filled with the fruits of righteousness - That which righteousness in the heart produces. The fruits, or results, will be seen in the life; and those fruits are - honesty, truth, charity, kindness, meekness, goodness. The wish of the apostle is, that they might show abundantly by their lives that they were truly righteous. He does not refer to liberality merely, but to everything which true piety in the heart is fitted to produce in the life.-(Barnes' Notes on the Bible). BH

    Fruits of righteousness ... As Knight observed, "This righteousness is that by Jesus Christ in contrast to that which is by the law (Philippians 3:9).[28] In order, therefore, to have fruit of that righteousness, the believer must be "in Christ," identified with him. See under Philippians 3:9.-(Coffman Commentary). SL

    This verse modifies the last half of Philippians 1:10.-[("...that ye may be sincere and without offence till the day of Christ;”)] The only way we will be able to stand before God sincere and blameless is if we allow the Holy Spirit to control us. If we do, He will fill our lives with the fruit that is the product of His righteousness (Galatians_5:22, /23). This righteousness and its fruit come to us through Jesus Christ, not as a result of our own good deeds. Therefore all the glory and praise for our righteousness, our fruit, and hopefully our flawless and blameless condition at the judgment seat of Christ, goes to God. He is the ultimate source of it all (cf. Ephesians 1:6Ephesians 1:12Ephesians 1:14). "The growing-point for the Christian, as Paul discerns it, is love, a seed from which he anticipates vigorous growth as it abounds more and more. Its upthrusting shoots are received and held by two stakes, knowledge and all discernment, and under their control begin to put forth leaves and blossoms: first the distinctive life-style of the Christian as we approve what is excellent and then, at the very heart of this life-style, the fair blossom of holiness in both the inner person (pure) and the outer behaviour (blameless). Finally there is the perfected fruit, a righteousness adequate even for the great Day itself." [Note: Motyer, p. 53.]-(Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas). SL

    A life without ulterior or impure motive is rare but not impossible. Anyone can achieve this, in whose life Christ takes the first and the only place. Such life will be like a tree which is full of fruits. It has its roots in Jesus Christ. It draws its life’s nourishment from Him. The fruit consists of everything in life of which we say, it is righteous (Ephesians 5:9Galatians 5:22). That refers to everything you say and do. Unjust acts are not there. You give everyone his due, and you are honest in your evaluation of God’s people and others and in judging words, events and actions. This is possible only “through Jesus Christ”. All what you do, the whole “fruit of righteousness”, is to “to the glory and praise of God” now as well as at the appearance of Jesus Christ, and to all eternity. The fruit of righteousness was found in the life of the Lord Jesus Christ in its fullness. Everything He did was a fruit which was characterized by righteousness, the right of God. His whole conduct was a righteous conduct.-(Kingcomments). SL

    Being filled with the fruits of righteousness, which are through Jesus Christ, to the glory and praise of God — Here are three properties of that sincerity which is acceptable to God: 1. It must bear fruits, the fruits of righteousness, all inward and outward holiness, all good tempers, words, and works; and that so abundantly, that we may be filled with them 2. The branch and the fruits must derive both their virtue and their very being from the all - supporting, all - supplying root, Jesus Christ 3. As all these flow from the grace of Christ, so they must issue in the glory and praise of God.-(Wesley's Explanatory Notes). SL

    Being filled with the fruits of righteousness — By righteousness we may understand, here, the whole work of the Spirit of God, in the soul of a believer; and by the fruits of righteousness, all holy tempers, holy words, and right actions. And with these they are to be filled, πεπληρωμενοι, filled up, filled full; the whole soul and life occupied with them, ever doing something by which glory is brought to God, or good done to man. By Jesus Christ — That is, according to his doctrine, through the power of his grace, and by the agency of his Spirit. Unto the glory and praise of God. — God being honoured when the work of his grace thus appears to men in the fruits of righteousness; and God is praised by all the faithful when his work thus appears. Every genuine follower of God has his glory in view by all that he does, says, or intends. He loves to glorify God, and he glorifies him by showing forth in his conversion the glorious working of the glorious power of the Lord.-(Adam Clarke Commentary). SL

Hebrews 12-11.jpg

Scrivener's Textus Receptus 1894
11 πᾶσα δὲ παιδεία πρὸς μὲν τὸ παρὸν οὐ δοκεῖ χαρᾶς εἶναι, ἀλλὰ λύπης· ὕστερον δὲ καρπὸν εἰρηνικὸν τοῖς δι’ αὐτῆς γεγυμνασμένοις ἀποδίδωσι δικαιοσύνης12 διὸ τὰς παρειμένας χεῖρας καὶ τὰ παραλελυμένα γόνατα ἀνορθώσατε·13 καὶ τροχιὰς ὀρθὰς ποιήσατε τοῖς ποσὶν ὑμῶν, ἵνα μὴ τὸ χωλὸν ἐκτραπῇ, ἰαθῇ δὲ μᾶλλον.

Hebrews 12:11-13

11 Now-δὲ (de)-yet, now) no-πᾶσα οὐ (pasa ou)-not any by any means)  *chastening-παιδεία (paideia)-tutorage, instruction (i.e. education or training; by implication: disciplinary correction:—chastening, chastisement, instruction)) for-πρὸς μὲν (pros men)-toward indeed) the-τὸ (to)-the) present-παρὸν (paron)-to be alongside, (i.e. the present)) seemeth-δοκεῖ (dokei)-to seem good, think, suppose) to be-εἶναι (einai)-to be, be) *joyous-χαρᾶς (charas)-of joy, cheerfulness, (i.e. calm delight:—gladness)), but-ἀλλὰ (alla)-but) grievous-λύπης (lupes)-of grief, (sadness:—grief, heaviness, sorrow)): nevertheless-δὲ (de)-but, moreover, yet), afterward-ὕστερον (husteron)-afterwards, (i.e. later, then, thereafter)) it yieldeth-ἀποδίδωσι (apodidosi)-to give off, away, or off) *the peaceable-εἰρηνικὸν (eirenikon)-peaceable, (i.e. peaceful, salutary)) fruit-καρπὸν (karpon)-fruit, (figuratively: work, act, deed, result, outcome)) of righteousness-δικαιοσύνης (dikaiosunes)-rightness, justice, (i.e. equity (of character or act)), unto them-τοῖς (tois)-to the ones) *which are exercised-γεγυμνασμένοις (gegumnasmenois)-to use exercise, train up) thereby-δι αὐτῆς (di autes)-through this). 12 Wherefore lift up-ἀνορθώσατε (anorthosate)-to set up right again, (to straighten up:—lift (set) up, make straight)) the hands which hang down-παρειμένας (pareimenas)-to let down beside, (i.e. relaxed, unstrung, weakened, drooping, loosen)), and the feeble-παραλελυμένα (paralelumena)-to loose, disjoin, (to loosen beside, i.e. relax (perfect-passive-participle: paralyzed or enfeebled)) knees. 13 And-καὶ (kai)-and, also) make-ποιήσατε (poiesate)-to make)  //straight-ὀρθὰς (orthas)-upright, erect, straight) (Or, even) paths-τροχιὰς (trochias)-a track, (i.e. course, way)) for your-ὑμῶν (humon)-of (from or concerning) you:—ye, you, your (own, -selves) feet-ποσὶν (posin)-a foot), lest that-ἵνα μὴ (hina me)-that not) which is lame-χωλὸν (cholon)-lame, (apparently a primary word; "halt", i.e. limping:—cripple, halt, lame)) *be turned out of the way-ἐκτραπῇ (ektrape)-to turn or twist, (to deflect, i.e. turn away (literally or figuratively):—avoid, turn (aside, out of the way))but-δὲ (de)-yet) let it rather-μᾶλλον (mallon)-rather, the (more)) be healed-ἰαθῇ (iathe)-to heal (literally or figuratively):—heal, make whole)).

Example of Greek word:

  • *G3809: (παιδεία-chastening) click: Ephesians 6:4 (παιδείᾳ-the nurture) 

  • *χαρᾶς (charas)-joyous click: Hebrews 12:2 (the joy)

  • *λύπης (lupes)-grievous click: 2 Cor 9:7 (grudgingly) 

  • *G1516: (εἰρηνικὸν-the peaceable) click: James 3:17 (εἰρηνική-peaceable)

  • *G1128: (γεγυμνασμένοις-which are exercised) click: Heb 5:14 (γεγυμνασμένα-exercised)

  • *G1624: (ἐκτραπῇ-be turned out of the way) click: 2 Tim 4:4 (ἐκτραπήσονται-shall be turned)

 

Greek Interlinear:

  • present-παρὸν: Verb, Present, (No voice stated), Participle, Accusative, Singular, Neuter: Now no chastening for the ["present"] 

  • seemeth-δοκεῖ: Verb, Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular: ["IS-SEEMING"]

  • to be-εἶναι: Verb, Present, (No voice stated), Infinitive: ["TO-BE"] joyous, but grievous: nevertheless, afterward

  • it yieldeth-ἀποδίδωσιν: Verb, Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular: ["it-is-rendering"//"IS-FROM-GIVING"] the peaceable fruit of righteousness, unto them

  • which are exercised-γεγυμνασμένοις: Verb, Perfect, Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine: ["HAVING-been-exercisED"] thereby. Wherefore

  • lift up-ἀνορθώσατε: Verb, Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person, Plural: ["UP-ERECT-YE"//"stiffen-ye!"] the hands

  • which hang down-παρειμένας: Verb, Perfect, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Feminine: ["BESIDE-LETTING"//"being-flaccid"], and the

  • feeble-παραλελυμένα: Verb, Perfect, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Neuter: ["HAVING-been-paralyzED"] knees. And

  • make-ποιήσατε: Verb, Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person, Plural: ["make-YE"//"make-ye!"] straight paths for your feet, lest that which is lame

  • be turned out of the way-ἐκτραπῇ: Verb, Second-Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive, 3rd Person, Singular:["MAY-BE-OUT-REVERTING"//"may-be-turning-aside"], but 

  • let it be healed-ἰαθῇ: Verb, Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive, 3rd Person, Singular: ["MAY-BE-BEING-HEALED"] rather. 

Now-δὲ (de)-yet, now) no-πᾶσα οὐ (pasa ou)-not any by any means) chastening-παιδεία (paideia)-tutorage, instruction (i.e. education or training; by implication: disciplinary correction:—chastening, chastisement, instruction)) for-πρὸς μὲν (pros men)-toward indeed) the-τὸ (to)-the) present-παρὸν (paron)-to be alongside, (i.e. the present)) seemeth-δοκεῖ (dokei)-to seem good, think, suppose) to be-εἶναι (einai)-to be, be) joyous-χαρᾶς (charas)-of joy, cheerfulness, (i.e. calm delight:—gladness)), but-ἀλλὰ (alla)-but) grievous-λύπης (lupes)-of grief, (sadness:—grief, heaviness, sorrow)):

    Several things appear here. The chastening of God is not expected to be a pleasant or delightful experience, but "grievous," its purpose being to "exercise" the believer by forcing him to adapt to straitened, hazardous, painful, sorrowful, or discouraging circumstances; and its purpose being the ennoblement of spiritual life, the strengthening of character, and the enhancing of the prospect of eternal life. The most wonderful people on earth are those who have passed through the chastening experiences of life, whose faith, love, and understanding and sympathy are grounded in the true love of God and man; and whose lives, as a result, have been expanded and beautified.-(Coffman Commentaries). SL

    No chastening for the present seemeth to be joyous — Neither correction, wholesome restraint, domestic regulations, nor gymnastic discipline, are pleasant to them that are thus exercised; but it is by these means that obedient children, scholars, and great men are made. And it is by God's discipline that Christians are made. He who does not bear the yoke of Christ is good for nothing to others, and never gains rest to his own soul.-(Adam Clarke Commentary). SL

    The trials to which we are exposed, in His infinite wisdom, do not for the moment give joy, but are often hard indeed to bear. “Nevertheless afterwards” the chastening will yield “the peaceable fruit of righteousness unto them which are exercised thereby.” This then is the third attitude we may have toward chastening. If we are exercised by it, and judge ourselves In the presence of God, we shall find rich fruit in our lives as a result, which will be to the praise and glory of God.-(Ironside's Notes). SL 

    The chastening they were to endure. God, as Father, permits trials and tribulations to come to believers for their own good. Such experiences are not an evidence of divine displeasure, but evidences of sonship. “God dealeth with you as with sons; for who is the son whom the father chastiseth not. But if you are without chastening, of which all are made partakers, then are ye bastards and not sons.”-[(Hebrews 12:8)] And therefore chastisements must not be despised, nor viewed as a discouraging experience; for the chastisement is for our eternal good and He does it in love. Paul’s thorn in the flesh-[(2 Corinthians 12:6-7)] was such an experience which was needful for Him. Grace sustains in all chastisements. Then we have a contrast between the chastising of earthly fathers and that of the heavenly Father. The one is father of our flesh; God is the Father of spirits, the Creator and source of life, spiritual and ever-lasting, as well as physical and temporal. The one for a brief period; God during our whole lifetime. The one with imperfect knowledge, in much infirmity “after their own pleasure;” God with unerring wisdom, and in pure love. The aim of the one, our earthly future; the aim of God, to make us partakers of His holiness. Yet imperfect as is the earthly father’s discipline, we gave it reverence, “as was right” and according to God’s will, and for our safety. How much more ought we to be in subjection unto the Father of spirits, of whom is our true life. And when we are disciplined it is not a joyous experience; it brings heart-searching, humiliation, confession, repentance and self-loathing, but afterward it yieldeth the peaceable fruit of righteousness unto them which have been exercised in this way.-(Arno Gaebelein's Annotated Bible Commenatary). SL

    This is one of the great sections in the New Testament that clarifies the reason for the Christian’s trials (cf. James 1; 1 Peter). It is essential that we view our sufferings as the Lord’s discipline rather than as an indication of His displeasure, or worse, His hatred (cf. Deuteronomy 1:26, /27) if we would persevere faithfully. There is a real as well as a linguistic connection between "discipline" and "disciple" and "discipleship."-(Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas). SL

    The child that goes without discipline knows he is really not God's child. Rather, he would be an illegitimate child, whose education is often neglected. The writer emphasized that discipline is a part of true sonship. Without it one would be a spiritually illegitimate child, which would be a disgrace. So, instead of murmuring because of chastisement, Hebrew brethren should have been happy ( Heb_12:7, /8 ).-(Gary Hampton Commentary). SL

    The first response to chastening is not joy. If chastening was to give joy, it would miss its effect. All positive aspects of the chastening that the writer has demonstrated in the previous verses do not change the fact that the chastening in itself is not something that makes you happy. It is not pleasant. If that would be the case, it would not mean chastening. On the contrary, the unpleasing thing about it should teach us to change our walk in such a way that we don’t have to be chastened anymore. Therefore the chastening is intended for “the moment”. When the chastening has achieved its goal, then there is a reason to be joyful. Then it is profitable. By chastening you are being “trained”, which means that you are taught how to deal with it. By training you learn how to control something. If you are willing to accept chastening in that way, if you can handle it like that, then that will bring you closer to God. The result is that you will enjoy more of the peace and that you will grow in bringing righteousness into practice.-(Kingcomments). SL

nevertheless-δὲ (de)-but, moreover, yet), afterward-ὕστερον (husteron)-afterwards, (i.e. later, then, thereafter)) it yieldeth-ἀποδίδωσι (apodidosi)-to give off, away, or off) the peaceable-εἰρηνικὸν (eirenikon)-peaceable, (i.e. peaceful, salutary)) fruit-καρπὸν (karpon)-fruit, (figuratively: work, act, deed, result, outcome)) of righteousness-δικαιοσύνης (dikaiosunes)-rightness, justice, (i.e. equity (of character or act)), unto them-τοῖς (tois)-to the ones) which are exercised-γεγυμνασμένοις (gegumnasmenois)-to use exercise, train up) thereby-δι αὐτῆς (di autes)-through this).:

    It yieldeth the peaceable fruit of righteousness - It is a tree that bears good fruit, and we do not expect the fruit to form and ripen at once. It may be long maturing, but it will be rich and mellow when it is ripe. It frequently requires a long time before all the results of affliction appear - as it requires months to form and ripen fruit. Like fruit it may appear at first sour, crabbed, and unpalatable; but it will be at last like the ruddy peach or the golden orange. When those fruits are ripened, they are: (1) fruits of "righteousness." They make us more holy, more dead to sin and the world, and more alive to God. And they are (2) "peaceable." They produce peace, calmness, submission in the soul. They make the heart more tranquil in its confidence in God, and more disposed to promote the religion of peace. The apostle speaks of this as if it were a universal truth in regard to Christians who are afflicted. And it is so. There is no Christian who is not ultimately benefited by trials, and who is not able at some period subsequently to say, "It was good for me that I was afflicted. Before I was afflicted I went astray; but now have I kept thy word." When a Christian comes to die, he does not feel that he has had one trial too many, or one which he did not deserve. He can then look back and see the effect of some early trial so severe that he once thought he could hardly endure it, spreading a hallowed influence over his future years, and scattering its golden fruit all along the pathway of life. I have never known a Christian who was not benefited by afflictions; I have seen none who was not able to say that his trials produced some happy effect on his religious character, and on his real happiness in life. If this be so, then no matter how severe our trials, we should submit to them without a complaint.-(Barnes' Notes). BH

    It yieldeth the peaceable fruit, &c.— "Though at first all chastening is in itself matter of grief, and not of joy, yet afterwards it produces quiet of mind, and such inward peace, in the progress of holiness and goodness, as abundantly compensates the grief at first felt by those who are exercised thereby; γεγυμνασμενοις; not only corrected, but instructed and edified; setting themselves to search out the proper lessons, which afflictive dispensations are intended to teach." As it is plain from this word, that the apostle alludes to the Grecian games, possibly by the peaceable fruits of righteousness, he may refer to the crowns of olive given to the victors in the Olympic races, which was an emblem of peace.-(Thomas Coke Commentary). SL

    The peaceable fruit of righteousness.—Better, peaceful fruit, (fruit) of righteousness, to them that have been trained thereby. The “peaceful” fruit stands in contrast with the unrest and trouble which have preceded during the time of “chastening.” But there is more than rest after conflict, for the object of the conflict is attained; the fruit consists in righteousness. (Comp. Isaiah 32:17; Proverbs 11:30; James 3:17; Philippians 1:11.)-(Ellicott's Commentary). SL  

    

And-καὶ (kai)-and, also) make-ποιήσατε (poiesate)-to make)  //straight-ὀρθὰς (orthas)-upright, erect, straight) (Or, even) paths-τροχιὰς (trochias)-a track, (i.e. course, way)) for your-ὑμῶν (humon)-of (from or concerning) you:—ye, you, your (own, -selves) feet-ποσὶν (posin)-a foot), lest that-ἵνα μὴ (hina me)-that not) which is lame-χωλὸν (cholon)-lame, (apparently a primary word; "halt", i.e. limping:—cripple, halt, lame)) be turned out of the way-ἐκτραπῇ (ektrape)-to turn or twist, (to deflect, i.e. turn away (literally or figuratively):—avoid, turn (aside, out of the way))but-δὲ (de)-yet) let it rather-μᾶλλον (mallon)-rather, the (more)) be healed-ἰαθῇ (iathe)-to heal (literally or figuratively):—heal, make whole)).:

    And make straight paths, &c.— Dr. Heylin paraphrases the verse thus: Make even paths for your feet, that the lame ancle may not be sprained, but on the contrary recover strength; that is, says he, "Order your course of life so, as to avoid the occasions of sin; those especially, wherein you are more liable to relapse, either by constitutional infirmity, or evil habits before indulged." Such dangerous occasions are spoken of as offendicula, stumbling-blocks in our way;—the metaphor is continued in the sequel, which instructs the sincere believer or genuine penitent in a matter of great moment, and very pertinent to what was said just before, of making fresh resolutions, &c. It also coincides with the important admonition in the beginning of this chapter, that we should cast aside every weight, &c.-(Thomas Coke Commentary). SL

    The strong in faith ought to desire and aim at the healing of such lame ones, i.e. their being strengthened in the faith, rather than expose them to the risk of apostasy by any wavering of their own.-(The Pulpit Commentaries). SL

    But let it rather be healed; the fallen believer be restored, the weak brother be confirmed, the halting professor be strengthened, and everyone be built up and established upon the most holy faith, and in the pure ways of the Gospel.-(Gill's Exposition). BH

    But let it rather be healed - As in the case of lameness, pains should be taken to heal it rather than to suffer it to be increased by careless exposure to a new sprain or fracture, so it should be in our religious and moral character. Whatever is defective we should endeavor to restore to soundness, rather than to suffer the defect to be increased. Whatever is feeble in our faith or hope; whatever evil tendency there is in our hearts, we should endeavor to strengthen and amend, lest it should become worse, and we should entirely fall.-(Barnes' Notes). BH

    When you have feeble knees your feet cannot make “straight paths”. You will not be able to make firm footsteps on the right course to the goal. It is necessary for your own walk that you establish your way (Proverbs 4:26). But your established walk is also necessary for others who are limping. He who is limping cannot have an established walk. Such a person rather stumbles. If you also shuttle hither and thither helplessly, you surely cannot offer the limping one any support. On the contrary, your wavering can have the result that the limping one totally gets paralyzed and powerless. But when you follow the right path you are of support to those who cannot make it through on their own. When there are good examples that follow the right course, then the limping ones will not drop behind further, but they will continue their way with new courage. There is not only mention of power but also of healing. Only on the path that God has for us, power and (spiritual) health are to be found. We should walk there where He can be with us.-(Kingcomments on the Whole Bible). SL

    Straight paths]- better, ’even’ or ’smooth paths,’ containing no stumblingblocks that may injure the lame. The strong are to encourage the weak. Turned out of the way]- RM ’put out of joint.’ The reference to lameness and healing suggests that this is the right rendering. If they do not remove the stumblingblocks from the paths, lameness may become dislocation. But by making the paths ’even,’ the lameness may be healed.-(John Dummelow's Commentary). SL

    The writer next urged his readers to take specific action that would facilitate their continuance in the faith. This word of exhortation, as well as the others, reveals that the original readers were spiritually weak. Consequently, the writer urged them to build up their strength so they could work effectively and walk without stumbling (cf. Proverbs 4:25, /26, /27). The Greek word ektrepo, translated "be put out of joint" (Hebrews 12:13), has the technical medical sense of a foot turning and becoming dislocated. [Note: Ellingworth, p. 659.] This power comes as we draw upon our resources for strength, namely, the Word of God and the grace of God (Hebrews 4:12-16). The readers also needed to level the path of discipleship they trod by removing impediments to their progress. This might involve, for example, avoiding contact with people and materials that encourage departure from God’s will. Then the lame among them (i.e., the very weak) might recover as they proceeded to walk. The writer probably intended this exhortation to include laying aside sin (Hebrews 12:1) and compromising associations with apostates who might throw unneeded barriers such as false teaching in the Christians’ path.-(Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas). SL

    Make straight paths for your feet again suggests the language of Isaiah 35, and is a reference to encouragement of the weak and faltering by smoothing the way before them. It is the stronger members of the believing community who are to do this, or at least take the lead in it. In view of the difficulties and temptations through which all must pass, every Christian should be concerned with removing obstacles, in every way possible, from the course of his fellow believers. Perhaps, if their paths are made "straight," even the lame, the feeble, and the injured may yet press on to victory. The tenderness of these lines is moving.-(Coffman Commentaries). SL

Scrivener's Textus Receptus 1894
1 Ἐὰν ταῖς γλώσσαις τῶν ἀνθρώπων λαλῶ καὶ τῶν ἀγγέλων, ἀγάπην δὲ μὴ ἔχω, γέγονα χαλκὸς ἠχῶν ἢ κύμβαλον ἀλαλάζον. 2 καὶ ἐὰν ἔχω προφητείαν, καὶ εἰδῶ τὰ μυστήρια πάντα καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν γνῶσιν, καὶ ἐὰν ἔχω πᾶσαν τὴν πίστιν, ὥστε ὄρη μεθιστάνειν, ἀγάπην δὲ μὴ ἔχω, οὐδέν εἰμι. 3 καὶ ἐὰν ψωμίσω πάντα τὰ ὑπάρχοντά μου, καὶ ἐὰν παραδῶ τὸ σῶμά μου ἵνα καυθήσωμαι, ἀγάπην δὲ μὴ ἔχω, οὐδὲν ὠφελοῦμαι.

1 Corinthians 13:1-3

1 Though-Ἐὰν (Ean)-if, in case, (i.e. if ever)) I speak-λαλῶ (lalo)-to talk, speak, tell, utter) with the-ταῖς (tais)-with the) *tongues-γλώσσαις (glossais)-the tongue; (by implication: a language (specially, one naturally unacquired):—tongue)) of-τῶν (ton)-of the) men-ἀνθρώπων (anthropon)-man-faced, i.e. a human being:—certain, man) and-καὶ (kai)-and, also) of Angels-ἀγγέλων (aggelon)-messenger, agent, (a messenger, envoy, one who is sent, an angel, a messenger from God))and-δὲ (de)-yet) have-ἔχω (echo)-to have) not-μὴ (me)-no, not) charity-ἀγάπην (agapen)-love, (i.e. affection, good-will, love, benevolence)), I am become-γέγονα (gegona)-to become) as sounding-ἠχῶν (echon)-to sound, roar, (to make a loud noise, i.e. reverberate:—roar, sound)) brass-χαλκὸς (chalkos)-copper, bronze) or-(e)-or) a tinkling-ἀλαλάζον (alalazon)-a clash, clank, (i.e. to ring loudly, to clang)) cymbal-κύμβαλον (kumbalon)-a "cymbal" (as hollow):—cymbal)).

1 corinthians 13-1.jpg

2 And-καὶ (kai)-and, also, even) though-ἐὰν (ean)-if, in case, (i.e. if ever)) I have-ἔχω (echo)-to have) *the gift of prophecy-προφητείαν (propheteian)-prophecy, prophesying, (i.e. prediction)), and-καὶ (kai)-and, also, even) understand-εἰδῶ (eido)-know, be acquainted with, be aware) all-πάντα (panta)-all the, the whole, every:—plural)) *mysteries-μυστήρια (musteria)-what is known only to the individual, (i.e. a hidden or secret thing)) and-καὶ (kai)-and, also, even) all-πᾶσαν (pasan)-all the, the whole) *knowledge-γνῶσιν (gnosin)-knowledge, (i.e. understanding)): and-καὶ (kai)-and, also, even) though-ἐὰν (ean)-if, in case, (i.e. if ever)) I have-ἔχω (echo)-to have) all-πᾶσαν (pasan)-all the, the whole) faith-πίστιν (pistin)-faith, faithfulness, steadfastness), so that-ὥστε (hoste)-so that, (insomuch) as, (insomuch) that)) I could remove-μεθιστάνειν (methistanein)-to set or place over or beyond (i.e. transfer, remove)) mountains-ὄρη (ore)-mount, mountain, hill)and-δὲ (de)-yet) have-ἔχω (echo)-to have) not-μὴ (me)-no, not) charity-ἀγάπην (agapen)-love, (i.e. affection, good-will, love, benevolence)), I am-εἰμι (eimi)-'to be') nothing-οὐδέν (ouden)-not even one, (nothing whatever, not at all, in no wise, none)). 3 And-καὶ (kai)-and, also, even) though-ἐὰν (ean)-if, in case, (i.e. if ever)) I bestow all-πάντα (panta)-all the, the whole, every:—plural)) my-μου (mou)-of me:—I, me, mine (own), my)) goods-ὑπάρχοντά (huparchonta)-the things existing, (things extant or in hand, (i.e. property or possessions:—goods, that which one has, things which (one) possesseth, substance, that hast)) *to feed the poor-ψωμίσω (phomiso)-to give morsela, fatten, (to supply with bits, i.e. (generally) to nourish:—(bestow to) feed)), and-καὶ (kai)-and, also, even) though-ἐὰν (ean)-if, in case, (i.e. if ever)) I give-παραδῶ (parado)-to give over to) my-μου (mou)-of me:—I, me, mine (own), my)) body-σῶμά (soma)-the body) to-ἵνα (hina)-that, in order that, so that) be burned-καυθήσωμαι (kauthesomai)-to be burned, (to set on fire, i.e. kindle or (by implication) consume:—burn, e.g. martyrdom))and-δὲ (de)-yet) have-ἔχω (echo)-to have) not-μὴ (me)-no, not) charity-ἀγάπην (agapen)-love, (i.e. affection, good-will, love, benevolence)), *it profiteth me-ὠφελοῦμαι (opheloumai)-to profit, (i.e. to be useful or advantageous)) nothing-οὐδὲν (ouden)-not even one, (nothing whatever, not at all, in no wise, none)).

 

Example of Greek word:

  • *γλώσσαις (glossais)-tongues click: Acts 2:4 

  • *προφητείαν (propheteian)-the gift of prophecy click: Romans 12:6 

  • *μυστήρια (musteria)-mysteries click: Matthew 13:11

  • *γνῶσιν (gnosin)-knowledge click: 2 Peter 1:5

  • *G5595: (ψωμίσω-to feed the poorclick: Romans 12:20 (ψώμιζε-feed)

  • *G5623: (ὠφελοῦμαι-it profiteth me) click: Mat 16:26 (ὠφελεῖται-profited)

Greek Interlinear:

  • Though-Ἐὰν: CONDitional: ["IF-EVER"]

  • I speak-λαλῶ: Verb, Present, Active, Subjunctive, 1st Person, Singular: ["I-may-be-speaking"] with the tongues of men and of Angels, and

  • have-ἔχω: Verb, Present, Active, Subjunctive, 1st Person, Singular:

  • ["I-AM-HAVING"] not

  • charity-ἀγάπην: Noun, Accusative, Singular, Feminine: ["LOVE"],

  • I am become-γέγονα: Verb, Second-Perfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular: ["I-HAVE-BECOME"] 

  • as sounding-ἠχῶν: Verb, Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine: ["RESOUNDING"] brass or

  • a tinkling-ἀλαλάζον: Verb, Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Neuter: ["clanging"] cymbal. And

  • though-ἐὰν: CONDitional: ["IF-EVER"]

  • I have-ἔχω: Verb, Present, Active, Subjunctive, 1st Person, Singular: ["I-MAY-BE-HAVING"] the gift of prophecy, and

  • understand-εἰδῶ: Verb, Perfect, Active, Subjunctive, 1st Person, Singular: ["I-MAY-BE-PERCEIVING"//"may-be-perceiving] all mysteries and all knowledge: and

  • though-ἐὰν: CONDitional: ["IF-EVER"] 

  • I have-ἔχω: Verb, Present, Active, Subjunctive, 1st Person, Singular: ["I-MAY-BE-HAVING"] all faith, so

  • that I could remove-μεθιστάνειν: Verb, Present, Active, Infinitive: ["to-be-transporting"] mountains, and

  • have-ἔχω: Verb, Present, Active, Subjunctive, 1st Person, Singular:            ["I-MAY-BE-HAVING"] not

  • charity-ἀγάπην: Noun, Accusative, Singular, Feminine: ["LOVE"], 

  • I am-εἰμι: Verb, Present, (No voice stated), Indicative, 1st Person, Singular: ["I-AM"] nothing. And

  • though-ἐὰν: CONDitional: ["IF-EVER"] 

  • I bestow all my goods to feed-ψωμίσω: Verb, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, 1st Person, Singular: ["I-SHOULD-BE-MORSELizING"] the poor, and

  • though-ἐὰν: CONDitional: ["IF-EVER"]

  • I give-παραδῶ: Verb, Second-Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, 1st Person, Singular: ["I-MAY-BE-BESIDE-GIVING"//"I-may-be-giving-up"] my body to

  • be burned-καυθήσωμαι: Verb, Future, Passive, Subjunctive, 1st Person, Singular: ["I-SHOULD-BE-BURNED"], and

  • have-ἔχω: Verb, Present, Active, Subjunctive, 1st Person, Singular:
    ["I-AM-HAVING"] not

  • charity-ἀγάπην: Noun, Accusative, Singular, Feminine: ["LOVE"],

  • it profiteth me-ὠφελοῦμαι: Verb, Present, Passive, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular: ["I-AM-beING-benefitED"] nothing.

Though-Ἐὰν (Ean)-if, in case, (i.e. if ever)) I speak-λαλῶ (lalo)-to talk, speak, tell, utter) with the-ταῖς (tais)-with the) tongues-γλώσσαις (glossais)-the tongue; (by implication: a language (specially, one naturally unacquired):—tongue)) of-τῶν (ton)-of the) men-ἀνθρώπων (anthropon)-man-faced, i.e. a human being:—certain, man) and-καὶ (kai)-and, also) of Angels-ἀγγέλων (aggelon)-messenger, agent, (a messenger, envoy, one who is sent, an angel, a messenger from God))and-δὲ (de)-yet) have-ἔχω (echo)-to have) not-μὴ (me)-no, not) charity-ἀγάπην (agapen)-love, (i.e. affection, good-will, love, benevolence)),:

    The Corinthian brethren were having problems dealing with spiritual gifts. Paul said the solution to the problem would be that they should pursue love, "the more excellent gift." The church is many members ( 1Co_12:12-26 ) but it is "one body." There were a number of spiritual miraculous gifts given in the early church. But the “more excellent gift” or the "better" gift is love. Without love nothing that a Christian does has any true and lasting value. The gifts of tongues, knowledge, faith or even great personal sacrifice are meaningless without love. Love should be pursued by Christians everywhere. Love takes precedence over (a) eloquence in speech, (b) prophecy, (c) understanding mysteries, (d) knowledge, (e) faith, (f) giving, and (g) self sacrifice. Without love these things are nothing. In God's word we are taught to love one another. "But as touching brotherly love ye need not that I write unto you: for ye yourselves are taught of God to love one another." ( 1Th_4:9 ) We are also taught to speak the truth in love. "But speaking the truth in love, may grow up into him in all things, which is the head, even Christ." ( Eph_4:15 ) God taught us to love by sending his Son as a sacrifice for our sins. "We love him, because he first loved us." ( 1Jn_4:19 ) Love is "the more excellent way." ( 1Co_12:31 )-(Charles Box's Commentaries). SL

 

    with the tongues of men' -this must be what the gift of "tongues" consisted of in these chapters. (1 Cor. 12:30) Paul mentions this gift first, for this is the gift they were tending to elevate above all others and abuse in the process. 'Mentioned first because of the exaggerated importance which the Corinthians attached to this gift.' (Vincent p. 262). Therefore: The tongues of First Corinthians chapters 12-14, are the same gift as described in Act_2:6-11 ; Act_10:46 . The ability to speak in a human language, which you had never learned. ( Act_2:7 ). 'and of angels' -Some have used this phrase to prove that the tongues of chapter 14 were "angelic" languages.  Points to Note: 1. Verse 1 begins with the word "If". 'Paul doesn't suggest that tongue-speakers spoke with the language of angels. He is saying: "even if..".' (McGuiggan p. 174). This is a supposed case. 'If I can speak the languages of men and even of angels.' (Gspd) Paul's point is, 'Let us supposed that my tongue-speaking ability included every language on the planet (which it didn't-14:18), and even the language of heaven, tongue-speaking at it's most marvellous height, exhausting the languages of earth and heaven...even in such a case, the absence of love on my part, would make even such exalted tongue-speaking pointless. How much more then is loveless limited tongue-speaking (the gift they possessed-14:18), in vain.  5. Having a spiritual gift, coming into contact with the Holy Spirit in a miraculous sense, didn't automatically instill love in a person's life. The Corinthians "had the Spirit", but they didn't have true love, in fact, they didn't even have "warm, fuzzy feelings for each other"! Even in the day and age of spiritual gifts, love was learned in the same way it is learned today. God revealed it in His word and Christians were meant to practice and apply it in their lives. God doesn't miraculously impart love!-(Mark Dunagan). SL

    Paul now proceeded to elaborate on the fact that love surpasses the most important spiritual gifts. Some of the Corinthian Christians may not have possessed any of the gifts mentioned in the previous three lists in chapter 12, but all of them could practice love. Clearly all of them needed to practice love more fully. The fruit of the Spirit (Galatians 5:22, /23) is a more obvious demonstration of the Spirit’s presence in a life and His control over a life than the gifts of the Spirit. 

Of course humans do not know the language of the angels, but it is an exalted language because angels are superior beings. The Corinthians evidently believed that they could speak in angelic languages. Some writers have concluded that "tongues of angels" is part of the hyperbole that appears in 1 Corinthians 13:2. [Note: E.g., ibid., p. 535; Keener, p. 108.] That is, there is really no such thing as angelic tongues; the phrase simple depicts exalted speech. Paul’s point seems to have been that even if one could speak in this exalted language and did not have love (i.e., act lovingly) his or her speech would be hollow and empty. To act lovingly, of course, means to seek actively the benefit of someone else. Gongs and cymbals were common in some of the popular pagan cults of the time. [Note: Bruce, 1 and 2 Corinthians, p. 125; Barclay, The Letters . . ., p. 131; Robertson and Plummer, p. 289.] They made much noise but no sense. Some so-called tongues-speakers today claim that their gibberish is the language of angels, but it needs to be interpreted coherently to qualify as a language. Usually this claim is just a way to justify speaking gibberish.-(Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas). SL

     Though I speak, &c.— St. Paul having told the Corinthians, in the last words of the preceding chapter, that he would shew them a more excellent way than the emulous producing of their gifts in the assembly, he informs them in the present admirable chapter, that this more excellent way is love, which he explains at large. The word 'Αγαπη is certainly rendered charity very improperly; for being in our language almost confined to the sense of alms-giving, it has led many into gross errors on this subject. The original must here be taken in the noblest sense, for "such a love to the whole church, and the whole world, as arises from principles of true piety, and ultimately centres in that God who is love."-(Thomas Coke Commentary). SL

  

I am become-γέγονα (gegona)-to become) as sounding-ἠχῶν (echon)-to sound, roar, (to make a loud noise, i.e. reverberate:—roar, sound)) brass-χαλκὸς (chalkos)-copper, bronze) or-(e)-or) a tinkling-ἀλαλάζον (alalazon)-a clash, clank, (i.e. to ring loudly, to clang)) cymbal-κύμβαλον (kumbalon)-a "cymbal" (as hollow):—cymbal)).:

    as sounding brass or a tinkling cymbal, that is, I only make a noise, but it will conduce nothing to my salvation, it will be of no use to me; but if I have this true root of love, then it will be of avail to me. And thus the apostle proveth, that the habit of love to God and man in the heart, is far more excellent than the gift of tongues, which many of the Corinthians had, or coveted, or boasted in, despising those who had it not.-(Jamieson Fausset Brown). BH

    Lipscomb says, "Love denies self for the good of object. Passion seeks its own gratification." The Corinthians had taken pride in spiritual gifts, yet, apparently, lacked the necessary love for those who could be benefitted by them. Instead of being concerned with how impressive these gifts made them appear which made them nothing, they should have been concerned with how others might learn the truth. Lipscomb noted even Judas Iscariot had the ability to work miracles ( Mat_10:1 ), yet he betrayed the Lord!. Providing for the needs of others is a work of Christianity, but is meaningless without love as its root cause. Even martyrdom loses its effect without love. As McGarvey says, "Willingness to fight and die for Christianity will not take the place of loving obedience to Christ"-(Gary Hampton Commentary). SL

    I am become as sounding brass, or a tinkling cymbal; more literally, I have become booming brass, or clanging cymbal. My "tongues" without "love" become a mere discordant, obtrusive, unintelligible dissonance. The Greek word for "clanging" (alalazon) is an onomatopoeia, like the Hebrew name for cymbals, tseltselim (Psalm 150:5)- (Pulpit Commentary). BH

    Sounding brass, or a clanging cymbal ... The cacophonous pretense of heathen worship included the clashing and banging of gongs and cymbals and the braying of brass trumpets. Barclay identified such noises as characteristic "especially of the worship of Dionysus and Cybele."[8] Paul teaches two things by this: (1) that the exhibitions of the Corinthian tongue speakers were of the same significance as heathen worship and (2) that both were noisy, empty and worthless.-(Coffman Commentary). SL

    As a cymbal was made of two pieces of hollow brass, which being struck together made a tinkling with very little variety of sound, St. Paul chose to instance in this, rather than a harp or flute, or any other more harmonious instrument.-(Thomas Coke Commentary). SL

    

And-καὶ (kai)-and, also, even) though-ἐὰν (ean)-if, in case, (i.e. if ever)) I have-ἔχω (echo)-to have) the gift of prophecy-προφητείαν (propheteian)-prophecy, prophesying, (i.e. prediction)), and-καὶ (kai)-and, also, even) understand-εἰδῶ (eido)-know, be acquainted with, be aware) all-πάντα (panta)-all the, the whole, every:—plural)) mysteries-μυστήρια (musteria)-what is known only to the individual, (i.e. a hidden or secret thing)) and-καὶ (kai)-and, also, even) all-πᾶσαν (pasan)-all the, the whole) knowledge-γνῶσιν (gnosin)-knowledge, (i.e. understanding)): and-καὶ (kai)-and, also, even) though-ἐὰν (ean)-if, in case, (i.e. if ever)) I have-ἔχω (echo)-to have) all-πᾶσαν (pasan)-all the, the whole) faith-πίστιν (pistin)-faith, faithfulness, steadfastness), so that-ὥστε (hoste)-so that, (insomuch) as, (insomuch) that)) I could remove-μεθιστάνειν (methistanein)-to set or place over or beyond (i.e. transfer, remove)) mountains-ὄρη (ore)-mount, mountain, hill)and-δὲ (de)-yet) have-ἔχω (echo)-to have) not-μὴ (me)-no, not) charity-ἀγάπην (agapen)-love, (i.e. affection, good-will, love, benevolence)), I am-εἰμι (eimi)-'to be') nothing-οὐδέν (ouden)-not even one, (nothing whatever, not at all, in no wise, none, amount to nothing )).:

    'know all mysteries and all knowledge' -'no secret hidden from me, no knowledge too deep for me.' (Knox) 'Prophecy in its widest range.' (Gr. Ex. N.T. p. 897). 'mysteries' - truth, yet revealed. ( Eph_3:3 ) If I could even know the unrevealed things of God. ( Deu_29:29 ). Point to Note: 1. Unlimited knowledge cannot justify or excuse the absence of love in one's life. . . 'all faith, so as to remove mountains' -faith connected with miracle working. Such remarkable wonder-working, that the Rocky Mountains would get up and rumble away at my request to God! Even if God would allow a Christian to work a miracle like that, it would be no substitution for loving God and loving others. ( Mat_22:37-39 ). . . 'I am nothing' -in the sight of God. In the sight of men, such people would be "really something." But God isn't impressed with people who have done "great things", but lack character! Character matters to God! ( 1Sa_16:7 ).-(Mark Dunagan). SL 

 

    Faith is taken here in the same sense as in 1 Corinthians 12:9; the assurance, founded on the feeling of reconciliation, that nothing can resist us when we are really doing the work of God. Possible obstacles are represented under the figure of a mountain to be removed, as in Matthew 17:20. The abrupt brevity of the phrase which closes this paragraph: I am nothing, contrasts with the long developments given to the preceding propositions. Behold the fruit of all those magnificent gifts: all speech, all knowledge, all power, and yet nothing! What such a man has done may be of value to the Church; to himself it is nothing, because there was no love in it. Love alone is anything in the eyes of love. But how is it credible that a man can reach this height of knowledge and power in God without love? Here, again, are we not face to face with an impossible supposition? No; the faith of first days may develop more or less exclusively in the direction of knowledge (1 Corinthians 13:2 a) or of force of will (1 Corinthians 13:2 b), as well as in the direction of sensibility ( 1Co 13:1 ); comp. Luke 9:54, where James and John ask the Lord to bring down fire from heaven on the Samaritan village. Faith is there, but where is charity? This is what Jesus points out to them. Or there are believers who may have preserved the gift of prophesying, of driving out demons, of working miracles, while in the eyes of Him who tries the heart and reins they are only workers of iniquity; comp. Matthew 7:22. In our day, too, one may be a celebrated theologian, the instrument of powerful revivals, the author of beautiful works in the kingdom of God, a missionary with a name filling the world; if in all these things the man is self-seeking, and if it is not the Divine breath of charity which animates him, in God's eyes this is only seeming, not being. The apostle goes further still.-(Federic Louis Godet). SL

    The opening descriptions are all of a passive character, and show that love demands the renunciation of self. Long-suffering and kindness head the list. These are the attributes of our loving God and Father, and we are to imitate Him as His children and forbear one another in love. Love does not envy. God does not envy. Envy is of Satan; all self-seeking has its origin in pride, which is the crime of the devil (1 Timothy 3:6 ). Love vaunteth not itself. It never seeks the applause of men. Self-display is self-love. True love is not puffed up. Love doth not behave itself unseemly. Its ornaments are meekness, modesty and unobtrusiveness. It seeketh not its own; it is self-neglect and is expressed in devotion to others. Nor is it easily provoked, for self-consciousness and self-seeking being absent, sensitiveness becomes impossible. Love thinketh no evil. The better translation is, “does not impute evil.” It rather hides than exposes. Furthermore, love “rejoiceth not in iniquity but rejoiceth with the truth.” The last four characteristics show its positive energy. It beareth all things--it puts up with anything but that which is wrong and sinful; believeth all things; it does not suspect, therefore it hopeth all things and also endureth all things. Finally the permanence of love is stated. Prophecies, tongues and knowledge will fail, cease and pass away. Love never. It is abiding eternal, the greatest of all.-(Arno Gaebelein). SL

    With the other gifts it is the same thing. Even if you would be able to, on the basis of the Bible, tell everything about the future (“prophesy”) and were introduced to the “mysteries”, the secrets of God and knew the Bible by heart (“all knowledge”) and do impressive acts of faith (“all faith”), you would be nothing; you would be zero point zero, zero and void indeed, if love has not been your inner motive to practice those gifts.-(Kingcomments). SL

    Here is a case of a man having four of these wonderful, extraordinary spiritual gifts, i. e., prophecy, wisdom, knowledge and faith, and yet, like Balaam, whose beautiful and transcendent eloquence charms every Bible reader, must make his bed in Hell. You must keep up the distinction here incessantly between the gifts and the graces; e. g., we see in this case the man has faith; if he had the grace of faith, he would be saved; but Paul is not talking about the grace of faith, but the gift, which has no salvation in it for its possessor, while its province is to save others. Many souls have been saved through the instrumentality of people who, at that time, themselves were not saved. The truth is the instrument of salvation on condition of faith. God will honor His own truth though preached by the devil. Hence, many a man instrumental in saving a few souls preaches his way down to Hell. In my own observation I once knew a notorious drunkard who was a very powerful preacher. I have known him to go away in a strange place and keep sober till he could have a sweeping revival, and I have personally known some of his converts bearing the beautiful fruits of righteousness. John A. Murrill, a noted highway robber, was a powerful preacher, frequently going into a strange place, raising a great stir, getting all the people down on their knees, and exhorting them with all his might to give their hearts to the Lord and get converted, meanwhile his clan out stealing their horses. This chapter, which is parenthetical on grace, by which we are saved, and without which we are lost, even though possessing rare and valuable gifts, specifies nothing but the Divine love, which is really comprehensive of all the graces of the Spirit, agapee being generic, while the subordinate graces are specific; e. g., humility is love at the feet of Jesus; patience is love enduring; long-suffering is love on trial; faith is love on the battlefield, and hope is love in anticipation. Hence all the graces are resolvable into love.-(William Godbey's Commentary). SL

And-καὶ (kai)-and, also, even) though-ἐὰν (ean)-if, in case, (i.e. if ever)) I bestow all-πάντα (panta)-all the, the whole, every:—plural)) my-μου (mou)-of me:—I, me, mine (own), my)) goods-ὑπάρχοντά (huparchonta)-the things existing, (things extant or in hand, (i.e. property or possessions:—goods, that which one has, things which (one) possesseth, substance, that hast)) to feed the poor-ψωμίσω (phomiso)-to give morsela, fatten, (to supply with bits, i.e. (generally) to nourish:—(bestow to) feed)), and-καὶ (kai)-and, also, even) though-ἐὰν (ean)-if, in case, (i.e. if ever)) I give-παραδῶ (parado)-to give over to) my-μου (mou)-of me:—I, me, mine (own), my)) body-σῶμά (soma)-the body) to-ἵνα (hina)-that, in order that, so that) be burned-καυθήσωμαι (kauthesomai)-to be burned, (to set on fire, i.e. kindle or (by implication) consume:—burn, e.g. martyrdom))and-δὲ (de)-yet) have-ἔχω (echo)-to have) not-μὴ (me)-no, not) charity-ἀγάπην (agapen)-love, (i.e. affection, good-will, love, benevolence)), it profiteth me-ὠφελοῦμαι (opheloumai)-to profit, (i.e. to be useful or advantageous)) nothing-οὐδὲν (ouden)-not even one, (nothing whatever, not at all, in no wise, none)).:

    Points to Note: 1. People can sacrifice without love. They can fanatically give without love! Remember Ananias and Sapphira. ( Act_5:1-112. Loveless giving does exist. 'There is nothing in this world more humiliating than this so-called charity without love. To give as a grim duty, to give with a certain contempt, to stand on one's own little eminence and to throw scraps of charity as to a dog ..' (Barclay p. 132). In a sense we could say, 'charity-[(alms-giving)] is no substitute for charity (love).' 3. If the "good deeds" that Christians do (without love), are vain in the sight of God. Then there should be no problem in realizing that the "good deeds" performed by religious people outside of Christ, don't count either. ( Mat_15:9 ; 2Jn_1:9 ). 'and if I give my body to be burned' -'death at the stake might be faced in mere fanaticism, in ambition for a reputed sainthood, in stubbornness, or in pride.' (Erdman p. 132). 'If the motive which makes a man even give his life for Christ is the motive of pride and self-display and self-glory, then even martyrdom becomes valueless. It is not cynical to remember that many a deed which looks sacrificial has been the product of pride and not of devotion and of love....There is hardly any passage in scripture which demands such self-examination from the good man as this passage does.' (Barclay p. 132). 'it profiteth me nothing' -'I am not in the least benefited.' (Ber), i.e. benefited spiritually, in the sight of God. 'Lit., I am helped nothing.' (Robertson p. 177). . . 'It has been noted by numerous writers how Paul describes love with the church of Corinth and its shortcomings as a background. Where they (we) are impatient and hurtful, love is longsuffering and kind. Where they (we) are wickedly jealous, boastful and arrogant, love is happy for others, self-effacing and humble. Where they..are rude, selfish and irritable, love is courteous, unselfish and emotionally in control. Where they..are CPA's of wrongs they suffer, love dismisses injuries from the mind. Where they..smile at wickedness and are resentful when chastened, love is delighted with truth and hurt at wickedness. Where they..openly scorn another's weakness, love covers it....Where they..are suspicious, disgruntled and quick to flare up, love trusts, continues to optimistically look forward and bears with a grin what comes its way.' [Note: _ McGuiggan pp. 174-175]-(Mark Dunagan). SL

 

    “Though I bestow all my goods to feed the poor, and though I give my body to be burned, and have not [love], it profiteth me nothing.” You may say, “But I can’t give my goods to feed the poor apart from love; can I?” Oh, yes, I may do all that from a desire to be seen of men. The Pharisees of old did their charity that way, and they sounded trumpets before them so people could see them. “Verily, they have their reward.” There was no love there. It was merely hypoc- risy. And then we read, “Though I give my body to be burned, and have not [love], it profiteth me nothing.” I may be a religious zealot, so wedded to an idea that I am willing to die for it, and yet there may be no real love behind it all. Of course it took the love of Christ in the soul to enable the Christian martyrs to go to the stake singing for Jesus’ sake, it took the love of Christ to cause those devoted believers to go forth to the lions, ready to die with a song of love in their hearts. But it is quite possible to die for an idea, to yield your body to the stake because of some great principle, and yet have no real love in the heart. So we see the uniqueness of love; it stands alone, and is distinct from mere “charity,-[(alms-giving)]” as we call it.-(Ironside's Notes). SL

    I may give away.- [The NIV adds: to the poor – which is implied.] Even give up my body.- To be burned for my religion. The language of this comes from Daniel 3:28. It points to those Christians who would die rather than turn away from Christ But If I have not love. “If I am not motivated by love in this action, it does me no good, because I will be only a hypocrite!”-(The Bible Study New Testament). SL

    

Scrivener's Textus Receptus 1894
23 καὶ αὕτη ἐστὶν ἐντολὴ αὐτοῦ, ἵνα πιστεύσωμεν τῷ ὀνόματι τοῦ υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, καὶ ἀγαπῶμεν ἀλλήλους, καθὼς ἔδωκεν ἐντολὴν ἡμῖν. 24 καὶ τηρῶν τὰς ἐντολὰς αὐτοῦ, ἐν αὐτῷ μένει, καὶ αὐτὸς ἐν αὐτῷ. καὶ ἐν τούτῳ γινώσκομεν ὅτι μένει ἐν ἡμῖν, ἐκ τοῦ Πνεύματος οὗ ἡμῖν ἔδωκεν.

 

1 John 3:23-24

23 "And this is-ἐστὶν (estin)-'to be') his *commandment-ἐντολὴ (entole)-thing given in charge, (i.e. an authoritative prescription:—commandment, precept)), That-ἵνα (hina)-that, so that, in order that) we should believe-πιστεύσωμεν (pisteusomen)-to adhere to, trust, rely on) on the Name of his Son-υἱοῦ (huiou)-son, offspring) Jesus Christ, and *love-ἀγαπῶμεν (agapomen)-to love, (i.e. of persons)) one another-ἀλλήλους (allelous)-each other), as-καθὼς (kathos)-even or according as) he gave-ἔδωκεν (edoken)-to give) us *commandment-ἐντολὴν (entolen)-thing given in charge, (i.e. an authoritative prescription:—commandment, precept)). 24 And-καὶ (kai)-and, also) he that *keepeth-τηρῶν (teron)-to keep, watch, observe) his commandments-ἐντολὰς (entolas)-thing given in charge,  injunction, i.e. an authoritative prescription:—commandment, precept) *dwelleth-μένει (menei)-to remain, (a primary verb; to stay (in a given place, state, relation or expectancy):—abide, continue, dwell, endure, be present, remain, stand)) in-ἐν (en)-in) him, and he in him: And hereby-ἐν τούτῳ (en touto)-in this) we know-γινώσκομεν (ginoskomen)-to know) that *he abideth-μένει (menei)-to remain, (a primary verb; to stay (in a given place, state, relation or expectancy):—abide, continue, dwell, endure, be present, remain, stand)) in-ἐν (en)-in) us, by-ἐκ (ek)-out of, from, (a primary preposition denoting origin)) the spirit which *he hath given-ἔδωκεν (edoken)-to give) us."

Example of Greek word:

Greek Interlinear:

  • is-ἐστὶν: Verb, Present, (No voice stated), Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular: And this ["IS"] his commandment, That

  • we should believe-πιστεύσωμεν: Verb, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, 1st Person, Plural: ["WE-SHOULD-BE-BELIEVING"] on the Name of his Son Jesus Christ, and

  • love-ἀγαπῶμεν: Verb, Present, Active, Subjunctive, 1st Person, Plural: ["WE-MAY-BE-LOVING"] one another, as

  • he gave-ἔδωκεν: Verb, Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular: ["He-GIVES"] us commandment. And he that

  • keepeth-τηρῶν: Verb, Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine: ["one-KEEPING"] his commandments

  • dwelleth-μένει: Verb, Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine: ["IS-REMAINING"] in him, and he in him: And hereby

  • we know-γινώσκομεν: Verb, Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Plural: ["WE-ARE-KNOWING"] that

  • he abideth-μένει: Verb, Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular: ["He-IS-REMAINING"] in us, by the spirit which

  • he hath given-ἔδωκεν: Verb, Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular: ["He-GIVES"] us.

Commentaries:

***Believing on Christ and loving the brethren (with practical love) sums up the qualities of an obedient child of God. That is because belief in Christ means more than a mere profession. It includes a working faith that will carry out the teaching in Jas 2:18, to show our faith by our works. Dwelleth in him, and he in him. The matter of dwelling is a mutual affair between the Lord and his people. Since the subject is a spiritual one it is possible for "two persons to be at the same place at the same time"; it means they are dwelling with each other. Spirit which he hath given us enabled the apostles to speak with knowledge on the affairs of the kingdom.-(E.M. Zerr's Commenatry). SL

***Believe in the name ... and love one another ... To believe and love - this is the greatest and most important command that ever issued from the throne of glory."[53] The inclusion here of faith "in the name" of Christ shows that, "the commandments" mentioned in the preceding verse-[(1 John 3:22)] are "not only, or chiefly moral."[54] They include the whole spectrum of Christian duty. It is a gross mistake to consider Christianity as chiefly an ethical code, though it is also that. Belief, or faith, in this passage also "carries an overtone of commitment"[55] and actually means fidelity, or faithfulness, as generally in the New Testament. These last two verses of the chapter (1 John 3:23,24) carry frequent references to the farewell discourses of Jesus (John 13,15). Obedience to divine commands, continuity in faith and love, promised answer to prayer, abiding in God, and the gift of the Spirit are among these. His commandment ... Orr pointed out that "believe and love" as used in this verse have the meaning of "trust and obey."[56] Barclay also agreed to this: "When we put these two commandments together, we find the great truth that the Christian life depends on right belief and right conduct combined." Abideth in him, and he in him ... This refers to the Christian's abiding in Christ and Christ's abiding in the Christian, "a metaphor derived ultimately from our Lord's allegory of the vine and the branches (John 15:1ff)."[58] It is not, however, some mystical experience which is meant by this; "its indispensable accompaniments are the confession of Jesus as the Son of God come in the flesh, and a consistent life of holiness and love."[59] In this connection, it is also appropriate to point out that no one was ever truly "in Christ" who was not baptized "into him," as the New Testament repeatedly affirms (Romans 6:3, /4, /5Galatians 3:26, /271 Corinthians 12:13).[57] And hereby we know that he abideth in us ... this is only another way of saying, "hereby we know we are truly Christians." By the Spirit he gave us ... In Christians, this refers to "the influence of the Spirit renewing their nature, sanctifying their wills, and directing their actions."[60] We have called this the "Gift Ordinary" of the Holy Spirit, given to Christians as an earnest in consequence of and subsequently to their being baptized into Christ (Acts 2:38ff and Ephesians 1:13). This is also called in the New Testament the "earnest' of the Holy Spirit.-(Coffman Commentaries). SL

 

***And this is his commandment, &c.— "And this is his great commandment, that we should endeavour to grow more in that blessed principle of faith in his dear Son Jesus Christ; and that we should unfeignedly and cordially love one another, as he has so strongly and affectionately charged us to do."-(Thomas Coke Commentary). SL

***Those who are of the truth will obey Jesus' words ( John_18:37 ). One of His commands was that Christians love one another and, as already noted, the keeping of such verifies one is of God. Doubts may arise, but comfort and reassurance can belong to the one who exhibits the love of God in his life. One's conscience may not let him rest though he has such assurance, but God is greater than man's conscience and will truly blot out forgiven sins and remember them no more ( 1Jn_3:19, /20 ; Heb_10:16, /17 )-(Gary Hampton Commentary). SL

***this is his commandmentsingular: for faith and love are not separate commandments, but are indissolubly united. We cannot truly love one another without faith in Christ, nor can we truly believe in Him without love.-(Jamieson Fausset Brown). BH

***Which are the commandments here? In 1 John 3:23 you read about His commandment to “believe in the name of His Son Jesus Christ”, to which directly is related the commandment that we should “love one another”. That means that it is all about ‘faith’ and ‘brotherly love’. You have already seen that those aspects are with you. And that helps to make it more comprehensible.-(Kingcomments). SL

***If the love of God dwells in the heart of the child of God it must be manifested in a practical way. Love must be expressed in deed and in truth, which is the fruit of true faith. If the believer does this he knows that he is of the truth. If it is lacking he is but an empty professing believer. But if we know that we are of the truth, by bearing such fruit of faith, we can assure our hearts before Him, and we can draw nigh with confidence. As our hearts do not condemn us, knowing that we are of the truth, we have confidence toward God and whatsoever we ask, we receive of Him, because we keep His commandments, and do those things that are pleasing in His sight. Where there is not a good conscience and the Holy Spirit is grieved real nearness to God and the effectual prayer which availeth much are impossible. It is the same blessed truth our Lord spoke in connection with the parable of the vine. “If ye abide in Me, and My words abide in you ye shall ask what ye will, and it shall be done unto you (John 15:7 ). But what is His commandment? Strange that some expositors have read into it the Ten Commandments. The context answers the question: “And this is His commandment, that we should believe on the name of His Son Jesus Christ, and love one another, as He gave us commandment. And He that keepeth His commandment dwelleth in Him, and He in him. And hereby we know that He abideth in us, by the Spirit He hath given to us.”-(Arno Gaebelein). SL

***And this is his commandment. The commandments may be summed up in one, with two parts, viz.: Faith in Jesus Christ, and love of the brethren. He that keepeth his commandments. By keeping them we dwell in him and he in us. See Joh 14:23We know that he abideth in us, by the Spirit. The Spirit that dwells in us is manifest by its fruits. If we bear the fruits of the Spirit in our lives it is proof that Christ dwells in us. If we are led by the Spirit we are the sons of God (Rom 8:14).-(People's New Testament). SL

 

(2 Timothy 3:16-17)

16 "All Scripture is given by inspiration of God-θεόπνευστος (theopneustos)-God-breathed), and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness17 That the man of God may be perfect-ἄρτιος (artios)-fitted, perfected, fully ready, (by implication) complete:—perfect)), thoroughly furnished-ἐξηρτισμένος (exertismenos)-to fit out, (i.e. to furnish perfectly, equip completely)) unto all good works-ἔργον (ergon)-work, deed, doing, labour, (by implication: an act))."

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