O.S.A.S? | once saved always saved ourforgiveness

ONCE SAVED,
always SAVED?

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Beloved of the Lord;

Remember: “But be ye-Γίνεσθε (Ginesthe)-to become) doers-ποιηταὶ (poietai)-a performer, (one who does, a doer; of one who performs according to directives) of the word, and not hearers-ἀκροαταὶ (akroatai)-a hearer (merely):—hearer) only, deceiving-παραλογιζόμενοι (paralogizomenoi)-beguile, deceive, (universally, to deceive, delude, circumvent) your own selves.”-(James 1:22)

be ye-Γίνεσθε: Verb, Present, Middle or Passive Deponent, Imperative ,2nd Person, Plural: ["be-ye-becoming!"]
deceiving-παραλογιζόμενοι: Verb, Present, Middle or Passive Deponent, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine: ["beguiling"]

1. O.S.A.S part. 1

O.S.A.S

"Let it be noted, I do believe a sinner can be saved, remain saved, and die saved. However, what is in question here is, can a born-again Christian

-apostatize, -abandon, -fall away, -forsake,

-walk away from 'the Faith'?"

Bibles:

Authorized Version 1611 [Punctuation, Capitalization, & Italics]

King James Bible 1769 [Spelling]

Concordance / Lexicon:

Analytical Concordance to the Bible: Robert Young, 1880.
The New Strong's Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible.
Thayer's Greek Lexicon.
Friberg Analytical Greek Lexicon
Gingrich, Greek New Testament Lexicon
Danker, Greek New Testament Lexicon

Greek Text:

Stephanus 1550 & Beza's 1598 & Scrivener's 1894 Textus Receptus.

Key:

G#### : Strong's Exhaustive Concordance Number:— used when comparing Greek words that share the same root word, but not the same inflection / parsing.

Brackets w/ Parenthesis [(abc)] : My commentary insert/input.

Commentaries:

StudyLight.org: SL (click)
BibleHub.com: BH (click)

Greek Interlinear:

scripture4all.org

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Once Saved,

Always

Saved?

1 Corinthians 15:1-2

Overview.

First, we will analyze 1 Corinthians 15:1-2.

Scrivener's Textus Receptus 1894
1 Γνωρίζω δὲ ὑμῖν, ἀδελφοί, τὸ εὐαγγέλιον ὃ εὐηγγελισάμην ὑμῖν, ὃ καὶ παρελάβετε, ἐν ᾧ καὶ ἑστήκατε, 2 δι’ οὗ καὶ σώζεσθε· τίνι λόγῳ εὐηγγελισάμην ὑμῖν, εἰ κατέχετε, ἐκτὸς εἰ μὴ εἰκῇ ἐπιστεύσατε.

1 Corinthians 15:1-2

1 “Moreover-δὲ (de)-but, now, moreover) brethren-ἀδελφοί (adelphoi)-brethren, (figuratively, members of the Christian community)), *I declare-Γνωρίζω (Gnorizo)-to make known) unto you-ὑμῖν (humin)-to you) the-τὸ (to)-the) Gospel-εὐαγγέλιον (evanggelion)-Good news, tidings, news) which-ὃ (ho)-which) *I preached-εὐηγγελισάμην (eueggelisamen)-to tell good news or tidings, (to announce good news ("evangelize") especially the gospel:—declare, bring (declare, show) glad (good) tidings, preach (the gospel)) unto you-ὑμῖν (humin)-to you), which-ὃ (ho)-which) also-καὶ (kai)-and, even, also) *ye have received-παρελάβετε (parelabete)-to take or received beside, (to receive near, i.e. associate with oneself (in any familiar or intimate act or relation)), and-καὶ (kai)-and, also) wherein-ἐν ᾧ (en ho)-wherein, in which) *ye stand-ἑστήκατε (hestekate)-to set, place, (stand or be). 2 By-δι (di)-by, through, by means of) which-οὗ (hou)-which) also-καὶ (kai)-even, also) *ye are saved-σῴζεσθε (sozesthe)-to make or keep sound or safe), if-εἰ (ei)-if, (a primary particle of conditionality) *ye //keep in memory-κατέχετε (katechete)-to hold fast, (to hold down (fast), keep secure, keep firm possession of)) (Or, hold fast) //what-τίνι λόγῳ (tini logo)-with what instruction, (to what saying)) (Gr. by what speech) I preached-εὐηγγελισάμην (eueggelisamen)-to tell good news or tidings, (to announce good news ("evangelize") especially the gospel:—declare, bring (declare, show) glad (good) tidings, preach (the gospel)) unto you-ὑμῖν (humin)-to you:—ye), unless-ἐκτὸς εἰ μὴ (ektos ei me)-unless, (except in case, except) ye have believed-ἐπιστεύσατε (episteusate)-to adhere to, trust, rely on) in vain-εἰκῇ (eike)-easily, at random, (‘without aim or purpose’; the underlying idea is ‘at random’)).”

Example of Greek word:

*Γνωρίζω -I declare click: 1 Cor 12:3-(I give to understand) // Gal 1:11-(I certify)
*εὐηγγελισάμην-I preached click: 2 Cor 11:7-(I have preached) // Gal 4:13-(I preached the gospel)
*παρελάβετε-ye have received click: Gal 1:9 // Phil 4:9-(received) // Col 2:6-(ye have received)
*ἑστήκατε-ye stand click: 2 Corinthians 1:24 // 1 Peter 5:12
*G4982: (σῴζεσθε-ye are saved) click: 1 Peter 4:18 (σῴζεται-be saved)
*κατέχετε-ye keep in memory click: 1 Cor 11:2-(keep) // 1 Thes 5:21-(hold fast)
*ἐπιστεύσατε-ye have believed click: 1 Cor 3:5-(ye believed) // 1 Cor 15:11-(ye believed)
*εἰκῇ-in vain click: Mat 5:22-(without a cause) // Gal 3:4 // Gal 4:11 // Col2:18-(vainly)

Greek Interlinear:

I declare-Γνωρίζω: Verb, Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular: Moreover brethren, ["I-AM-KNOWizING//"I-am-making-known"] unto you the Gospel which
I preached-εὐηγγελισάμην: Verb, Aorist, Middle, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular: ["I-WELL-MESSAGize"//"I-evangelize"] unto you, which also
ye have received-παρελάβετε: Verb, Second-Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural: ["YE-BESIDE-GOT"//"ye-accepted"], and wherein
ye stand-ἑστήκατε: Verb, Perfect, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural: ["YE-HAVE-STOOD"//"ye-stand"]. By which also
ye are saved-σῴζεσθε: Verb, Present, Passive, Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural: ["YE-ARE-beING-SAVED"], if
ye keep in memory-κατέχετε: Verb, Present, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural: ["YE-ARE-DOWN-HAVING"//"ye-are-retaining"] what
I preached-εὐηγγελισάμην: Verb, Aorist, Middle, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular: ["I-WELL-MESSAGize"//"I-evangelize"] unto you, unless
ye have believed-ἐπιστεύσατε: Verb, Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural: ["YE-BELIEVE"] in vain.”

Punctuation Comparison:

1611 AV

1 Moreouer brethren, I declare vnto you the Gospel which I preached vnto you, which also you haue receiued, and wherein yee stand. 2 By which also yee are saued, if yee keepe in memorie what I preached vnto you, vnlesse yee haue beleeued in vaine.

1769 KJV

1 Moreover, brethren, I declare unto you the gospel which I preached unto you, which also ye have received, and wherein ye stand; 2 By which also ye are saved, if ye keep in memory what I preached unto you, unless ye have believed in vain.

Commentaries:

Moreover-δὲ (de)-but, now, moreover) brethren-ἀδελφοί (adelphoi)-brethren, (figuratively, members of the Christian community)), I declare-Γνωρίζω (Gnorizo)-to make known) unto you-ὑμῖν (humin)-to you) the-τὸ (to)-the) Gospel-εὐαγγέλιον (evanggelion)-Good news, tidings, news) which-ὃ (ho)-which) I preached-εὐηγγελισάμην (eueggelisamen)-to tell good news or tidings, (to announce good news ("evangelize") especially the gospel:—declare, bring (declare, show) glad (good) tidings, preach (the gospel)) unto you-ὑμῖν (humin)-to you), which-ὃ (ho)-which) also-καὶ (kai)-and, even, also) ye have received-παρελάβετε (parelabete)-to take or received beside, (to receive near, i.e. associate with oneself (in any familiar or intimate act or relation)), and-καὶ (kai)-and, also) wherein-ἐν ᾧ (en ho)-wherein, in which) ye stand-ἑστήκατε (hestekate)-to set, place, (stand or be).:

'the gospel which I preached unto you' - We should note that "the gospel" has certain facts about it. Certain "doctrines" make up the gospel message. (15:3 /,4; Acts 8:5,/12; Acts 8:35,/36 ; Mar_16:15,/16 ) Recently some have tried to make a distinction between the belief's comprise the "gospel" and which beliefs comprise "doctrine". 'which also ye received' -this is the same gospel that he had initially preached to them, and which they had embraced. ( Act_18:8 ) 'wherein also ye stand' -'on which your faith is based' (Bas) Seeing that the Corinthians weren't taking a decisive "stand" for Christ. This phrase probably means, something like, 'the gospel he preached is also the one to which they owe their very existence (as Christians).' (Fee p. 720) 'By which you have your standing in Christ.' ( Rom_5:2 ; Rom_11:20 ) (F.F. Bruce p. 138)-(Dunagan's Commentary). SL

In the first verses, before he speaks in details about the resurrection, he once more presents the gospel to the Corinthians, in a simple manner and intently. He had already proclaimed it to them, but it was necessary to do it once more. They seemed to have forgotten about that, which was possibly caused by the influences of false teachers who took them on a wrong path about the truth of resurrection. Therefore he shows them right at the beginning, that if they believe this error, they jeopardize their salvation. He deliberately says that in that way, in order to indicate the gravity of the error and what is jeopardized by following this error. There is the assurance that believers cannot perish. The Lord Jesus gives the absolute guarantee for that (John 10:28-Joel :). This assurance is from God. He is the One Who guarantees that. However, here Paul is not talking about what God does, but about the responsibility of the believer. That is something you should distinguish well. There are more verses that make that distinction.-(Kingcomments). SL

It is rather tragic that the Corinthians required that someone remind them of the fundamental facts of the Christian gospel, at a time so soon after they had heard it, obeyed it, and were enjoying the blessings of salvation derived from it. As Hodge declared, "Certain false teachers at Corinth had denied the resurrection."[3] There is no profit in trying to identify these false teachers. Satan always has an advocate in every community; and those of Jewish background could have been contaminated by the Sadducees, while those of Greek origin could have cited a hundred of their philosophers who despised any such doctrine as the resurrection of the dead (Acts 17:32).-(Coffman's Commentaries). SL

Moreover, brethren The resurrection of the body being one of the great objects of the faith and hope of Christians, the apostle in this chapter sets before the Corinthians, and all mankind, the proof by which that joyful event is rendered indubitable, namely, that it is a necessary consequence of the resurrection of Christ. Wherefore, to lay a firm foundation for this proof, he judged it proper to recall to the remembrance of the Corinthians the arguments by which he had proved to their satisfaction the truth of Christ’s resurrection, which is the subject that he first touches upon. I declare Γνωριζω , I make known; the gospel The principal doctrines thereof; which I preached unto you At the very beginning of my ministry among you; which also you received In faith and love; and wherein you stand In the faith of which many of you persevere;-(Benson's Commentary). SL

By-δι (di)-by, through, by means of) which-οὗ (hou)-which) also-καὶ (kai)-even, also) ye are saved-σῴζεσθε (sozesthe)-to make or keep sound or safe), if-εἰ (ei)-if, (a primary particle of conditionality) ye //keep in memory-κατέχετε (katechete)-to hold fast, (to hold down (fast), keep secure, keep firm possession of)) (Or, hold fast) //what-τίνι λόγῳ (tini logo)-with what instruction, (to what saying)) (Gr. by what speech) I preached-εὐηγγελισάμην (eueggelisamen)-to tell good news or tidings, (to announce good news ("evangelize") especially the gospel:—declare, bring (declare, show) glad (good) tidings, preach (the gospel)) unto you-ὑμῖν (humin)-to you:—ye), unless-ἐκτὸς εἰ μὴ (ektos ei me)-unless, (except in case, except) ye have believed-ἐπιστεύσατε (episteusate)-to adhere to, trust, rely on) in vain-εἰκῇ (eike)-easily, at random, (‘without aim or purpose’; the underlying idea is ‘at random’)).:

by which also ye are Or shall be; saved finally, if ye keep in memory Ει κατεχετε, if ye hold fast; what I preached unto you The great truths to which I bore testimony: that is, your salvation is begun, and will be perfected if ye continue in the faith; unless ye have believed in vain Or rather, rashly, as εικη seems evidently here to signify, denoting the disposition of those who do a thing by chance and lightly, without knowing for what reason or end they do it.-(Benson's Commentary). SL

Two clauses in this verse reiterate the principle that even for those already saved, it is yet required of them that they "hold fast the word," and that otherwise even their glorious beginning is a total loss. Many commentators move quickly to soften the meaning here, saying that "Believed in vain" does not indicate loss of salvation as a possibility";[4] but it is clear enough that the passage cannot possibly mean anything else but the loss of salvation for those who hold not fast the word.-(Coffman's Commentaries). SL

'by which also ye are saved' -The gospel is our link with the salvation obtained by Christ. ( Rom_1:16 ; Rom_10:11-17 ; 1Pe_1:23 ; Act_11:14 'and he shall speak words to you by which you will be saved..') Point to Note: Our salvation depends upon hearing and believing what God wants us to embrace. ( Mar_16:15 ; Act_16:32 ) Therefore, if any salvation is possible for anyone, the New Testament which contains the gospel message, must have remained in an uncorrupted form. Anyone that denies the accuracy of the Bible, needs to realize that such a claim, if it were true, would mean that we are all cut off from any hope of salvation. 'if ye hold fast' -Salvation, while it is unearned, is conditional. 'provided you adhere to my statement of it.' (Mof) 'the word which I preached unto you' -Point to Note: 'In a world which rightly stresses ethical commitment and response there is the temptation to play down doctrinal truth as though it were important but, in the final analysis, not fundamentally important. Paul here speaks of salvation IF the truths he preached were held on to..If Paul speaks the truth, systematic doctrine REALLY DOES MATTER. If we don't like that we'll have to take it up with God.' [Note: _ McGuiggan pp. 188-189]. Believing the wrong thing, can condemn our souls too. ( 2Jn_1:9 ; 2Ti_2:17,/18 ; 1Ti_1:19,/20 ). 'except ye believed in vain' -'unless you believed in vain' (NASV) 'Offers the possibility of that happening otherwise the statement couldn't be made.' (McGuiggan p. 189). 'in vain' -'heedlessly, at random, without serious apprehension, without realizing the facts involved' (Gr. Ex. N.T. p. 919) This may also be anticipating 15:17. 'if their current position as to "no resurrection" is correct, then Christ did not rise, which in turn means that they had indeed believed in vain. If they are right, everything is a lie, and they cease to exist as believers altogether.' (Fee p. 721).- 'In vain' can also mean "without result". If they depart from the truth of the gospel, then their becoming a Christian has been "in vain", i.e. inferring that such a departure would lead to a lost condition.-(Dunagan's Commentary). SL

If ye keep in memory what, etc. I see no good reason for departing from the arrangement of the A.V., which states that the salvation of the readers depends on their holding fast the word preached.-(Vincent's Word Studies). BH

My Notes for 1 Corinthians 15:1-2

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1 Corinthians 15:1-2

1 “Moreover brethren, I declare unto you the Gospel which I preached unto you, which also G3880 ye have received-παρελάβετε, and wherein G2476 ye stand-ἑστήκατε. 2 By which also G4982 ye are saved-σῴζεσθε, if G2722 ye keep in memory-κατέχετε what I preached unto you, unless ye have believed in vain.”

(1)

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(A) First, the Greek word:

(G3880-παρελάβετε (parelabete)).

(inflection: Verb, Second-Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd-Person, Plural)

(A1) 1 Corinthians 15:1-2

1 “Moreover brethren, I declare unto you the Gospel which I preached unto you, which also G3880-ye have received-παρελάβετε-(parelabete)["YE-BESIDE-GOT"//"ye-accepted"], and wherein ye stand. 2 By which also ye are saved, if ye keep in memory what I preached unto you, unless ye have believed in vain.”

(A2) Below are four (4) examples of

the Greek word: (G3880-παρελάβετε (parelabete)) as found in 1 Cor 15:1.

Compare below.

(A3) Galatians 1:9

“9 As we said before, so say I now again, If any man preach any other Gospel unto you, than-παρ (par)-to the side of, beyond (equivalent to: 'contrary to')) that G3880-ye have received-παρελάβετε (parelabete)-to take or received beside, (to receive near, i.e. associate with oneself (in any familiar or intimate act or relation)), let him be accursed.”

OR,

(“..than that ["YE-BESIDE-GOT"//"ye-accepted"], let him be accursed.”)

(Inflection: Verb, Second-Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd-Person, Plural)

(A4) Philippians 4:9

8 “Finally, brethren, whatsoever things are true, whatsoever things are honest, whatsoever things are just, whatsoever things are pure, whatsoever things are lovely, whatsoever things are of good report: if there be any virtue, and if there be any praise, think on these things. 9 Those things which ye have both learned-ἐμάθετε (emathete)-to learn, (universally: absolutely, to increase one's knowledge) and G3880-received-παρελάβετε (parelabete)-to take or received beside, (to receive near, i.e. associate with oneself (in any familiar or intimate act or relation)), and heard, and seen in me, do-πράσσετε (prassete)-to practice, do, (a primary verb; to "practise", i.e. perform repeatedly or habitually)): and the God of peace shall be with you.”

OR,

(“..Those things which ye have both learned and ["YE-BESIDE-GOT"//"ye-accepted"], and heard, and seen in me, do:..”)

(Inflection: Verb, Second-Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd-Person, Plural)

(A5) Note: the Greek word: (πράσσετε-"do") is in the Present-tense. Definition of Present-tense: a.) Represents a simple statement of fact or reality viewed as occurring in actual time. b.) which indicates that the action is in the now. c.) The present represents a present state, [or] an action going on at the present time.

OR,

(..Those things which ye have both learned and received, and heard, and seen in me, ["BE-YE-PRACTISING"//"be-ye-practising"]:..")

(A6) Note: Another verse that also use the same Greek word:

(ἐμάθετε-(emathete)-ye have learned) as Philippians 4:9.

(A7) Romans 16:17 “Now I beseech you, brethren, mark them which cause divisions and offences, contrary to the doctrine which ye have learned-ἐμάθετε-(emathete)-to learn, (universally: absolutely, to increase one's knowledge), and avoid them.”

(A8) Colossians 2:6

5 “For though I be absent in the flesh, yet am I with you in the spirit, joying and beholding-βλέπων (blepon)-to behold, ('to turn the thoughts' or 'direct the mind to' a thing, 'to consider', 'contemplate', 'look to') your order-τάξιν (taxin)-arrangement, (as a characteristic of well-regulated conduct good order, orderliness), and the stedfastness-στερέωμα (stereoma)-steadfastness, (something established, i.e. (abstractly) confirmation (stability):—stedfastness) of your faith in-εἰς (eis)-into) Christ. 6 As-Ὡς (Hos)-as, like, even as, according as) G3880-ye have therefore received-παρελάβετε (parelabete)-to take or received beside, (to receive near, i.e. associate with oneself (in any familiar or intimate act or relation)) Christ Jesus the Lord, so walk ye-περιπατεῖτε (peripateite)-to walk around, (to regulate one's life, to conduct oneself; to live a life conformed to the union entered into with Christ) in-ἐν (en)-in) him: 7 Rooted-ἐρριζωμένοι (errizomenoi)-to be rooted, (tropically, to render firm, to fix, establish, cause a person or a thing to be thoroughly grounded) and built up-ἐποικοδομούμενοι (epoikodomoumenoi)-to build upon, (with the passive, in fellowship with Christ to grow in spiritual life) in-ἐν (en)-in) him, and stablished-βεβαιούμενοι (bebaioumenoi)-to confirm, establish) in the faith, as ye have been taught, abounding-περισσεύοντες (perisseountes)-be outstanding in, excel in, be prominent) therein with thanksgiving.”

OR,

(“..As ["YE-BESIDE-GOT"//"ye-accepted"] therefore Christ Jesus the Lord,..”)

(Inflection: Verb, Second-Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd-Person, Plural)

(A9) Note: the Greek word: (περιπατεῖτε-"walk ye") is in the Imperative mood. Definition of the Imperative: a. Corresponds to the English imperative, and expresses a command to the hearer to perform a certain action by the order and authority of the one commanding. Thus, Jesus' phrase, "Repent ye, and believe the gospel" (Mk.1:15) is not at all an "invitation," but an absolute command requiring full obedience on the part of all hearers. OR,

(“..As ye have therefore received Christ Jesus the Lord, so ["be-ye-walking!"] in him:...”)

(A10) Note: Other verses that also use the same Greek word:

1. περιπατεῖτε-(walk ye): Joh 12:35-(walk) // Gal 5:16-(walk) // Eph 5:2, 8-(walk)

2. ἐρριζωμένοι-(Rooted): Eph 3:17-(that ye being rooted)

3. περισσεύοντες-(abounding): 1 Cor 15:58

(A11) 1 Thessalonians 4:1

1 “Furthermore then we beseech-ἐρωτῶμεν (erotomen)-to call to one's side, (by implication, to request:—beseech, desire, intreat, pray) you, brethren-ἀδελφοί (adelphoi)-a brother, (figuratively, members of the Christian community), and exhort-παρακαλοῦμεν (parakaloumen)-to call near, or for, (i.e. invite, invoke (by imploration, hortation or consolation):—beseech, call for)) you by-ἐν (en)-in) the Lord Jesus, that as G3880 ye have received-παρελάβετε (parelabete)-to take or received beside, (to receive near, i.e. associate with oneself (in any familiar or intimate act or relation)) of us, how-πῶς (pos)-how, (how, after (by) what manner (means)) ye ought-δεῖ (dei)-it behoveth, (it is necessary, there is need of, it behooves, is right and proper) to walk-περιπατεῖν (peripatein)-to walk around, (to regulate one's life, to conduct oneself), and to please-ἀρέσκειν (areskein)-to please, (through the idea of exciting emotion); to be agreeable (or by implication, to seek to be so):—please) God, so-ἵνα (hina)-so that, in order that) ye would abound-περισσεύητε (perisseunte)-be outstanding in, excel in, be prominent) more and more. 2 For ye know what commandments-παραγγελίας (paraggelias)-announcement (open or public), (properly, announcement, a proclaiming or giving a message to; hence, a charge, command) we gave you, by-διὰ (dia)-through, by means of) the Lord Jesus. 3 For this is-ἐστιν (estin)-'to be') the will-θέλημα (thelema)-will, wish, (choice, inclination, desire, pleasure)) of God, even your sanctification-ἁγιασμὸς (hagiasmos)-separation, a setting apart, (properly, purification, i.e. (the state) purity), that ye should abstain-ἀπέχεσθαι (apechestai)-to hold off from, (to hold oneself off, i.e. refrain:—abstain) from fornication:”

OR,

(“..that as ["YE-BESIDE-GOT"//"ye-accepted"] of us, how ye ought to walk,..”)

(Inflection: Verb, Second-Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural)

(A12) Note: the Greek words: (δεῖ-"ought" // περιπατεῖν-"to walk" // ἀρέσκειν-"to please" // περισσεύητε-"ye would abound") share the Present tense. Definition of Present: a. Represents a simple statement of fact or reality viewed as occurring in actual time. b. which indicates that the action is in the now. OR,

("..that as ye have received of us, how ye ["it-is-BINDING"//"must"] ["TO-BE-ABOUT-TREADING"//"to-be-walking"], and ["TO-BE-PLEASING"] God, so ["YE-MAY-BE-exceedING"] more and more.")

(A13) Note: Other verses that also use the same Greek word:

1. περιπατεῖν-(to walk): Eph 4:17-(walk) // 1 Joh 2:6

2. ἀρέσκειν-(to please): Rom 15:1 // Gal 1:10

3. περισσεύητε-(ye would abound): 1 Cor 14:12-(ye may excel) // 2 Cor 8:7-(ye abound)

4. ἀπέχεσθαι-(should abstain): Act 15:20-(that they abstain) // 1 Pet 2:11-(abstain from)

(A14) Summary.

As you have noticed, all of the above verses have much in common. It is expected of Christians who have (G3880 received) the knowledge of the truth, to abide and walk in the truth, that we may be rooted and established in Jesus Christ. Furthermore, we are to abstain from the pollutions of this world and from fleshly lusts, which war against the soul. And all of this, is spoken to believers.

(2)

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(B) Second, the word:

(G2476 ye stand-ἑστήκατε).

(Inflection: Verb, Perfect, Active, Indicative, 2nd-Person, Plural)

(B1) 1 Corinthians 15:1-2

1 “Moreover brethren, I declare unto you the Gospel which I preached unto you, which also ye have received, and wherein G2476-ye stand-ἑστήκατε-(hestekate)-["ye-stand"]. 2 By which also ye are saved, if ye keep in memory what I preached unto you, unless ye have believed in vain.”

(B2) Below are two (2) examples of

the Greek word: (G2476-ἑστήκατε-(hestekate)) as found in: 1 Cor 15:1.

(B3) 2 Corinthians 1:24

23 “Moreover, I call God for a record upon my soul, that to spare you I came not as yet unto Corinth. 24 Not-οὐχ (ouch)-no not (the absolute negative) for that we have dominion over-κυριεύομεν (kurieuomen)-to have or exercise lordship, (to rule:—have dominion over, lord, be lord of, exercise lordship over) your-ὑμῶν (humon)-of (-you, -ye (plural)) faith-πίστεως (pisteos)-faith, faithfulness, steadfastness)), but are helpers-συνεργοί (sunergoi)-fellow or joint worker, (a co-laborer, i.e. coadjutor:—companion in labour, (fellow-)helper(-labourer, -worker), labourer together with, workfellow) of your joy: for-γὰρ (gar)-for, verily) by-τῇ (te)-to the), faith-πίστει (pistei)-faith, faithfulness, steadfastness) G2476-ye stand-ἑστήκατε (hestekate)-to set, place, (stand or be).”

OR,

(“..but are helpers of your joy: for by faith ["ye-stand"].”)

(Inflection: Verb, Perfect, Active, Indicative, 2nd-Person, Plural)

(B4) Note: Other verses that also use the same Greek word:

1. συνεργοί (helpers): 1 Corinthians 3:9-(συνεργοί-labourers together) // 3 John 1:8-(συνεργοί-fellowhelpers)

(B1-2) Note: Notice the difference between the words:

(your G4102-faith) & (by G4102-faith). Both share the same Strong's Number for the word: (faith). However,

The words: ("your & faith") as in (Not for that we have dominion over your faith) are in the Genitive-case. The Genitive-case: a. refers to the case used for a noun, pronoun, or adjective to show ownership.

E.g. His-(Possessive Pronoun, Genitive-case) disciples came up to show Him the buildings of the temple.

(B1-3) On the other hand, the words: ("by & faith") as in (for by faith ye stand) are in the Dative-case. Definition of the Dative-case: a. One of the functions of the dative-case is to shows the relationship of a Dative (-Noun or -Pronoun) to a Verb, often found inside a prepositional phrase. b. The Dative Noun or Pronoun tells “to whom” or “for whom” the action of the Verb is performed. c. Greek Prepositions: (e.g. ἐν, ἐπί, παρά) in Dative-cases, have unique meanings/definitions.

Definition of Nouns: are words that describe people, places, or things.

Definition of Pronouns: are words that "substitute" for nouns, referring to people, places, or things that are known in the given context.

Definition of Verb: A word or phrase denoting an action.

E.g. His disciples came up to show-(Verb) Him-(Personal-Pronoun, Dative-case) the buildings of the temple.

OR,

His disciples came up to show-(Verb) Him-["to-him"]-(Personal- Pronoun, Dative-case) the buildings of the temple.

Note: The word: (to) compliments the Dative-case. And the word: (him) compliments the Personal-Pronoun. OR, (to-him).

Note: The Verb: (to show) performs the action "to" or "for" the Dative Pronoun: (Him).

OR,

The Dative-Pronoun: (Him) is the recipient of the action of-the Verb: (to show).

Note: Example of the words: ("to" or "for"):

(e.g. "I bought a gift for you in celebration of your birthday")

(e.g. "I will be delivering a gift to you between noon and evening")

The word: ("for") should Not be understood as: 'on behalf of' // 'because of'. But rather, it has the same meaning as the word: ("to").

(B1-4) Back to 2 Corinthians 1:24

The words:

(your-["of-you(p)"]-Possessive Pronoun, Genitive-case) (faith-Noun, Genitive-case)

are possessive/subjective (i.e. one's own faith).

While:

(by-["to-THE"]-Definite-article, Dative-case) (faith-Noun, Dative-case) ye stand are objective (i.e. 'the faith' of the Gospel)

OR,

The Dative Noun: (faith) tells “to whom” or “for whom” the action of the verb: ('ye stand') is performed.

OR,

The verb: ('ye stand') performs the action (to/for) -THE Dative Noun: (faith)

OR,

The Dative Noun: (faith) is the recipient of the 'action' of-the verb:

('ye stand').

OR,

by-[to-THE] faith ye stand

(B1-4a) Note: the word: (to) compliments the Dative-case, while the word: (THE) compliments the Definite-article.

(B1-4b) Note: Another detail: the Greek word (for-γὰρ) as in (for by faith ye stand) has a definition of: a primary particle; properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)

OR,

for-γὰρ-[for] by-τῇ-[to-THE] faith-πίστει-[faith] ye stand-ἑστήκατε-[ye stand]

(B2) Below are three (3) examples of the Greek word:

(G4102-πίστει-faith:— Noun, Dative-case, Singular, Feminine),

as found in 2 Corinthians 1:24 (B1)

i.e. “...for by faith ye stand”.

(B2-1) 2 Corinthians 13:5

“Examine yourselves, whether ye be-(verb) in-ἐν-["IN"]-(Preposition, Dative-case) the-(Definite-article, Dative-case) G4102-faith-(Noun, Dative-case): prove your own selves. Know ye not your own selves, how that Jesus Christ is in you, except ye be reprobates?”

OR,

Examine yourselves, whether

ye be-ἐστὲ: Verb, Present, (No voice stated), Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural

in-ἐν: Preposition, Dative-case: ["IN"]

the-τῇ: Definite-article, Dative-case, Singular, Feminine: ["THE"]

G4102-faith-πίστει: Noun, Dative-case, Singular, Feminine: ["faith"]

(B2-2) 1 Corinthians 16:13

“Watch ye, stand fast-(verb) in-ἐν-["IN"]-(Preposition, Dative-case) the-(Definite Article, Dative-case) G4102-faith-(Noun, Dative-case), quit you like men: be strong.”

OR,

Watch ye,

stand fast-στήκετε: Verb, Present, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person, Plural

in-ἐν: Preposition, Dative-case: ["IN"]

the-τῇ: Definite-article, Dative-case, Singular, Feminine: ["THE"]

G4102-faith-πίστει: Noun, Dative-case, Singular, Feminine: ["faith"]

(B2-3) Philippians 1:27

27 “Only let your conversation be as it becometh the Gospel of Christ, that whether I come and see you, or else be absent, I may hear of your affairs, that ye stand fast in one spirit, with one mind, striving together-(verb) for the-(Definite Article, Dative-case) G4102-faith-(Noun, Dative-case) of the-(Genitive-case) Gospel-(Genitive-case),”

OR,

“...that ye stand fast in one spirit, with one mind,

striving together-συναθλοῦντες: Verb, Present, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural

for the-τῇ: Definite-article, Dative-case, Singular, Feminine: ["to-THE"]

G4102-faith-πίστει: Noun, Dative-case, Singular, Feminine: ["faith"] of the Gospel.

(B2-3a) Note: Notice the difference between:

2 Corinthians 13:5 (B2-1) & 1 Corinthians 16:13 (B2-2)

to:

Philippians 1:27 (B2-3)

1 Corinthians 16:13 has the Greek Preposition: (ἐν + Dative-case) prior to the word: (faith).

While

Philippians 1:27 has the Definite-article (τῇ + Dative-case) prior to the word: (faith).

OR,

1). 1 Corinthians 16:13

with the Greek Preposition: (ἐν—Dative-case)

(“... stand fast-(verb)-(i.e. 'to remain') in-ἐν (within, in) the-τῇ-["THE"] faith-πίστει.”)

In 1 Cor 16:13 the placement of the Greek Preposition (ἐν—Dative-case: (in) prior to the Greek words: (τῇ πίστει (the faith)) modifies, meaning:
The 'definition' of the Greek Preposition (ἐν):—Dative-case) takes precedence i.e. 'within', 'in'.

2). Philippians 1:27

with the Definite-article: (τῇ—Dative-case)

“...with one mind striving together-(verb) for the-τῇ-["to-THE"] faith-πίστει”

Philippians 1:27 has no Greek Preposition prior to the Greek words: (τῇ πίστει (for the faith)).
And although both 1 Corinthians 16:13 & Philippians 1:27 use the same Greek words: (τῇ πίστει):

1 Corinthians 16:13

“... stand fast in-(ἐν) the-τῇ-["THE"] faith-πίστει-["faith"].”

Philippians 1:27

“...with one mind striving together for the-τῇ-["to-THE"] faith-πίστει-["faith"] of the Gospel,”

, the interpretation changes when the Greek Preposition: (ἐν—Dative-case) is inserted prior to the Greek words: (τῇ πίστει for 1 Cor 16:13). This is true even if both (1 Cor 16:13) & (Phil 1:27) use the same Greek words: (τῇ πίστει). Compare:

a). 1 Corinthians 16:13

(Γρηγορεῖτε, στήκετε ἐν τῇ πίστει, ἀνδρίζεσθε, κραταιοῦσθε.)

ἐν : Preposition + Dative-case ["IN"]
τῇ : Definite-article, Dative-case, Singular, Feminine ["THE"]
πίστει : Noun, Dative-case, Singular, Feminine ["FAITH"]

b). Philippians 1:27

(. . .μιᾷ ψυχῇ συναθλοῦντες τῇ πίστει τοῦ εὐαγγελίου,)

τῇ : Definite-article, Dative-case, Singular, Feminine ["to-THE"]
πίστει : Noun, Dative-case, Singular, Feminine ["FAITH"]

In Philippians 1:27, the verb: (striving together-συναθλοῦντες) performs the action for the or to-THE Dative Noun: (faith). OR, the Dative Noun: (faith) is the recipient of the action of the verb:—striving together.

OR,

“striving together for-the faith of the Gospel” Or,

["striving-together"] ["to-THE"] ["FAITH"] of the Gospel.

OR,

The object of the action (i.e. verb): striving together is: faith.

The word: (for the ) or (to-THE) compliments the Dative-case. While the word: (for the) or (to-THE) compliments the Definite-article.

(B2-3b) Furthermore, Philippians 1:27 reads:

striving together for the faith of the-(Definite-article, Genitive-case) Gospel-(Noun, Genitive-case).

Definition of the Genitive-case: a. Refers to the case used for a Noun, Pronoun, or adjective to show ownership.

The word: (of the ) compliments the Genitive-case, and the word: (of the) compliments the Definite-article.

(B2-3c) Note: What does it all mean? well,

1) 'the faith of the Gospel' (Philippians 1:27) is 'objective', that is, the faith of Christian religion, as opposed to a 'subjective' trust/faith inwardly experienced by Christians.

2) As believers, we are to be:

“...striving together-(Present, Active) for the (or to-THE) faith (OF-THE) Gospel, ...”

3) Despite the grammatical construct between:

1 Corinthians 16:13 & Philippians 1:27, both share in common the 'Objective Faith'.

a). 1 Corinthians 16:13

(Γρηγορεῖτε, στήκετε ἐν τῇ πίστει, ἀνδρίζεσθε, κραταιοῦσθε.)

ἐν : Preposition + Dative-case ["IN"]
τῇ : Definite-article, Dative-case, Singular, Feminine ["THE"]
πίστει : Noun, Dative-case, Singular, Feminine ["FAITH"]

b). Philippians 1:27

(. . .μιᾷ ψυχῇ συναθλοῦντες τῇ πίστει τοῦ εὐαγγελίου,)

τῇ : Definite-article, Dative-case, Singular, Feminine ["to-THE"]
πίστει : Noun, Dative-case, Singular, Feminine ["FAITH"]

4) Also, it is worth noting that 1 Cor 16:13 has a Present-tense Imperative Verb: (stand fast), while Phil 1:27 has a Present-tense Verb: (striving together). OR,

1 Corinthians 16:13

“..stand fast-Imperative-mood-["be-ye-standing-firm!"] in-ἐν-["IN"]

the-τῇ-["THE"] faith-πίστει-["faith"].”

Philippians 1:27

“...with one mind striving together-["competing-together"] for the-τῇ-["to-THE"] faith-πίστει-["faith"] of-the Gospel.”

(B3) While it is true that one must have faith of his own (subjective faith), 'the faith' is that which encircles the whole of Christianity, with Jesus as the protagonist of 'the Christian faith'. An example of 'subjective faith' would be:

“I(-put, -place) my faith(-in, -on)”, OR, “I believe(-in, -on)” OR, “my/your faith” OR, “the faithful”. etc.

However, the 'the faith' of (1 Cor 16:13) & (Phil 1:27) is objective, that is, 'the faith' which also includes -doctrines, -commandments, -instructions, -ordinances.

(B3 The following verses speak of 'the faith':

"... and exhorting them to continue in the faith,..."-Acts 14:22

to continue-["TO-BE-IN-REMAINING"] in the-τῇ-["to-THE"] faith-πίστει-["faith"]

"..and a great company of the Priests were obedient to the faith."-Acts 6:7

"...were obedient-["obeyED"] to the-τῇ-["to-THE"] faith-πίστει-["faith"]

"And so were the Churches establish in the faith,..."-Acts 16:5

"..were establish-["were-made-stable"] in the-τῇ-["to-THE"] faith-πίστει-["faith"]

"And he received the sign of circumcision, a seal of the righteousness of the faith,..." -Romans 4:11

"...a seal of the righteousness of the-τῆς-["OF-THE"] faith-πίστεως-["faith"]

"Watch ye, stand fast in the faith,..." -1 Corinthians 16:13

"..stand fast-["be-ye-standing-firm!"] in-["IN"] the-τῇ-["THE"] faith-πίστει-["faith"]

"Examine yourselves, whether ye be in the faith:..." -2 Corinthians 13:5

Examine-["BE-YE-tryING!"] . . . in-["IN"] the-τῇ-["THE"] faith-πίστει-["faith"]

"..that he which persecuted us in times past, now preacheth the faith,..." -Gal 1:23

"...preacheth-["IS-WELL-MESSAGizING"] the-τῆς-["THE"] faith-πίστεως-["faith"]

"..that ye stand fast in one spirit, with one mind, striving together for the faith of the Gospel,"-Philippians 1:27

"..striving together-["competing-together"] for the-τῇ-["to-THE"] faith-πίστει-["faith"]

"...but that which is through the faith of Christ, the righteousness which is of God by faith:"-Philippians 3:9

"...the righteousness which is of God by-["ON"] τῇ-["THE"] faith-πίστει-["faith"]

"If ye continue in the faith grounded and settled, and be not moved away from the hope of the Gospel, .." -Colossians 1:23

"..if ye continue-["YE-ARE-ON REMAINING"] in the-τῇ-["to-THE"] faith-πίστει-["faith"]

"Rooted and built up in him, and stablished in the faith,.."-Colossians 2:7

"..and stablished-["beING-confirmED"] in-["IN"] the-τῇ-["THE"] faith-πίστει-["faith"]

"Unto Timothy my own son in the Faith: ..."-1 Timothy 1:2

"...my own son in-["IN"] the faith-πίστει-["faith"]

"...in the latter times some shall depart from the faith, ..."-1 Timothy 4:1

"..shall depart from-["shall-be-withdrawing"] the-τῆς-["OF-THE"] faith-πίστεως-["faith"]

"For the love of money is the root of all evil, which while some coveted after, they have erred from the faith, ..."-1 Timothy 6:10

"...they have erred-["were-led-astray"] from the-τῆς-["THE"] faith-πίστεως-["faith"]

"Which some professing, have erred concerning the faith. .."-1 Timothy 6:21

"..have erred-["THEY-deviate"] concerning the-τὴν-["THE"] faith-πίστιν-["faith"]

"...men of corrupt minds, reprobate concerning the faith."-2 Timothy 3:8

"..have erred-["THEY-deviate"] concerning the-τὴν-["THE"] faith-πίστιν-["faith"]

"I have fought a good fight, I have finished my course, I have kept the faith."-2 Timothy 4:7

"...I have kept-["I-HAVE-KEPT"] the-τὴν-["THE"] faith-πίστιν-["faith"]

"...Greet them that love us in the faith. ..."-Titus 3:15

"..that love-["ones-beING-FOND"] us in-["IN"] the faith-πίστει-["faith"]

"...and exhort you that ye should earnestly contend for the faith which was once delivered unto the Saints.-Jude 1:3

"...that ye should earnestly contend-["to-be-on-contending"] for the-τῇ-["to-THE"] faith-πίστει-["faith"]

Behold!

“Here is the patience of the Saints: Here are they that keep the Commandments of God, and the faith of Jesus.”-Revelations 14:12

"..they that keep-["ones-KEEPING"] the Commandments of God, and-["AND"//"also"] the-τὴν-["THE"] faith-πίστιν-["faith"] of Jesus.

Commentary:

keep the commandments of God ... The current fantasy that "believers" are in some way saved without obedience should be reviewed in light of many such passages as this. Any "system" of salvation that promises people eternal life upon any other premise than that of fidelity to God's commandments is false and should be identified with the second beast. Yes indeed; they must believe in Christ with all their hearts, but that is not all that is required. They must also: keep ... the faith of Jesus ... As Ladd said, "This faith is objective?[57] It means keep the religion of Christ; accept and obey the tenets of true Christianity.-(Coffman's Commentaries).

Galatians 3:23 (-Young's Literal Translation)

“And before the coming of the faith, under law we were being kept, shut up to the faith about to be revealed,”

Ephesians 2:8 (-KJV)

“For by grace are ye saved, through τῆς-["the"] faith, and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God:”

(B3-2) Brothers,

I hope that you were able to distinguish between 'Subjective faith' and

'Objective-faith' (i.e. 'the faith of the Gospel'; 'the faith of Jesus').

(C1) 1 Peter 5:12

“10 But the God of all grace who hath called-καλέσας (kalesas)-to call) us unto his eternal glory by-ἐν (en)-in) Christ Jesus, after that ye have suffered-παθόντας (pathontas)-to suffer, endure, experience) a while-ὀλίγον (oligon)-a little, in a small degree), make you perfect-καταρτίσαι (katartisai)-to fit thoroughly, adjust, (to complete thoroughly:— fit, frame, mend, (make) perfect(-ly join together), prepare), stablish-στηρίξαι (sterixai)-to make firm, confirm), strengthen-σθενώσαι (sthenosai)-to strengthen, make strong), settle-θεμελιώσαι (themeliosai)-establish firmly) you-ὑμᾶς (humas)-you:—plural (as the objective of a verb). 11 To him be glory and dominion for ever and ever. Amen. 12 By Silvanus a faithful brother unto you, (as I suppose) I have written briefly, exhorting, and testifying, that this is-εἶναι (einai)-'to be') the true-ἀληθῆ (alethe)-true, genuine, honest, sincere) grace-χάριν (charin)-grace, graciousness) of God wherein-εἰς ἣν (eis hen)-into which) G2476 ye stand-ἑστήκατε (hestekate)-to set, place, (stand or be).”

OR,

(“..and testifying that this is the true grace of God wherein ["YE-HAVE-STOOD"//"ye-stand"].”)

(Inflection: Verb, Perfect, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural)

(C1-1) Note: Other verses that also use the same Greek word:

1. καλέσας-(hath called): Mat 2:7-(called) // Luk 19:13-(he called) // Gal 1:15-(called)

2. καταρτίσαι-(make perfect): Hebrews 13:21

3. στηρίξαι-(stablish): 2 Thessalonians 2:17

(C1-2) Note: the Greek words: (καταρτίσαι-"make perfect" // στηρίξαι-"stablish" // σθενώσαι-"strengthen" // θεμελιώσαι-"settle") are in the Optative mood. Definition of Optative: a. Is generally used in the so-called "fourth-class" conditions which express a wish or desire for an action to occur in which the completion of such is doubtful. OR,

("..after that ye have suffered a while, ["MAY-He-BE-DOWN-EQUIPPING"//"may-he-be-adjusting"] you, ["may-he-be-establishing"], ["MAY-He-BE-makING-FIRM"], ["MAY-He-BE-foundING"] you.")

**The above four (4) Greek words share the same

Inflection: Verb, Aorist, Active, Optative, 3rd Person, Singular

There is nothing wrong with the use of the Optative mood. The Apostle Peter was concluding his words by expressing his desire for fellow believers.

(C1-3) Note: The 'Alexandrian text-type' Greek texts do not use the Optative mood, but instead use the Future tense for the following Greek words: καταρτίσει ("will perfect") // στηρίξει ("will stablish') // σθενώσει ("will strengthen") // θεμελιώσει ("will settle"). OR,

["He-SHALL-BE-DOWN-EQUIPPING"//"shall-be-adjusting"] ["shall-be-establishing"], ["shall-BE-makING-FIRM"], ["He-SHALL-BE-foundING"//"shall-be-founding"]

**The above four (4) Greek words share the same

Inflection: Verb, Future, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

(C2) Pay close attention to the words:

("by-ἐν (en)-in) Christ Jesus") from 1 Peter 5:12. OR, ("in Christ Jesus").

Below is a diagram of Greek prepositions.

(C2-1) Note: The Greek Preposition ἐν (en) is highlighted in yellow inside the cube. The Greek Preposition ἐν (en) is governed by the Dative case only. Definition of the Dative case for the Greek Preposition: (ἐν): a. it denotes: being or remaining within, with the primary idea of rest and continuance. b. ἐν (en) only takes the Dative, a primary preposition denoting (fixed) position (in place, time or state). it has regard to place and space. It also denotes continuance in time.

(D) The words: ("in Christ Jesus") are commonly found

throughout the New Testament. Below are three (3) examples:

(D1) Romans 8:1

“There is therefore now-νῦν (nun)-at this time, (adverb of Time, now, i.e. at the present time) no-Οὐδὲν (ouden)-not even one) condemnation-κατάκριμα (katakrima)-the judgement against (any one), (damnatory sentence, an adverse sentence (the verdict):—condemnation) to them which are in-ἐν (en) Christ Jesus, who walk-περιπατοῦσιν (peripatousin)-to walk around, (fig. to regulate one's life, to conduct oneself) not after-κατὰ (kata)-according to) the flesh-σάρκα (sarka)-flesh, ((specially), a human being (as such):—carnal(-ly, + -ly minded), flesh(-ly); to comply in conduct with the impulse of the flesh), but after-κατὰ (kata)-according to) the spirit.”

(D1-1) Note: the Greek word: (περιπατοῦσιν-"who walk") is in the Present tense, Active voice, Participle mood. Definition of the Active: a. Represents the subject as the doer or performer of the action. e.g., in the sentence, "Jesus returned to Capernaum" Jesus performs the action. OR,

(“...There is therefore now no condemnation to them which are in Christ Jesus, ["they-are-walking"] not after the flesh, but after the spirit.”)

(D1-2) Note: Take note of the word (There is now), OR,

[Amplified]

“There is at the present moment no condemnation to them which are in Christ Jesus, who are-walking not after the flesh, but are-walking after the spirit.”

Brothers, it is not sufficient to simply say:

"I put my trust in the finish work of Christ".

(D1-3) Note: The 'Alexandrian text-type' Greek texts

do not have the following Greek words for Romans 8:1 :

(μὴ κατὰ σάρκα περιπατοῦσιν, ἀλλὰ κατὰ πνεῦμα),

OR,

(“who walk not after the flesh, but after the Spirit.”)

...check your modern translation.

(D2) 1 Corinthians 1:2

“Unto the Church of God which is at Corinth, to them that are sanctified-ἡγιασμένοις (hegiasmenois)-to separate, set apart) in-ἐν (en) Christ Jesus, called-κλητοῖς (kletos)-called) to be Saints-ἁγίοις (hagiois)-set apart, separate, holy), with-σὺν (sun)-with, along with, (a primary preposition denoting union; with or together) all that in every place call upon the Name of Jesus Christ our Lord, both theirs and ours.”

(D2-1) Note: the Greek word: (ἡγιασμένοις-"to them that are sanctified") is in the Perfect tense, Passive voice. Definition of the Perfect: a. which indicates a present-tense report of an action that has been completed but has effects in the now; like: "he has done". b. the perfect represents a present state from a past action. e.g. γεγραπται "It has been written". It was written and now bears witness in the present. Definition of the Passive: a. which indicates that the subject receives the action instead of performs it. b. Represents the subject as being the recipient of the action. e.g., in the sentence, "we were comforted" the subject "we" receives the action "were comforted". OR,

(“...Unto the Church of God which is at Corinth, ["to-ones-having-been-hallowed"] in Christ Jesus, called to be Saints,...”)

(D2-2) Note: The Church (Or, congregation) is composed of 'sanctified people'-(to separate, set apart). They are called Saints (Or, holy-ones). The words (to be) are not supplied by the Greek text (TR). However, it remains true that we are called (to be) holy. The key word here is: (in) Christ Jesus.

(D2-3) Note: the Greek words: (κλητοῖς-"called" // ἁγίοις-"Saints") are Adjectives. Definition of an Adjective: a. An adjective is a word, phrase, or clause that describes another noun or pronoun. OR,

(“...Unto the Church of God which is at Corinth, to them that are sanctified in Christ Jesus, ["CALLed"] to be ["HOLY-ones"//"saints"],...”)

(D2-4) Note: A (saint) is not a 'title'-(Or, a Noun) or an 'imputed status', but rather, a 'description'-(Or, an Adjective), that is, one who is set apart, separate, holy and it is by virtue of their being in the spiritual body of Christ, "in him," and therefore possessing a complete identity with the Saviour.

OR,

The ["HOLY-ones"//"saints"] are those sanctified in Christ Jesus.

(D2-4a) Consider: Romans 12:1

(“I beseech you therefore, brethren, by the mercies of God, that ye present your bodies a living sacrifice, holy-(Adjective), acceptable unto God, which is your reasonable service.”)

(D3) Galatians 3:26

25“ But after that Faith is come, we are no longer under a Schoolmaster. 26 For ye are-ἐστε (este)-'to be') all the children of God by-διὰ (dia)-through, by means of) faith in-ἐν (en) Christ Jesus. 27 For as many of you as have been baptized into Christ, have put on Christ.”

(D3-1) Note: the Greek word: (ἐστε-"ye are") is in the Present tense. Definition of the Present: a. Represents a simple statement of fact or reality viewed as occurring in actual time. b. which indicates that the action is in the now. c. The present represents a present state, or an action going on at the present time.

OR,

(“For ["YE-ARE"] all the children of God by faith in Christ Jesus.”)

(C3-2) Note: Both the Byzantine text-type and the Alexandrian text-type show a definite article (τῆς) prior to the word: (faith-πίστεως).

OR,

(“...For ye are all the children of God by-διὰ (dia)-through, by means of)

["THE"]-τῆς faith-πίστεως in-ἐν Christ Jesus.”)

(E) The Strong's Number: G2476 can be found for a total of 155 times.

Below is one (1) example.

(E1) Romans 11:20

“18 Boast not against the branches: But if thou boast, thou bearest not the root, but the root thee. 19 Thou wilt say then, The branches were broken off, that I might be graffed in. 20 Well: because of unbelief they were broken off, and thou G2476 standest-ἕστηκας (estekas)-to set, place, (stand or be) by faith. Be not highminded, but fear. 21 For if God spared not the natural branches, take heed lest he also spare not thee.”

OR,

“Well: because of unbelief they were broken off, and thou *standest-["stand"] by faith. ...”)

*(Inflection: Verb, Perfect, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person, Singular)

(E1-1) Note: the Greek word: (ἕστηκας-standest) is an Active Verb. Definition of a Verb: A word or phrase denoting an action. Definition of the Active voice: a. Represents the subject as the doer or performer of the action.

e.g., in the sentence, "Jesus returned to Capernaum" Jesus performs the action.

(E1-2) Note: Both the Byzantine text-type and the Alexandrian text-type show a Definite Article (τῇ) prior to the word: (faith-πίστει).

OR,

(“Well; because of unbelief they were broken off, and thou standest by-τῇ-["to-THE"] faith-πίστει. ...”)

(E1-3) Note: OR, as the Majority text reads it:

σὺ-["YOU"] δὲ-["YET"] τῇ-["to-THE"] πίστει-["faith"] ἕστηκας-["stand"]

(E1-4) Note: Both, the Definite-article: (τῇ-["to-THE"]) and the word: (faith) have the Dative-case. Definition of the Dative-case: a. One of the functions of the dative case is to shows the relationship of a Dative (-Noun or -Pronoun) to a Verb, often found inside a prepositional phrase. b. The Dative Noun or Pronoun tells “to whom” or “for whom” the action of the Verb is performed. c. Greek Prepositions: (e.g. ἐν, ἐπί, παρά) in Dative-cases have unique meanings/definitions.

Definition of Nouns: are words that describe people, places, or things.

Definition of Pronouns: are words that "substitute" for nouns, referring to people, places, or things that are known in the given context.

Definition of Verbs: A word or phrase denoting an action.

E.g. His disciples came up to show-(Verb) Him-(Personal-Pronoun, Dative-case) the buildings of the temple.

OR,

His disciples came up to show-(Verb) Him-["to-him"]-(Personal- Pronoun, Dative-case) the buildings of the temple.

Note: The word: (to) compliments the Dative-case. And the word: (him) compliments the Personal-Pronoun. OR, (to-him).

Note: The Verb: (to show) performs the action "to" or "for" the Dative Pronoun: (Him).

OR,

The Dative-Pronoun: (Him) is the recipient of the action of-the Verb: (to show).

Note: Examples of the words: ("to" or "for"):

(e.g. "I bought a gift for you in celebration of your birthday")

(e.g. "I will be delivering a gift to you between noon and evening")

The word: ("for") should Not be understood as: 'on behalf of' // 'because of'. But rather, it has the same meaning as the word: ("to").

(E1-5) Note: Back to Romans 11:20

“...and thou standest-(verb) τῇ-by-["to-THE"]-(Definite-article, Dative-case) πίστει-faith-["faith"] - (Noun, Dative-case).

The word: (to) compliments the Dative-case. And the word: (THE) compliments the Definite-article. OR, (to-THE).

(E1-6) You might of thought the word: (by), as in: "by faith", implied: ("through", or "by means of":— Gr. Preposition: G1223 διὰ). However, this is not so. The Dative Noun: (faith): tells “to whom” or “for whom” an action-(i.e. the Verb: (standest) is performed. OR,

The Dative Noun: (faith) is the recipient of the action of-the Verb: (standest). OR,

"...and thou

τῇ-by-["to-THE"]-Definite-article, Dative-case)

πίστει-faith-["faith"]-Noun, Dative-case) i.e. the 'Dative Noun'

ἕστηκας-standest-["stand"]-(Verb, Perfect, Active, Indicative)

The same grammatical format that is used above,

is also used at the beginning of the same verse. Compare:

"well:

τῇ-because of-["to-THE"]-Definite-article, Dative-case)

ἀπιστίᾳ-unbelief-["UN-BELIEF"]-Noun, Dative-case) i.e. the 'Dative Noun'

ἐξεκλάσθησαν-they were broken off-["they-are-broken-out"]-(Verb, Aorist, Passive, Indicative)

OR,

(F) Examination of Romans 11:20.

(F1) Please understand that when translating from Greek to English, translators sometimes have to use English words that best define a Greek word. However, sometimes its English equivalent does not always bring out the most out of the Greek word. Or at times, the reader might presume that the English word was translated from a particular Greek word.

Consider Romans 11:20 as an example:

(F1-1) Note: The English word: ("well: (because of) unbelief...") is a common translation for the Greek Preposition: G1223 διὰ + Accusative, which denotes: 'on account of', 'because of'.

(F1-2) Note: The English word: ("...and thou standest (by) faith) is a common translation for the Greek Preposition: G1223 διὰ + Genitive, which denotes: 'through', 'by means of', 'by'.

However, neither of these Greek Prepositions are used in Romans 11:20.

(F1-3) Note: (1.) It is good practice to verify which Greek word is behind its English equivalent. In the case of Romans 11:20, two (2) Definite-articles + Dative-case (τῇ) precede the words: (unbelief) & (faith).

["well: (τῇ-["to-THE"]) unbelief they were broken off..." ]

["...and thou standest (τῇ-["to-THE"]) faith, ..."]

(2.) and not:

two Greek Prepositions: G1223 διὰ(+ Accusative-case, or + Genitive-case).

(3.) The Dative Nouns: (unbelief) & (faith) tells “to whom” or “for whom” the action of-the Verbs: (they were broken off) & (standest) is performed.

OR,

1). Romans 11:20

because of-τῇ-["to-THE"]-Definite-article, Dative, Singular, Feminine
unbelief-ἀπιστίᾳ-["UN-BELIEF"]-Noun, Dative, Singular, Feminine
they were broken off-ἐξεκλάσθησαν-["THEY-ARE-OUT-BROKEN"//"they-are-broken-out"]-Verb, Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

[Amplified]

they were broken off ["to-THE"] unbelief

2). Romans 11:20

by-τῇ-["to-THE"]-Definite-article, Dative, Singular, Feminine
faith-πίστει-["BELIEF"//"faith"]-Noun, Dative, Singular, Feminine
thou standest-ἐξεκλάσθησαν-["HAVE-STOOD"//"stand"]-Verb, Perfect, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person, Singular

[Amplified]

thou standest ["to-THE"] faith

(G) Comparing Romans 11:20 to other verses.

(G1) Consider Acts 6:7 & Acts 14:22, these two verses (among others) use the same Greek words (τῇ πίστει) as in Romans 11:20. However, the KJV use different English words for the Greek word: (τῇ) πίστει. Compare:

(G1-1) Romans 11:20

“Well; because of unbelief they were broken off, and thou standest-(verb)

by-τῇ-["to-THE"]-Definite article, Dative, Singular, Feminine.

faith-πίστει-["BELIEF"//"faith"]-Noun, Dative, Singular, Feminine. ...”

(G1-2) Acts 6:7

“... and a great company of the Priests were obedient-(verb)

to the-τῇ-["to-THE"]-Definite article, Dative, Singular, Feminine.

faith-πίστει-["BELIEF"//"faith"]-Noun, Dative, Singular, Feminine.”

(G1-3) Acts 14:22

“Confirming the souls of the disciples, and exhorting them to continue-(verb)

in the-τῇ-["to-THE"]-Definite article, Dative, Singular, Feminine.

faith-πίστει-["BELIEF"//"faith"]-Noun, Dative, Singular, Feminine. ...”

(G1-4) Although it may seem that the English translation is being inconsistent, it is only supplying English words that best accommodate the context while at the same time rendering a good translation of the Greek word. However, I have my concerns, I would like to bring to your attention the following two points:

(G1-4a) Greek Prepositions.

1). If not careful, the English word: (by) as in (by faith -(Romans 11:20) can easily be misunderstood or assumed to have been translated from the Greek Preposition: G1223 διὰ + Genitive, which denotes: 'through', 'by means of', 'by'.

2). The English word (in the) as in (in the faith -(Acts 14:22) can easily be misunderstood or assumed to have been translated from the Greek Preposition: G1722 ἐν + Dative, which denotes: 'being or remaining within'

(G1-4b) Sub-Categories.

1). You most likely understand the words: (by faith) from Romans 11:20 to fall under the sub-category of: 'Dative-Instrumental': The Dative-Instrumental may be used to indicate the Means, Cause, Manner, or Agent by which an event occurs.

2). You most likely understand the words: (in the faith) from Acts 14:22 to fall under the sub-category of: 'Dative-Locative of Sphere': The locative of sphere serves to limit spherically (within the spheres of a thing). This is most often a metaphorical use of the locative. The limit is logical rather than spatial or temporal, confining the idea within the bounds of the sphere of a thing.

(G1-5) The problem with the above (Greek Prepositions & Sub-Categories), is that it seems to me that we are relying on the English words (e.g. "by" & "in the") to create sub-categories for the Dative-case (i.e. 'Dative-Instrumental' & 'Dative-Locative of Sphere') that resemble Greek prepositions:

(i.e. G1223 διὰ + Genitive & G1722 ἐν + Dative).

For instance, compare 1 Corinthians 16:13, to Acts 14:22.

1 Corinthians 16:13 uses the Greek Preposition: G1722 ἐν + Dative-case for the word: (in). While Acts 14:22 does not.

(G1-5a) 1 Corinthians 16:13

“Watch ye, stand fast-(Verb)

in-ἐν-["IN"]-Preposition + Dative

the-τῇ-["THE"]-Definite article, Dative, Singular, Feminine

faith-πίστει-["BELIEF"//"faith"]-Noun, Dative, Singular, Feminine

quit you like men: be strong.”

For the above, the placement of the Greek Preposition: (ἐν) + Dative-case prior to the Greek words: (τῇ πίστει (the faith)), modifies. Meaning:
The 'definition' of the Greek Preposition (ἐν) + Dative-case must be applied, OR:

“Watch ye, stand fast-(-'to stand firm') in-ἐν-(-'in', -'within':—a primary preposition denoting (fixed) position (in place, time or state) the faith...”

Note: the Greek words: (Γρηγορεῖτε-"Watch ye" // ἀνδρίζεσθε-"stand fast" // Γρηγορεῖτε-"quit you like men" // κραταιοῦσθε-"be strong"), are all in the Imperative mood. Definition of the Imperative mood: a. Corresponds to the English imperative, and expresses a command to the hearer to perform a certain action by the order and authority of the one commanding. Thus, Jesus' phrase, "Repent ye, and believe the gospel" (Mk.1:15) is not at all an "invitation," but an absolute command requiring full obedience on the part of all hearers.

(G1-5b) Acts 14:22

“Confirming the souls of the disciples, and exhorting them to continue-(Verb)

in the-τῇ-["to-THE"]-Definite article, Dative, Singular, Feminine

faith-πίστει-["BELIEF"//"faith"]-Noun, Dative, Singular, Feminine ...”

For the above, there is no Greek Preposition: (ἐν) + Dative-case prior to the Greek words: (τῇ πίστει (in the faith)). Meaning, the words: (τῇ πίστει) are not modified.
The words: (in the) represent the Greek word: (τῇ). The word: (in) represents the Dative-case, while the word: (the) represents the Definite-article, i.e. ["to-THE"].
You might ask, why wasn't it written: “to continue to-the faith” then? instead of: “to continue in-the faith"? Well, it is not a practical way of saying it.
There is one (1) other verse that also follows the same Grammatical construct as in Acts 14:22 using the words:

(“continue in the-τῇ faith-πίστει”). Meaning:

[Verb] + [Definite-article, Dative-case] + [Noun, Dative-case]

1). Colossians 1:23

21 “And you that were sometime alienated, and enemies //in your mind by wicked works (Or, by your mind in wicked works), yet now hath he reconciled, 22 In the body of his flesh through death, to present you holy and unblameable, and unreproveable in his sight, 23 If ye continue-(Verb)

in the-τῇ-(Definite-article, Dative-case-["to-THE"])

faith-πίστει-(Noun, Dative-case-["BELIEF"//"faith"]) grounded and settled,...”

OR,

“If ye continue to the faith grounded and settled,...”

Although both 1 Corinthians 16:13 & Acts 14:22 use the same Greek words: (τῇ πίστει), the interpretation changes when the Greek Preposition: (ἐν) + Dative-case is inserted for 1 Corinthians 16:13. This is true even if both verses share the same Greek words: (τῇ πίστει) with the same inflection:

1). 1 Corinthians 16:13

Textus Receptus: (Γρηγορεῖτε, στήκετε ἐν τῇ πίστει, ἀνδρίζεσθε, κραταιοῦσθε.)

στήκετε : Verb, Present, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person, Plural ["be-ye-standing-firm!"]
ἐν : Greek Preposition + Dative-case ["IN"]
τῇ : Definite-article, Dative-case, Singular, Feminine ["THE"]
πίστει : Noun, Dative-case, Singular, Feminine ["faith"]

2). Acts 14:22

Textus Receptus: (. . .παρακαλοῦντες ἐμμένειν τῇ πίστει, καὶ ὅτι . . .)

ἐμμένειν : Verb, Present, Active, Infinitive ["to-be-in-remaining"]
τῇ : Definite-article, Dative-case, Singular, Feminine ["to-THE"]
πίστει : Noun, Dative-case, Singular, Feminine ["faith"]

The Verb: ["to-be-in-remaining"] perform the action ["for or to -THE"] Dative Noun: ["faith"]. OR, the Dative Noun: ["faith"] is the recipient of the action of-the Verb: ["to-be-in-remaining"].
The word: ["to-THE"] compliments the Dative-case, while the word:

["to-THE"] compliments the Definite-article. Hence, ["to-THE"].

Notice the difference between:

the Definite-article (τῇ-["THE"]) of 1 Cor 16:13.

the Definite-article (τῇ-["to-THE"]) of Acts 14:22.

The Definite-article: (τῇ) of 1 Cor 16:13 is modified by the Greek Preposition: (ἐν) + Dative that precedes it: (ἐν τῇ). OR, in 1 Cor 16:13, the definition of-the Dative-case of the Greek Preposition: (ἐν) is applied instead of the definition of-the Dative-case of the Definite-article: (τῇ).

OR,

Correct- ["be-ye-standing-firm!"] ἐν-["IN"] τῇ-["THE"] πίστει-["FAITH"]

Wrong- ["be-ye-standing-firm!"] ἐν-["IN"] τῇ-["to-THE"] πίστει-["FAITH"]

side note: the Greek word: (ἐμμένειν-to continue) is in the Present, Active, Infinitive. OR,

Acts 14:22

“Confirming the souls of the disciples, and exhorting them to continue-["TO-BE-REMAINING"] in the-["to-THE"] faith-["faith"], and that we must through much tribulation enter into the kingdom of God.”

(G2) Note: What does it all mean?, well, (1). First, it is important to distinguish between:

'Greek Prepositions + case' & 'Definite Articles + case'.

These two are not synonymous to each other, nor do they have the same -definition, -meaning, -interpretation. (2). It is not uncommon for English Translations to use 'Greek Prepositions' & 'Definite Articles' for the same English word.

(H) Summary of Romans 11:20

(H1) Now,

In no wise am I suggesting that the English Translation has done a poor job in choosing the same English words ("in the") for:

1 Corinthians 16:13

"in the"

Greek Preposition (ἐν) + Dative-case + Definite-article (τῇ) + Dative-case

& for:

Acts 14:22

"in the"

Definite-article (τῇ) + Dative-case.

However, it is important to make a distinction between the [Greek Preposition + Dative-case] and the [Definite-article + Dative-case]. Compare:

(H1-1) 1 Corinthians 16:13

(w/ the Greek Preposition G1722 (ἐν) + Dative-case)

“Watch ye, stand fast-(verb)-(i.e. 'to remain')

in-ἐν (in, within) the-τῇ [THE] faith-πίστει. ...”

(H1-1a) Note: Although 1 Corinthians 16:13 has the same Definite-article (τῇ) and Dative-case as in Acts 14:22; it is 'modified' by the Greek Preposition: G1722 (ἐν) + Dative. Hence the difference between

τῇ-[THE]-1 Cor 16:13 & τῇ-[to-THE]-Acts 14:22.

(H1-2) Acts 14:22

(w/ the Definite-article (τῇ) + Dative-case)

“... and exhorting them to continue-(verb)

in the-τῇ [to-THE] faith-πίστει. ...”

(H1-2a) Note: The word: (to) compliments the Dative-case. And the word: (THE) compliments the Definite-article. OR, (to-THE)

(H1-3) Note: To sub-categorize Acts 14:22 (in the-τῇ) as a 'Dative-Locative of Sphere' is as if to be to -overlapping, -applying the:

Greek Preposition: G1722 (ἐν) + Dative-case :— ["IN"]

Over:

the Definite-article (τῇ) + Dative-case :— ["to-THE"]

(H1-4) Note: In Acts 14:22, the verb: (to continue) performs the action [to or for -the] Dative Noun: (faith). OR, the Dative Noun: (faith) is the recipient of the 'action' of-the verb: (to continue). OR,

(“... and exhorting them to continue [to-THE] faith, ...”)

(H1-5) Note: To be clear, I am not against the words: ('in the') for Acts 14:22, but would like for the reader to understand that there is no Greek Preposition: G1722 (ἐν) + Dative for the word: (in) for Acts 14:22. And I personally don't think the words: (in the) should be sub-categorized under: 'Dative-Locative of Sphere', because in doing so, is as if to be -overlapping, -applying the

Greek Preposition: G1722 (ἐν) + Dative-case 'over' or 'in the place of':

the Definite-article (τῇ) + Dative-case.

(J) Re-Examining Romans 11:20.

20 “Well: because of unbelief they were broken off, and thou standest by faith. Be not highminded, but fear.”

(J1-1) Note: The English word: (by) as in (and thou standest by faith -(Romans 11:20) can easily be misunderstood or assumed to have been translated from the Greek Preposition: G1223 διὰ + Genitive-case, which denotes: 'through', 'by means of', 'by'.

(J1-2) Note: You most likely understand the word: (and thou standest by faith) from Romans 11:20 to fall under the sub-category of: 'Dative-Instrumental': The Dative-Instrumental may be used to indicate the Means, Cause, Manner, or Agent by which an event occurs.

(J1-3) Note: Consider Romans 3:22 & 2 Corinthians 5:7, these two verses (among others) use the same English words: (by faith) as in Romans 11:20. However, Romans 3:22 & 2 Corinthians 5:7 use:

the Greek Preposition: G1223 διὰ + Genitive-case.

instead of:

the Definite-article τῇ + Dative-case.

Compare:

(J1-3a) Romans 11:20

“Well: because of unbelief they were broken off, and thou standest-(verb)

by-τῇ-["to-THE"]-Definite article, Dative, Singular, Feminine

faith-πίστει-["BELIEF"//"faith"]-Noun, Dative, Singular, Feminine ...”

(J1-3b) Romans 3:22

“Even the righteousness of God, which is

by-διὰ-["THRU"//"through"]-Preposition + Genitive

faith-πίστεως-["BELIEF"//"faith"]-Noun, Genitive, Singular, Feminine

of Jesus-Ἰησοῦ-["OF-JESUS"]-Noun, Genitive, Singular, Masculine

Christ-Χριστοῦ-["ANOINTED"//"Christ"]-Noun, Genitive, Singular, Masculine

unto all, and upon all them that believe: ...”

(J1-3c) 2 Corinthians 5:7

(“For we walk

by-διὰ-["THRU"//"through"]-Preposition + Genitive

faith-πίστεως-["BELIEF"//"faith"]-Noun, Genitive, Singular, Feminine,

not by sight.”)

(J1-4) Note: Now, In no wise am I suggesting that the KJV translation has done a poor job in choosing the same English word: ("by") for:

the Greek Preposition (διὰ) + Genitive-case :— (Rom 3:22) & (2 Cor 5:7)

and also for:

the Definite-article (τῇ) + Dative-case :— (Rom 11:20)

(J1-5) Note: However, it is important to make a distinction between:

the Greek Preposition (διὰ) + Genitive-case : ("by")-["through"//"THRU"]

the Definite-article (τῇ) + Dative-case : ("by")-["to-THE"]

Compare:

(J1-5a) 2 Corinthians 5:7

(w/ the Greek Preposition G1223 (διὰ) + Genitive-case)

“For we walk-(verb) by-διὰ ["through"]-(through, by means of) faith-πίστει. ...”

OR,

(“For we walk-["we-are-walking"] by-["through"] faith-["faith"] ...”)

(J1-5b) Romans 11:20

(w/ the Definite-article (τῇ) + Dative-case)

“... and thou standest-(verb) by-τῇ ["to-THE"] faith-πίστει. ...”

OR,

(“..and thou standest-["stand"] by-["to-THE"] faith-["faith"]. Be not highminded,..”)

(J1-5b1) Note: The word: (to) compliments the Dative-case. And the word: (THE) compliments the Definite1-article. OR, (to-THE)

(J1-5b2) Note: The inflection of Greek word: (ἕστηκας-standest) is:

Verb, Perfect, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person, Singular.

OR, ["HAVE-STOOD"//"stand"]

(J1-6) Note: To sub-categorize Romans 11:20 ('by'-τῇ) as a

'Dative-Instrumental' is as if to be to -overlapping, -applying the:

Greek Preposition: G1223 διὰ + Genitive-case :— ["through"]

Over:

the Definite Article τῇ + Dative-case :— ["to-THE"]

(J1-7) Note: In Romans 11:20, the verb: (standest) performs the action [to or for -THE] Dative Noun: (faith).

(J1-8) Note: To be clear, I am not against the word: ('by') for Romans 11:20, but would like for the reader to understand that there is no Greek Preposition: G1223 διὰ + Genitive for the word: (by) for Romans 11:20. And I personally don't think the word: (by) should be sub-categorized under: 'Dative-Instrumental', because in doing so, is as if to be -overlapping, -applying the Greek Preposition: G1223 διὰ + Genitive-case 'over' or 'in the place of' the Definite-article (τῇ) + Dative-case.

(3)

Back to: MENU

(A) The third word I would like to bring to your attention are the words: (G4982 ye are saved-σῴζεσθε).

(A1) The inflection of: (G4982 ye are saved-σῴζεσθε) is:

Verb, Present, Passive, Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural.

OR,

(“By which also ["YE-ARE-beING-SAVED"], if ye keep in memory what I preached unto you, unless ye have believed in vain.”)-1 Cor 15:2

(B) There is no other verse in the New Testament that uses the Greek word: (σῴζεσθε-G4982) as found in 1 Cor 15:2. However, the Strong's Number: G4982 can be found for a total of 110 times. Below are some examples of G4982:

(B1) 1 Peter 4:18

17 “For-ὅτι (hoti)-because) the time-καιρὸς (kairos)-a fixed time or season) is come that judgment-κρίμα (krima)-judgement, judging, (judgment which is formed or passed)) must begin-ἄρξασθαι (arxasthai)-to begin, commence) at-ἀπὸ (apo)-from) the house-οἴκου (oikou)-house, (by implication: the family of God, of the Christian Church, believers)) of God: and if it first begin at us, what shall the end-τέλος (telos)-end (by implication: the conclusion of an act or state (termination (literally, figuratively or indefinitely), result (immediate, ultimate or prophetic), final lot, fate)) be of them that obey not-ἀπειθούντων (apeithounton)-to be unpersuaded, disobedient, (to disbelieve (wilfully and perversely):—not believe, disobedient, obey not, unbelieving)) the Gospel-εὐαγγελίῳ (evaggelio)-good news, tidings, word, (e.g. the proclamation of the grace of God manifest and pledged in Christ)) of God? 18 And if-Εἰ (Ei)-if) the righteous-δίκαιος (dikaios)-right, righteous, just, (e.g. upright)) scarcely-μόλις (molis)-hardly, with difficulty) G4982 be saved-σῴζεται (sozetai)-to make or keep sound or safe), where shall the ungodly-ἀσεβής (asebes)-irreverent, impious) and the sinner-ἁμαρτωλὸς (hamartolos)-sinful, sinner, erring one) appear-φανεῖται (phaneitai)-appear, be seen)?"

OR,

(“And if the righteous scarcely be saved-["IS-beING-SAVED"], where shall the ungodly and the sinner appear?”)

(Inflection: Verb, Present, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular)

(B1-1) Note: Other verses that also use the same Greek word:

1. ἀπειθούντων-(that obey not): Rom 15:31-(that do not believe)

2. δίκαιος-(righteous): Hebrews 10:38 (just)

3. μόλις-(scarcely): Romans 5:7

(B1-2) Note: the Greek word: (ἀπειθούντων-"that obey not") is in the Present tense, Active voice. OR,

(“... what shall the end be of them ["UN-PERSUADING-ones"//"ones-being-stubborn"] the Gospel of God?")

(B1-3) Note: Note well that the Greek word: (ἀπειθούντων-"that obey not") has the force of two words: (belief) + (obedience). After all, the faith that saves, is a faith that obeys.

(B1-4) Note: Both 1 Corinthians 15:2 & 1 Peter 4:18 are the only two verses that shares a close inflection for the Greek words:

1 Peter 4:18

“And if the righteous scarcely G4982 σῴζεται-be saved, where shall...”

1 Cor 15:2

“By which also G4982 σῴζεσθε-ye are saved, if ye keep in memory...”

The difference is in the:

G4982 σῴζεται-be saved-["IS-beING-SAVED"]

1 Pet 4:18 : Verb, Present, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular.

G4982 σῴζεσθε-ye are saved-["YE-ARE-beING-SAVED"]

1 Cor 15:2 : Verb, Present, Passive, Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural.

Definition of the Passive voice: Represents the subject as being the recipient of the action. e.g., in the sentence, "we were comforted" the subject "we" receives the action. Definition of the Present tense: a. Represents a simple statement of fact or reality viewed as occurring in actual time. b. which indicates that the action is in the now. c. The present represents a present state, or an action going on at the present time.

(B1-5) Note: In 1 Cor 15:2, the verse continues with:

(“...[ye are saved- "YE-ARE-beING-SAVED"- Present, Passive], if ye keep in memory what I preached unto you, unless ye have believed in vain.”).

Commentary:

(B1-6) Note: Lastly, notice the -CONdition by which we are being-saved:

(“if ye keep in memory what I preached unto you”).

In 1 Pet 4:18 it is the: [righteous Or, ["just-one"]-Adjective] who scarcely is-being-saved-Singular. The word: (righteous) is and Adjective, as so is the word: (Saints) from 1 Cor 1:2. An Adjective is a word, phrase, or clause that describes another Noun or Pronoun. OR,

The words: (righteous) & (Saints) are not 'titles' or, an 'imputed status', but rather, descriptions of the Christian-(Noun)-1 Pet 4:16.

Consider:

(B1-6a) 1 Timothy 3:2-7

(“A (bishop-Noun) then must be (blameless-Adjective), (the husband-Noun) (of one-Adjective) (wife-Noun), (vigilant-Adjective), (sober-Adjective), (of good behaviour-Adjective), (given to hospitality-Adjective), (apt to teach-Adjective);”)

Just as a (bishop) has expectations, so does a Christian; for a (bishop) is also a Christian (i.e. one who is 'holy'-(Saint) & one who is 'just'-(righteous).

(B1-6b) Note: "But most importantly, Who we are, and what we do, is

in-ἐν (en) Christ Jesus."

that use the Strong's Number:

G4982-('to save') with the Perfect tense (in relation to the plan of salvation.)

Compare below:

(C1) Ephesians 2:5 & 8

4 “But God who is-ὢν (on)-being) rich-πλούσιος (plousios)-rich, (metaphorically and universally: abounding, abundantly supplied) in mercy-ἐλέει (eleei)-kindness, beneficence, compassion), for-διὰ (dia)-because of, on account of) his great-πολλὴν (pollen)-much, plenteous) love-ἀγάπην (agapen)-to love, (i.e. affection or benevolence) wherewith he loved-ἠγάπησεν (egapesen)-to love:—(be-)love(-ed) us, 5 Even when we were dead-νεκροὺς (nekrous)-dead (literally or figuratively), (i.e. spiritually dead) in sins-παραπτώμασι (paraptomasi)-fall, offence, trespass, (a side-slip (lapse or deviation), i.e. (unintentional) error or (wilful) transgression:—fall, fault, offence, sin, trespass), hath quickened us together-συνεζωοποίησε (sunezoopoise)-to give or preserve life together, (i.e. to make one alive together with another) with Christ, (by grace ye are-ἐστε (este)-'to be') G4982 saved-σεσῳσμένοι (sesosmenoi)-to make or keep sound or safe, (i.e. be rescued or saved)) 6 And hath raised us up together, and made us sit together in heavenly places in-ἐν (en) Christ Jesus: 7 That in the ages to come, he might shew the exceeding riches of his grace, in his kindness toward us, through Christ Jesus. 8 For-γὰρ (gar)-for, verily, therefore) by-τῇ (te)-to(the), by) grace-χάριτί (chariti)-grace, graciousness) are ye-ἐστε (este)-"you are" (second person plural of 'to be')) G4982 saved-σεσῳσμένοι (sesosmenoi)-to make or keep sound or safe, (to save, i.e. deliver or protect)), through-διὰ (dia)-through, by means of) faith-πίστεως (pisteos)-faith, faithfulness, steadfastness), and-καὶ (kai)-and) that-τοῦτο (touto)-this (thing)) not-οὐκ (ouk)-no, not) of-ἐξ (ex)-out of) yourselves-ὑμῶν (humon)-of you, your (own, -selves)): it is the-τὸ (to)-the) gift-δῶρον (doron)-a gift, present) of God-Θεοῦ (Theou)-God, (God the Father)): 9 Not-οὐκ (ouk)-no, not (the absolute negative)) of-ἐξ (ex)-out of) works-ἔργων (ergon)-work, deed, doing, labour), lest-ἵνα μή (hina me)-that not) any man-τις (tis)-any, anyone) should boast-καυχήσηται (kauchesetai)-to boast, glory).”

OR,

(“Even when we were dead in sins, hath quickened us together with Christ, (by grace ye are saved-["having-been-saved"//"saved"])”)-verse (5)

(Inflection: Verb, Perfect, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine)

(“For by grace are ye saved-["having-been-saved"//"saved"], through faith, and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God:”)-verse (8)

(Inflection: Verb, Perfect, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine)

(C1-1) Note: The Byzantine text-type shows a definite article (τῆς) prior to the word (faith-πίστεως).

OR,

(“For by grace are ye saved, through τῆς-["THE"] faith, and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God:”)

(C1-2) Commentaries for Ephesians 2:5 & 8:

1.) For by grace are ye saved through faith.- Lest they might forget the doctrine that he ever preached, he reminds them that works of the law never saved them; that they were saved by God's grace shown in the gospel; that this salvation was obtained through the faith. The definite article-[("the")] is found before faith in the Greek, showing that the faith, or the gospel, is meant. It is the gift of God.- The salvation is not due to ourselves, but is God's gift. The grammatical construction of the Greek does not allow us to make "faith" the subject of the last clause-[("and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God")]. It is not "faith," but salvation through the faith, which is the gift of God. So says John Wesley in his Notes: "This refers to the [(whole)] previous clause, That you are saved-[(i.e. For by grace are ye saved through (the) faith)], etc." Not of works.- The salvation is not due to works of law, or to our own merit; hence there is no ground for boasting. -(People's New Testament). SL

2.) Through faith ... The most likely meaning of this phrase, as attested by the Emphatic Diaglott rendition of it, is "through the faith,"[25] that is, "through the Christian faith," or the Christian religion. One thing is absolutely certain: this cannot mean the subjective trust/faith of sinners.-(Coffman Commentaries). SL

3.) Paul's reference to salvation in the past perfect tense as something done and accomplished already has no reference to final destiny but to the primary obedience that makes a true child of God.-(Coffman Commentaries). SL

More on Ephesians 2:8 in section: (G8)

(D) 2 Corinthians 1:24

(D-1) If we go back to 2 Corinthians 1:24 and read: "by faith ye stand". The Greek Verb: ἑστήκατε-"ye stand" is in the Perfect-tense, Active-voice, Indicative-mood. The Dative Noun: (faith) shows a relationship to the verb: (ye stand). The Dative Noun: (faith) tells “to whom” or “for whom” the action: (ye stand) is performed. OR, the action of-the verb: (ye stand) performs the action ["to"//"for" -the] Dative Noun: (faith). Compare:

(D-2) 2 Corinthians 1:24

“Not for that we have dominion over your faith,

but are helpers of your joy: for by faith ye stand.”

OR,

for-γὰρ-["for"]-Conjunction

by-τῇ-["to-THE"]-Definite-article, Dative, Singular, Feminine.

faith-πίστει-["BELIEF"//"faith"]-Noun, Dative, Singular, Feminine.

ye stand-ἑστήκατε-["YE-HAVE-STOOD"//"ye-stand"]-Verb, Perfect, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural).

(D2-1) Note: (1.) The Active voice Represents the subject: (“ye” stand) as the doer or performer of the action: (ye “stand”).

(2.) 'by faith' OR,

by-["to-THE"] faith OR,

the Dative Noun: (faith) tells “to whom” or “for whom” the action: (ye stand) is performed. OR, the Dative Noun: (faith) is the recipient of the action

of-the verb: (ye stand). OR,

“["to-THE"] faith ye stand”.

(D2-2) Note: But as we have learned, 'faith' has expectations, some are in the Imperative mood; Present tense; Middle voice; Subjunctive mood, as well as Conditional. A common misconception of 'faith' is in that it is seen as -a mental action, -a mental assent, -an inward acknowledgment, -to simply put your trust/faith(-in/-on/-upon/-into), and do not see that 'the faith of the Gospel' requires for the believer to -demonstrate, -show, -express, -manifest his faith. It is more than just saying "I believe". Faith without works is dead. 'Faith' is proceeded by actions, and all in 'accordance' to the words of God.

(D3) Often times we make a separation between 'faith' and 'obedience', as if one is prominent over the other, or as if one is salvific and the other is not. The book of Hebrews Chapter 11 is filled with examples of 'faith' followed by 'obedience'. Consider: Hebrews 11:7 & Hebrews 11:8 & Hebrews 11:11

(D3-1) Hebrews 11:7

(“By faith Noah being warned of God of things not seen as yet, moved with fear, prepared an Ark to the saving of his house, by the which he condemned the world, and became heir of the righteousness which is by faith.”)

(D3-1a) Note: Noah believed God and he demonstrated his faith by obeying God's word; he built an Ark. How much different is it under the New testament to have faith in God's word, which does say: "continue", "obey", "follow", "be" "do" etc. I ask, Do we not do so, by faith?

'to believe' is not some idle conception of thought conceived in the mind at some point in the past that warranted you a permanent salvation. On the contrary, to believe in/on/upon Jesus, or, in/on/upon his name, is to believe, obey, and act upon the words of the Lord as he -instructed, -commanded, -ordained them. We do not make a -separation, -distinction between what Jesus -did, -accomplished, or -came to do, from what he has instructed us to observe.

Nor should we say that to believe in/on/upon Jesus, or, in/on/upon his name, is -intended, -meant, -implied to believe -solely, -exclusively, on what he has -accomplished, -procured during his ministry, and so, disjoining what he accomplished for us, from what he -instructed, -commanded, -ordained for his -church, -body, -congregation.

And if we agree that 'to believe' in/on/upon Jesus is more than just the message of the death, burial, and resurrection, then why are we calling 'obedience' a 'works-based salvation'?

To be fair, the 'core' of Hebrews 11 is faith ('to believe'). Then again, one will not obey what he does not believe, or do any of you believe and obey Allah?

(D3-2) Hebrews 11:8

(“By faith Abraham when he was called to go out into a place which he should after receive for an inheritance, obeyed; and he went out, not knowing whither he went.”)

Consider the Greek (TR) for Hebrews 11:8:

(D3-2a) Note: (1.) The Greek word: (καλούμενος- when he was called) has for a definition: to be called, to "call" (properly, aloud, but used in a variety of applications, directly or otherwise):—bid, call (forth). This Greek word is a verb. (2.) The Greek word: (Πίστει-"By faith") is one word, and not two. It is a 'Dative Noun' (inflection: Noun, Dative-case, Singular, Feminine).

Remember, the verb: ("when he was called") performs the action to-the Dative Noun: i.e. ("By faith") or (to(By)-faith(faith)).

OR,

when he was called to-faith ABRAHAM obeyed.

The word (obeyed) is in the Active voice, meaning, the subject (Abraham) is the doer or performer of the Action.

(D3-2b) Note: Contrary to what you might of thought, the word (By) as in (By faith) is not the Greek preposition:

G1223 διὰ + Genitive: 'through', 'by means of', 'by'.

But rather, the word: (By) is conjoined to the word: (faith). The word: (By) compliments the Dative-case, while the word: (faith) compliments the Noun. Hence the inflection of the Greek word:

(Πίστει-"By faith"):

inflection: Noun, Dative, Singular, Feminine. OR, the 'Dative Noun'

(D3-3) Hebrews 11:11

“Through faith also Sara herself received strength to conceive seed, and was delivered of a child when she was past age, because she judged him faithful who had promised.”

(D3-3a) Note: Even in the case of Sara, her faith was not void, she acted upon her faith. Sara was not impregnated miraculously the moment she believed; she needed Abraham's help (seed). But what does scripture say: (she judged him faithful who had promised). True, faith is the root, but it is also shown. Or else, how did she conceive, if it was not by acting upon God's promise. Was not her faith complimented by her works?

(E) Faith & Obedience

(E1) Note: Now, to be fair, one who is saved, can remain saved, as was the case for the Apostles and of many other Christians who have been 'faithful' towards God, and 'obedient' to 'the faith', even unto death. Salvation is -conditional. Do not confuse:

'obeying God's commandments' with: 'earning your salvation'.

Neither should we separate the: 'death, burial, & resurrection' from the whole of the scriptures which are filled with -commandments, -precepts, & -instructions.

(E2) Note: Brothers, you are saved through the faith, and you can say: "I am saved and have eternal life", because you heard and believed the Gospel; and because you are following-(Present, Active) the Lord; and because you are obeying-(Present, Active) his word, and are abiding-(Present, Active) in him, Or, as the Lord said it himself:

(E2-1) John 14:15

“If ye love me, keep my commandments.”

OR,

“If-Conditional ye love-Present, Active, Subjunctive me, keep-Imperative, Active my commandments.”

OR,

(“["IF-EVER"] ["YE-MAY-BE-LOVING"] me, ["KEEP-YE"//"keep-ye!"] my commandments.”)

(E2-2) Note: Definition of the Active voice: a. Represents the subject-(ye) as the doer or performer of the action-(love // keep).

(E3) Note: I ask, Are we now saying that to keep his commandments,

and to love the brethren is to be earning our salvation?

I pray not, for it is expected of us to 'obey' the faith. And if we say:

"on the contrary, we keep his commandments

and love the brethren because we are saved".

Well, (1) The Corinthians were saved too, and some were sinning and not obeying. (2) to obey the faith of Jesus Christ, does not mean we are -meriting, -earning our salvation, but, it is a requisite. Neither should we call it a 'works-based salvation'. There is no difference between being saved by Grace through [the] faith, and to continue in [the] faith. For both are one and the same faith.

(F) Greek text for Ephesians 2:8

(F1) Note: Don't you find it a bit peculiar that the 'Alexandrian text-type' Greek texts do not have the 'Definite Article' (τῆς-["THE"]) prior to the word: (faith) for Ephesians 2:8?

(F1-1) Ephesians 2:8 -KJV

(“For by grace are ye saved, through τῆς-["THE"] faith, and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God:”)

Compare:

New Testament Greek Text

for Ephesians 2:8

(F1-1a) from the Byzantine text-type:

Greek Text:

Stephanus Textus Receptus 1550

τῇ γὰρ χάριτί ἐστε σεσῳσμένοι διὰ-(through) τῆς-(the) πίστεως-(faith)· καὶ τοῦτο οὐκ ἐξ ὑμῶν θεοῦ τὸ δῶρον·

Beza Textus Receptus 1598

Τῇ γὰρ χάριτί ἐστε σεσωσμένοι διὰ-(through) τῆς-(the) πίστεως-(faith)· καὶ τοῦτο οὐκ ἐξ ὑμῶν· Θεοῦ τὸ δῶρον·

Scrivener's Textus Receptus 1894

τῇ γὰρ χάριτί ἐστε σεσωσμένοι διὰ-(through) τῆς-(the) πίστεως-(faith), καὶ τοῦτο οὐκ ἐξ ὑμῶν· Θεοῦ τὸ δῶρον·

(F1-1b) from the Alexandrian text-type:

Greek Text:

Nestle Greek New Testament 1904

τῇ γὰρ χάριτί ἐστε σεσῳσμένοι διὰ-(through) [missing] πίστεως-(faith)· καὶ τοῦτο οὐκ ἐξ ὑμῶν, Θεοῦ τὸ δῶρον·

Westcott and Hort 1881

τῇ γὰρ χάριτί ἐστε σεσωσμένοι διὰ-(through) [missing] πίστεως-(faith)· καὶ τοῦτο οὐκ ἐξ ὑμῶν, θεοῦ τὸ δῶρον·

Tischendorf 8th Edition 1872

τῇ γὰρ χάριτί ἐστε σεσῳσμένοι διὰ-(through) [missing] πίστεως-(faith)· καὶ τοῦτο οὐκ ἐξ ὑμῶν, θεοῦ τὸ δῶρον·

Westcott and Hort / {NA28 variants}

τῇ γὰρ χάριτί ἐστε σεσωσμένοι διὰ-(through) [missing] πίστεως-(faith)· καὶ τοῦτο οὐκ ἐξ ὑμῶν, θεοῦ τὸ δῶρον·

(F2) Note: To learn more about why some -textual variants, -manuscripts have or don't have certain Greek words, research 'Textual Criticism'. This topic is of much debate, as some advocate for the Byzantine text-type while others for the Alexandrian text-type.

(G) More on the Perfect Tense

(G1) Note: Be cautious when you hear phrases like: “you can't be un(-born, -saved, -regenerated, -fathered)”. We must appeal to God's word for understanding, and not to our -reasonings, -traditions, or -personal feelings. Also, pay close attention when you hear the Perfect tense be mingled with the words: "always" or "forever".

While it is true that the 'present/existing (-results,-state)' of a 'completed action' in the past can (-continue, -remain) unchanged; it is not an absolute rule.

Lets suppose a man said about a door: "it has been closed"-(Perfect tense, Passive voice). This does not mean the door will "always" or "forever" continue or remain closed, though technically it could, but not according to the definition of the Perfect tense. From the perspective of the man, At the point and time he said: "it has been closed", it is true to say, "an action was completed, and the results of that action are still relevant at the time said". While it is true that the door has-been closed, the door might get opened (-moments later, -years later, or -never again). Remember, the Perfect tense by itself does not guarantee for how long something will continue or last.

For this example, if the door were to be opened, then the 'current/present state' of the door has changed; a 'new action' has taken place. Neither should we say: "the door cannot be -unclosed", or, "you cannot -undo what has-been done". For it is well understood that the 'action has-already-been completed', but it does not mean that a new action cannot (-change, -modify) the 'present/existing (-results,-state)' of the already 'completed action'. Lets be clear, a 'completed action' cannot be undone, but the 'results' can be changed by (-another, -new action) if applicable.

(G2) Note: Consider the case of Lazarus. In John 11:11 it reads: (“These things said he, and after that, he saith unto them, Our friend Lazarus sleepeth-(Perfect, Passive, Indicative), but I go, that I may awake him out of sleep.”).

We know that Jesus was speaking about Lazarus' death, see verse 13 (“Howbeit Jesus spake of his death: but they thought that he had spoken of taking of rest in sleep.”).

Note that Lazarus 'HAS-been-reposED'-Perfect, Passive, Indicative, OR, an action has-been completed, and the results of that action bare true (or, are still relevant) at the time Jesus said it. OR, it is true to say: Lazarus had died ('completed action') and was still dead ('present results') at the time Jesus said: (“Lazarus sleepeth”). Now, had it not been for the good Lord, Lazarus would had 'continued to remain asleep' (i.e. “but I go, that I may awake him out of sleep”). Death is one of those 'completed actions' that have 'lasting results', not: 'everlasting results' or 'permanent results'. For even the 'present state' of being dead (asleep) can be -changed. Neither should we say: "Lazarus can't undie". It is granted that we cannot (-turn back, -rewind, -reverse, -undo) the already completed action. For the 'action of:' falling asleep (i.e. 'to die') has already transpired, OR, the 'completed action' cannot be undone. However, the 'existing results'/'present state' of that 'completed action' can be changed (e.g. the dead can be awakened). OR, a 'new action' might or can change the (-existing, -on going, -present) results/state of the completed action.

Some understand the phrase "with present results" to be applicable at the time of the speaker (i.e. from the speaker's perspective: (“Our friend Lazarus sleepeth”), which is true. However, Lazarus remained asleep for several more days, even after Jesus had said: (“Our friend Lazarus sleepeth”).

Again, the fulfillment of the Perfect, Passive, Indicative was when Jesus said: (“Our friend Lazarus sleepeth”). The Perfect tense by itself does not guarantee for how long Lazarus would continue asleep. Had it not been for the narrative, we would had assumed that Lazarus had died (completed action) and remained dead (-present, -on-going) results, this assumption is a common interpretation of the Perfect tense, that is, "completed action in the past with present /on-going results". However, the (-length, -duration, -continuation) of the 'results' from the 'completed action' are not guaranteed by the Perfect tense alone. In the case of Lazarus, he was resurrected days later, even though our Lord Jesus had already declared him dead.

(G2-1) Note: It is important to distinguish the 'action' from the 'results' of the action. While it is true that a 'completed action' cannot be (-reversed, -undone), the 'present/on-going results' can either be changed or remain unchanged. Likewise, when you hear someone say: "you cannot become -unsaved", the question is not as to whether you are saved, but rather, the argument consist on: "can the 'existing results/present state' be -changed?

As I have said before, I do believe a Christian who is saved (through the faith), can and should continue to remain saved.

(I will address this further down in Ephesians 2:8 (G11))

(G3) Concerning the Perfect tense

(G3-1) Note: Let's recap, A) Can the 'present/existing (-results,-state)' of a 'completed action' in the past (-continue, -remain) unchanged? yes. B) Is it an absolute rule? no. C) Can the 'present/existing (-results,-state)' from a 'completed action' be (-changed, -modified) by (-another, -a new) action: yes.

D) When there is a (-condition), then that condition must be (-met, -kept).

(G3-2) Note: A common error about the Perfect tense is in that we tend to place the emphasis upon the 'present/existing (-results, -state)' of a 'completed action', and overlook other details such as the verb being used, or the entire inflection of the verb (i.e. 'Perfect Indicative' or 'Perfect Participle'), or any conditions that must be (-met, -kept), or how does the Perfect tense correlate with the surrounding context (the aspect), or if there has been a -change in the narrative (timeline).

It is not uncommon for the Perfect tense to place the emphasis upon the 'completed action', rather than on the continuation of the 'existing/present results', this does not mean the results do not exist. Again, the Perfect tense itself does not guarantee for how long something will continue or last.

(G4) Consider John 3:18:

(G4-1) John 3:18

18 “He that believeth on him, is not condemned: but he that believeth not, is condemned already, because he hath not believed in the Name of the only begotten Son of God.”

OR,

(“He that believeth-(Present, Active, Participle) on him, is not condemned-(Present, Passive, Indicative): but he that believeth-(Present, Active, Participle) not, is condemned-(Perfect, Passive, Indicative) already-ἤδη (ede)-even now:—already, (even) now (already), at, or by this time), because he hath not believed-(Perfect, Active, Indicative) in the Name of the only begotten Son of God.”)

OR,

(“He that believeth-["one-BELIEVING"] on him, is condemned-["IS-beING-JUDGED"] not: but he that believeth-["BELIEVING"] not, is condemned-["HAS-been-JUDGED"] already, because he hath believed-["he-HAS-BELIEVED"] not in the Name of the only begotten Son of God.”)

(G4-1a) Note: Now, why is he condemned-(Perfect, Passive, Indicative)? because he hath not believed-(Perfect, Active). He is not condemned "always" or "forever". Neither should we say:

“because he is condemned-(Perfect, Passive),

he cannot be un-condemned”.

(G4-1b) Note: The -condition is: 'to believe'. While it is true that 'in the present moment', he 'remains' condemned. Should he become a believer, then he passes from death unto life; he gets saved. But should he refuse to believe, and dies in unbelief, then truly, he died condemned.

For this example, the (Perfect, Passive, Indicative- i.e. “is condemned”) has results that are continuous/on-going. That is, the unbeliever has-been-JUDGED, and unless he believes, he will continue to be condemned, why? because he hath not believed-(Perfect, Active, Indicative); there is a -condition to be met.

The narrative/context is key. Through the narrative we know the 'results' of-the 'completed action'-(i.e. “is condemned”) are continuous/on-going, but also (-conditional, -dependent) upon the subject's choices.

(G4-1c) Note: Notice the difference between the:

(Perfect, Passive) & (Perfect, Active).

The Passive voice indicates the subject is the recipient of the action.

The Active voice indicates the subject as the doer or performer of the action.

I say this, to rebuke Calvinism. OR,

"Each individual is accountable for choosing not to believe." Not God.

OR,

“...because he hath not believed-(Perfect, Active voice).

But what does the scripture say?

Romans 10:17

17 “So then, faith-πίστις (pistis)-faith, steadfastness, (persuasion, i.e. credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of God) cometh by hearing-ἀκοῆς (akoes)-hearing, the thing heard, (specifically, the preaching of the gospel)), and hearing by the word of God.”

(G5) Summary of the Perfect tense.

(G5-1) Note: Below are the three (3) examples I used

to explain the Perfect tense. You will notice that all three (3) verses

share the same Inflection: (Verb, Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular). However, each use of the Perfect tense is unique.

(Example #1)

(G5-1a) John 19:30

30 “When Jesus therefore had received the vinegar, he said, It is finished-["it-HAS-been-FINISHED//"it-has-been-accomplished"], and he bowed his head, and gave up the ghost.”

OR,

(Inflection: Verb, Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular)

(G5-1a1) Note: The 'completed action' is to be understood from the speaker's point of view (Jesus:—“It is finished”).

(G5-1a2) Note: The emphasis is placed upon the 'completed action' (i.e. “It is finished”-it-HAS-been-FINISHED), rather than on the continuation/progression of the 'results', this does not mean that the 'results' do not exist. At the point and time the speaker (Jesus) said: (“It is finished”) it is true to say: "completed action with present results". But I know that even today, we still say: “the work of the Lord HAS-already-been-FINISHED”, True. But not because the Perfect tense demands it, but because the finished work of the Lord has indeed been finished; the 'results' have not changed, nor will it change. For you to say: “the work of the Lord HAS-already-been-FINISHED”, would only be stressing a known fact:—(Indicative mood). Definition of the Indicative mood: Is a simple statement of fact. If an action really occurs or has occurred or will occur, it will be rendered in the Indicative mood.

Lazarus & The 'Perfect Indicative'

(Example #2)

(G5-2) John 11:11 & John 11:43

11 “These things said he, and after that, he saith unto them, Our friend Lazarus sleepeth-["HAS-been-reposED"], but I go, that I may awake him out of sleep.” . . . 43 “And when he thus had spoken, he cried with a loud voice, Lazarus, come forth.”

OR,

(Inflection: Verb, Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular)

(G5-2a) Note: For this example, the 'completed action' of the word: (sleepeth) had 'results' that later changed (i.e. Lazarus was -'awakened', -'brought back to life', -'vivified'); there was a change in the timeline.

OR, the 'present state' of Lazarus' death was changed.

(G5-2b) Note: When the the speaker (Jesus) said: (“Our friend Lazarus sleepeth”), it is true to say: "an action was completed and bares present results".

However, in the case of Lazarus (John 11:11 & John 11:43), the 'results' resulting from the 'completed action' did change after a few days; Lazarus was resurrected.

OR, A 'new action' changed the 'existing results/present state' of the already previously 'completed action'-(“Lazarus sleepeth”). OR, after Lazarus was resurrected, it would be improper to say: “Lazarus HAS-been-reposED”-i.e. (“Lazarus sleepeth”). Why? because he no longer was.

(G5-2c) Note: Again, the Perfect tense itself does not guarantee for how long something will continue or last. In John 11:43, the context/narrative (timeline) gave an update to the (-new, -current, -present) (-state, -status) of Lazarus. Note also, that Lazarus was the recipient of the 'imperative action' (“come forth”), meaning, no -condition/s were needed to be met or kept by Lazarus in order to be resurrected; but rather, was commanded.

Sometimes the grammar of the narrative will also convey the same message using a different inflection, for example in John 11:14 it reads: “Then said Jesus unto them plainly, Lazarus is dead:”

OR,
“Then said Jesus unto them plainly, Lazarus is dead-(2 Aorist, Active, Indicative)-["FROM-DIED"//"died"]:”

(G5-3) Lazarus & The 'Perfect Participle'

The Perfect Participle: a. It is used to describe a state that exists at the time coincident with that of the leading verb as a result of action completed prior to the time of the main verb.

(G5-3a) In John 11:44 it reads:

44 “And he that was dead, came forth, bound hand and foot with grave-clothes: and his face was bound about with a napkin. Jesus saith unto them, Loose him, and let him go.”

OR,

(“And he that was dead-(Perfect, Active, Participle), came forth-(main/leading verb),...”)

OR,

(“And he that was dead-["one-HAVING-DIED"], came forth,...”).

Inflection: Verb, Perfect, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

(G5-3b) Note: The Perfect, Participle makes reference to an action that had already occurred prior to the the time of the leading verb: (came forth-Second-Aorist).

OR,

[amplified]: “And he that [“was once/formerly dead”], came forth,...”

(G5-3c) Note: You have probably been accustomed to hearing the Perfect tense as: "completed action in the past with present results". However, there is a distinction between:

the (Perfect, Indicative) & the (Perfect, Participle). The proper interpretation of these two inflections may change from one verse to another. When interpreting: 1.) we should take into account other verbs of the surrounding context, as some might be in the Subjunctive mood, Future tense, Present tense, etc. 2.) The 'aspect' is also important (as it expresses the relationship between the ACTION of a verb and the PASSAGE OF TIME). 3.) To say that the Perfect tense should always be understood as: "completed action in the past with present//on-going results", is to neglect or ignore the surrounding grammar of the text.

Now, concerning John 11:44, the Greek Interlinear explains it more clearly, as it places the words: (ἐξῆλθεν-came forth) before: (τεθνηκὼς-was dead). OR,

“And came forth, he that was dead,...”

OR,

καὶ-["AND"] ἐξῆλθεν-["OUT-CAME"] ὁ-["THE"] τεθνηκὼς-["one-HAVING-DIED"]

Not:

“ and he that [had died-'completed action' and still dead-present/on-going results'], came forth”.

That's because in John 11:44 the Perfect, Participle of the Greek word: (τεθνηκὼς-was dead) is only emphasizing the 'completed action':

i.e. (“And he that was [once/formerly] dead, came forth,...”).

(G5-3d) Note: The Perfect Participle isn't telling you about the 'present state' or continuation/progression of-the 'results' of-the 'completed action'. In John 11:44, the Perfect Participle is only making reference to an action that was completed in antecedent time.

(i.e. “And he that was dead, came forth,...”).

(G5-4) Let's use John 12:1 for further understanding:

1 “Then Jesus, six days before the Passover, came to Bethany, where Lazarus was, which had been dead-(Perfect, Active, Participle)-["one-HAVING-DIED"], whom he raised from the dead.”

(Inflection: Verb, Perfect, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine)

(G5-4a) Note: The inflection for the Greek word: (τεθνηκώς-had been dead) is the same as in John 11:44-(“And he that τεθνηκὼς-was dead”). Most certainly, we are not going to say concerning the Perfect tense of the word: (τεθνηκώς-had been dead):—"completed action in the past with present results"; for Lazarus is not dead anymore. If the 'completed action' was: having died, then the 'present results' is: being dead. And yet John 12:1 speaks of Lazarus as being alive. OR,

The Perfect Participle makes reference to an action that had already transpired in the past (i.e. Lazarus, which had been dead), and not as to whether there be any 'present results'. Neither should we say that the 'present results' are:

"that Lazarus would forevermore be someone who had experienced death."

Why not? because the 'present result' has to reflect the Verb in use: i.e. (τεθνηκὼς-had been dead), in this case, from the root: ('to die'), or better; "HAVING-DIED"-inflected. If we apply the more common definition of the Perfect tense to the Greek word: (τεθνηκὼς-had been dead)

i.e. "completed action in the past with present results".

then the 'completed action' would be that Lazarus 'had died', and the 'present/on-going results' would be that he 'is still dead'. But as you know, John 12:1 says: (“whom he raised from the dead”). Therefore, the Perfect Participle isn't telling you about the 'present state' or 'on-going results' of Lazarus' death, but its only making reference to the 'completed action' that had already transpired (i.e. Lazarus, which had been dead).

(G5-5) Likewise, we can examine Acts 25:19

19 “But had certain questions against him of their own superstition, and of one Jesus, which was dead-(Perfect, Active, Participle)-["HAVING-DIED"], whom Paul affirmed to be alive.”

(Inflection: Verb, Perfect, Active, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine)

(G5-5a) Note: The Perfect Participle indicates afore time. If we define the Perfect tense of the Greek word: (τεθνηκότος-“was dead”) as: "completed action in the past with present results", then we conflict the verse, for Paul is affirming that Jesus is alive, not dead. What could possibly be the 'present/on-going results' of: “was dead”-(Perfect, Active, Participle)-["HAVING-DIED"]? certainly not:

"that he would forevermore be someone who had experienced death."

That's because the (Perfect, Participle) only places the focus upon the already completed action (i.e. Jesus, which was dead).

(G5-5b) Note: An alternative word for the word:

(was dead) is: (had been dead).

Please note that there are many other verses that also use the Perfect Participle; of which some may seem to imply:

"completed action in the past with present/on going results".

(G5-6) Take Luke 7:12 as an example.

12 “Now when he came nigh to the gate of the city, behold, there was a dead man-(Perfect, Active, Participle)-["one-HAVING-DIED"] carried out-(main/leading verb), the only son of his mother, and she was a widow: and much people of the city was with her.”

(Inflection: Verb, Perfect, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine)

(G5-6a) Note: At first, you might think to say: 'completed action in the past' (i.e. the man had already died), with 'present results' (i.e. the man is still dead). However, that is not so, the Perfect, Participle is only stressing the fact that a man had died: 'completed action'-(i.e. a dead man). However, through the context/narrative we know the man was still dead (i.e. "was carried out"-Imperfect, Indicative). But even then, there is a change to the narrative, the dead man is later resurrected by Jesus. (“And he that was dead, sat up, and began to speak: And he delivered him to his mother.”). OR, the Perfect Participle points to a past action ('completed action'-one-HAVING-DIED-a dead man), while, the narrative expounds by saying the dead man remained dead up until a 'new action' occurred (i.e. he was raised) by Jesus.

(Example #3)

(G5-8) John 3:18

18 “He that believeth on him is not condemned: but he that believeth not *is condemned-["HAS-been-JUDGED"] already, because he hath not believed-(Verb, Perfect, Active, Indicative) in the name of the only begotten Son of God.”

OR,

*(Inflection: Verb, Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular)

(G5-8a) Note: For this example, the 'completed action' has 'results' that are subject to change based on the individuals' choice to meet the -condition (i.e. to believe). Should he fail to meet the (-condition), his 'present state' will continue to remain unchanged (i.e. condemned).

(G5-8b) Note: The Active voice of the Greek word: (πεπίστευκεν-“he hath not believed”) indicates the subject as the doer or performer of-the action

(i.e. from the Verb:—'to believe').

(G5-8c) Note: It should be noted that there is an emphasis placed upon the 'present/existing (-results, -state)' of-the 'completed action' i.e.

(is condemned already). However, we should not exclude the thought of future change. Even hardened sinners still have the option of changing if they will to, read Romans 10:17

Romans 10:17

(G5-9) Consider another example, Romans 7:2

2 “For the woman which hath an husband, is bound by the law to her husband, so long as he liveth: but if the husband be dead, she is loosed from the law of her husband.”

OR,

“For the woman which hath an husband, *is bound-["HAS-been-BOUND"] by the law to her husband, so long as he liveth: but if-ἐὰν (ean)-if, (a conditional particle; in case that) the husband be dead, *she is loosed-["she-HAS-been-exempt"] from the law of her husband.”

**(Inflection: Verb, Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular) -(x2)

(G5-9a) Note: Both words: (is bound) & (she is loosed) have the same Inflection.

(G5-9b) Note: For this example, a married woman (is bound-["HAS-been-BOUND"]-Perfect, Passive, Indicative) to her husband, so long as he liveth. However, she is not bound "always" or "forever" or "permanently". Nor can it be said that her 'present state' of being bound to her husband cannot be changed, for this verse goes on to say: “but if the husband be dead, she is loosed”-Perfect, Passive, Indicative. In this example, the -CONDition for the married woman to be loosed from her husband is: “if the husband be dead”. And even if she-HAS-been-loosed from her husband, it does not mean she will always remain loosed, for she can very well marry again, or not.

(G5-10) Here is another example, 1 John 2:5

4 “He that saith, I know him, and keepeth not his commandments, is a liar, and the truth is not in him. 5 But whoso keepeth his word, in him verily is the love of God perfected: hereby know we that we are in him. 6 He that saith he abideth in him, ought himself also so to walk, even as he walked.”

OR,

4 “He that saith, I know him, and keepeth not his commandments, is a liar, and the truth is not in him. 5 But whoso keepeth-["MAY-BE-KEEPING"]-Present, Active, Subjunctive) his word, in him verily *is the love of God perfected-["HAS-been-maturED"]-Perfect, Passive, Indicative): hereby know we that we are in him. 6 He that saith he abideth in him, ought himself also so to walk, even as he walked.”

*(Inflection: Verb, Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular)

(G5-10a) Note: The word: (keepeth) is in the Subjunctive mood. Definition of the Subjunctive mood: a. Is the mood of possibility and potentiality. The action described may or may not occur, depending upon circumstances. Note also that there is a Particle: (ἂν) prior to the the Greek word: (τηρῇ-keepeth). Definition of the Particle: a. Expressing a choice between two mutually exclusive possibilities. b. "it denotes that the action of the verb is dependent on some circumstance or condition".

OR,

“ὃς-["WHO"] δ-["YET"] ἂν-["EVER"] τηρῇ-keepeth-["MAY-BE-KEEPING"] his word, in him verily is the love of God perfected-["HAS-been-maturED"]...”

(G5-10b) Note: Facts: 1.) The love of God is perfected-(Perfect tense) in them that may be keeping-(Present, Active, Subjunctive) his word. We know the Active voice denotes the subject as the performer of the action of-the Verb: ('to keep'). Definition of the Present tense: a. Represents a simple statement of fact or reality viewed as occurring in actual time. b. which indicates that the action is in the now. c. The present represents a present state, or an action going on at the present time. The Subjunctive mood expresses probability or possibility; he may or may not BE-KEEPING his word, which in turn determines whether the love of God HAS-been-maturED in him.

2.) Note that the word: (keepeth) is not a one time event/action that occurred in the past, but rather, it is: a 'present state' of: keeping his word.

3.) It would be a mistake to insinuate that the definition of the Perfect tense for the word: (τετελείωται-“is perfected”) means:

"an action has been completed, and the results of that action

will continue/remain unchanged".

No, not for this clause. The word: (“is perfected”), is dependent upon the words: (ἂν τηρῇ-“keepeth”).

(G6) The above three (3) Examples: (#1, #2, #3)

have one thing in common primarily, that is, an action has-been completed-(Perfect, Passive, Indicative), Or, 'completed action'.

However, the (-'existing results',// 'present state') of-the 'completed action':

did not change -(John 19:30) #1
did change -(John 11:11) #2
can change -(John 3:18) #3

(G7) In closing, I hope you were able to learn something new about the Perfect tense. Please note that I only drew your attention to one of the various Inflections that use the Perfect tense. That is:

Inflection: Verb, Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular.

(G12) Furthermore, a cross reference to: John 3:18-(G4) is: John 3:36.

However, the emphasis is placed on the Present tense:

(G12-1) John 3:36

(“He that believeth on the Son, hath everlasting life: and he that believeth not-ἀπειθῶν (apeithon)-to be unpersuaded, (to disbelieve (wilfully and perversely):—not believe, disobedient, obey not, unbelieving) the Son, shall not-οὐκ (ouk)-no, not (the absolute negative) see life-ζωὴν: but the wrath-ὀργὴ (orge)-anger, wrath) of God abideth-μένει (menei)-to remain, continue, (to stay (in a given place, state, relation or expectancy) on-ἐπ (ep)-on, upon) him.”)

OR,

(“He that believeth-(Present, Active) on the Son, hath-(Present, Active, indicative) everlasting life: and he that believeth not-(Present, Active) the Son, shall not see-(Future, Middle-Deponent) life: but the wrath of God abideth-(Present, Active, indicative) on him.”)

OR,

(“He that ["one-BELIEVING"] on the Son, ["IS-HAVING"] everlasting life: and he that ["one-being-stubborn"//"UN-PERSUADING] the Son, [shall-be-seeing"] not life: but the wrath of God ["IS-REMAINING"] on him.”)

(G12-1a) Note: The following Greek words: (ἀπειθῶν-"believeth not" / μένει-"abideth") are in the Present tense, Active voice. Definition of Present: a. Represents a simple statement of fact or reality viewed as occurring in actual time. b. which indicates that the action is in the now. c. The present represents a present state, or an action going on at the present time. Definition of Active voice: a. Represents the subject as the doer or performer of the action.

(G12-1b) Note: Please note who the 'subject' of John 3:18-(G4) & John 3:36 is, that is, "one who does not believe"-(“he that believeth not”),

OR, someone who -refuses, -rejects God's word. Not: someone who has never heard the Gospel, though, they too will be judged according to their works (or, according as they have done in the body).

(G12-1c) Note: The word: (works) is another way of saying: -actions, -deeds, -doings, -labours; which are a -manifestation, -expression of the -will, -choice, -thought, -desire, -inclination, -intentions, -motives of the heart. OR, out of the heart proceed: -thoughts, -desires, -ideas, -choices, -inclinations that may, can, or do lead to: -actions, -deeds, -doings, -works. OR, every man is accountable for their own actions-(works) whether they be fruitful or unfruitful, good or bad; their conscience baring witness, and their thoughts either accusing or excusing them.

(G12-2) Below are two (2) Cross-References:

(G12-2a) Ecclesiastes 12:14

13 “Let us hear the conclusion of the whole matter: Fear God, and keep his commandments, for this is the whole duty of man. 14 For God shall bring every work-מַֽעֲשֶׂה (ma-‘ă-śeh)-deed, doing, act, work) into judgment-בְמִשְׁפָּט (ḇə-miš-pāṭ)-judgment, (properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree), with every secret thing-נֶעְלָם (ne‘-lām;)-to be hidden, (concealed)), whether it be good, or whether it be evil.”

(G12-2b) 2 Corinthians 5:10

10 “For we must-δεῖ (dei)-it behoveth, it is necessary) all-πάντας (pantas)-all, everyone (plural)) appear-φανερωθῆναι (phanerothenai)-to make manifest, (to expose to view, make manifest, show one) before-ἔμπροσθεν (emprosthen)-in front of, (before, in the presence of, equivalent to: opposite to, over against one)) the judgment seat-βήματος (bematos)-foot print, tribunal, ( a step, i.e. foot-breath; by implication, a rostrum, i.e. a tribunal:—judgment-seat, set (foot) on, throne) of Christ, that every one may receive-κομίσηται (komisetai)-to bring, (that which he has done)) the things done in-διὰ (dia)-through) his body-σώματος (somatos)-the body (as a sound whole), i.e. the living body), according-πρὸς (pros)-toward, (agreeably to, according to) to that he hath done-ἔπραξεν (epraxen)-to practice, do, perform), whether it be good or bad.”

(H) Lets Re-cap, compare:

Ephesians 2:8 & 2 Corinthians 1:24, & Romans 11:20

(H1) Ephesians 2:8

“For by grace are ye saved, through faith, ...”

“For by grace are ye *saved-["saved"], // through-διὰ (dia)-through, by means of) // τῆς-["THE"] // faith-["BELIEF"//"faith"], ...”

*(Inflection: Verb, Perfect, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

(H2) 2 Corinthians 1:24

“... for by faith ye stand.”

“... for // by-["to-THE"-Dative-case] // faith-["BELIEF"//"faith"-Dative-case] //

*ye stand-["YE-HAVE-STOOD"//"ye-stand"].”

*(Inflection: Verb, Perfect, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural

(H3) Romans 11:20

“Well; because of unbelief they were broken off, and thou standest by faith.

“Well; because of unbelief they were broken off, and thou *standest-["HAVE-STOOD"//"stand"] // by-["to-THE"-Dative-case] // faith-["BELIEF"//"faith"-Dative-case].

*(Inflection: Verb, Perfect, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person, Singular)

(H4) Note: “Every one who believes in the Words of God, gets saved,

and by(to-THE) faith' he stands.”

(H5) Note: Whether you believe that (faith) & (the faith) have different meanings, know that these two compliment each other. For 'the faith of the Gospel' requires 'faith' from the individual. And the individual has faith in the Gospel, and the Gospel is of the Lord Jesus; 'the Christ'.

(J) Behold!, The just shall live by faith.

(J1) Romans 1:17

17 “For therein is the righteousness of God revealed from faith to faith: as it is written, The just shall live by faith.”

OR,

“... The-Definite article just-Adjective, Singular shall live-Future, Middle-Deponent, Indicative by-Preposition faith-Noun, Genitive.

OR,

["THE"] ["JUST-one"] ["OUT"] ["of-BELIEF"//"of-faith"] ["SHALL-BE-LIVING"]

The just by faith shall live

(J1-1) Note: The word: (by) is the Greek Preposition:

(G1537 ἐκ + Genitive):—out of.

contrary to what you might of thought to have been

(G1223 διὰ + Genitive):—thru, through, by means of.

(J2) Again!

(J2-1) Hebrews 10:38-39

38 “Now the just shall live by faith: but if any man draw back-ὑποστείληται (huposteiletai)-to send back, (shrink back)), my soul shall have no pleasure in him. 39 But we are not of them who draw back-ὑποστολῆς (hupostoles)-a sending (self) back) unto-εἰς (eis)-into) perdition-ἀπώλειαν (apoleian)-loss, destruction, ruin): but of them that believe-πίστεως (pisteo)-to be of faith), to-εἰς (eis)-into, (denoting entrance into, or direction and limit: into, to, toward)) the saving-περιποίησιν (peripoiesin)-a making all around, saving) of the soul.”

OR,

(J2-2) Note: Consider the 'Youngs Literal Translation' for Hebrews 10:38 :

“and 'the righteous by faith shall live,' and 'if *he may draw back-ὑποστείληται, My soul hath no pleasure in him,”

*(Inflection: Verb, Aorist, Middle, Subjunctive, 3rd Person, Singular)

(J2-3) Note: The Greek word: (ὑποστείληται-draw back) is in the Middle voice: Definition of the Middle voice: a. Denotes that the subject is both an agent of an action and somehow concerned with the action. b. which indicates that the subject performs the action, and that commonly upon himself or for his benefit. The Middle voice is one of several ways to correct Calvinism, as it affirms free-will choice by the subject (even for a Christian).

(J2-3a) Note: (1.) The words: ("any man") are not supplied by the Greek text. (2.) The Greek word: (ὑποστείληται-draw back OR, ["he-should-be-shrinking"]) points back to the Greek word: (δίκαιός-just OR, ["JUST-one"]). (3.) The ESV bible gets it right:

38 “but my righteous one shall live by faith, and if he shrinks back, my soul has no pleasure in him.”

(J2-4) Note: Other verses that also use the same Greek word:

(G684 ἀπώλειαν-perdition) as in Hebrews 10:39:

(J2-4a) Matthew 7:13

“Enter ye in at the strait gate, for wide is the gate, and broad is the way that leadeth to G684 destruction-ἀπώλειαν (apoleian)-loss, destruction, ruin), and many there be which go in thereat:”

(J2-4b) Romans 9:22

“What if God, willing to shew his wrath, and to make his power known, endured with much longsuffering the vessels of wrath fitted to G684 destruction-ἀπώλειαν (apoleian)-loss, destruction, ruin):”

(J2-4c) 1 Timothy 6:9

“But they that will be rich, fall into temptation and a snare, and into many foolish and hurtful lusts, which drown men in destruction and G684 perdition-ἀπώλειαν (apoleian)-loss, destruction, ruin).”

(J2-4d) 2 Peter 3:16

“As also in all his Epistles, speaking in them of these things, in which are some things hard to be understood, which they that are unlearned and unstable wrest, as they do also the other Scriptures, unto their own G684 destruction-ἀπώλειαν (apoleian)-loss, destruction, ruin).”

(K) Other notable verses that also use the Strong's Number:

G4982 ('to save') with different Inflections.

(K1) Acts 2:47

(46 “And they continuing daily with one accord in the Temple, and breaking bread from house to house, did eat their meat with gladness and singleness of heart, 47 Praising God, and having favour with all the people. And the Lord added to the Church daily G4982 such as should be saved-σῳζομένους.”)

OR,

(“... And the Lord added to the Church daily ["ones-beING-SAVED"].”)

(Inflection: Verb, Present, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine)

(K1-1) Note: I admit, the King James Bible seems to read different.

Consider the 'Young's Literal Translation' for Acts 2:47:

(“... and the Lord was adding those being saved every day to the assembly.”)

(K1-2) Note: I know Calvinist read into the words: (such as should be saved) to mean:

"such as were ordained from eternity past to be saved".

But the syntax of the text does not allow for such interpretation.

(K2) 1 Timothy 4:16

(16 “Take heed-ἔπεχε (epeche)-to hold upon, (to pay attention to:—give (take) heed unto) unto thyself, and-καὶ (kai)-and, even, also) unto the doctrine-διδασκαλίᾳ (didaskalia)-teaching, instruction, (the function or the information)): continue-ἐπίμενε (epimene)-to remain on, (tropically, persevere):—abide (in), continue (in)) in them: for in doing-ποιῶν (poion)-'to do') this, G4982 thou shalt both save-σώσεις (soseis)-to make or keep sound or safe) thyself, and them that hear-ἀκούοντάς (akouontas)-to give ear, hearken) thee.”)

OR,

(“... for in doing this, ["YOU-SHALL-BE-SAVING"] both thyself, and them that hear thee.”)

(Inflection: Verb, Future, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person, Singular)

(K2-1) Note: The following Greek words: (ἔπεχε-"Take heed" / ἐπίμενε-"continue") are in the Imperative mood, Present tense. Active voice. Definition of the Imperative mood: a. Corresponds to the English imperative, and expresses a command to the hearer to perform a certain action by the order and authority of the one commanding. Thus, Jesus' phrase, "Repent ye, and believe the gospel" (Mk.1:15) is not at all an "invitation," but an absolute command requiring full obedience on the part of all hearers.

OR,

(“["be-you-attending!"] unto thyself, and unto the doctrine: ["BE-YOU-ON-REMAINIG//"be-you-persisting!"] in them:”)

(K2-2) Note: the Greek word: (ποιῶν-"in doing") is in the Present tense, Active voice. Definition of the Present: a. Represents a simple statement of fact or reality viewed as occurring in actual time. b. which indicates that the action is in the now. c. The present represents a present state, or an action going on at the present time. Definition of the Active: a. Represents the subject as the doer or performer of the action. e.g., in the sentence, "Jesus returned to Capernaum" Jesus performs the action.

OR,

(“... for ["DOING"//"in-doing"] this, thou shalt both save thyself, and them that hear thee.”)

(K2-3) Note: note that Paul did not say: "for in doing this, thou shalt save them that hear thee.", but, he included Timothy as well. I hope we can agree that the word: (G4982-save) has for a definition: 'to keep sound or safe', and not: 'eternal security' (or "once saved always saved"). Timothy did not have an automatic and unconditional ticket to heaven, he needed to remain faithful in his teaching-("unto the doctrine") and personal life-("Take heed unto thyself").

(K3) Notes on 1 Timothy 4:16:

(K3-1) Like all believers, Timothy was G4982-saved.

(K3-2) The word G4982-save does not mean: 'eternal security' or 'eternally saved', but, to make or keep sound or safe.

(K3-3) 1 Corinthians 7:16 is the only other verse that uses the Greek word:

(G4982-σώσεις-thou shalt save) as found in 1 Timothy 4:16:

(K3-3a) 1 Corinthians 7:16

“For what knowest thou, O wife, whether G4982-thou shalt save-σώσεις (soseis)-to make or keep sound or safe) thy husband? or how knowest thou, O man, whether G4982-thou shalt save-σώσεις (soseis)-to make or keep sound or safe) thy wife?”

OR,

“For what knowest thou, O wife, whether thou shalt save-["YOU-SHALL-BE-SAVING"] thy husband? or how knowest thou, O man, whether thou shalt save-["YOU-SHALL-BE-SAVING"] thy wife?”

(Inflection: Verb, Future, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person, Singular)

(K3-3a1) Note: In 1 Corinthians 7:16, the word (save) denotes:

"rescue or preserve from eternal death; from judgment; bring salvation, bring to salvation".

(K4) The strong Number: G4982-('to save') is used 110 times,

below are four (4) examples with different Inflections:

(K4-1) Ephesians 2:8

8 “For by grace are ye G4982 saved-σεσῳσμένοι (sosomenoi)-to make or keep sound or safe), through τῆς-["THE"] faith, and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God:” OR,

["saved"]

(Inflection: Verb, Perfect, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine)

(K4-2) Matthew 8:25

25 “And his Disciples came to him, and awoke him, saying, Lord, G4982 save-σῶσον (soson)-to make or keep sound or safe, (i.e. rescue)) us: we perish.” OR,

["SAVE"//"save-you!"]

(Inflection: Verb, Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person, Singular)

(K4-3) 1 Corinthians 1:18

18 “For the preaching of the Cross is to them that perish, foolishness: but unto us G4982 which are saved-σῳζομένοις (sozomenois)-to make or keep sound or safe), it is the power of God.”

OR,

“...but unto us ["ones-beING-SAVED"], it is the power of God.”

(Inflection: Verb, Present, Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine)

(K4-3a) Note: There is one (1) other verse that also uses the same Greek word:

(G4982-σῳζομένοις) as found in 1 Corinthians 1:18. Compare:

(K4-3b) 2 Corinthians 2:15

“For we are unto God, a sweet savour of Christ, in them that G4982-are saved-σῳζομένοις-["ones-beING-SAVED"], and in them that perish.”

(Inflection: Verb, Present, Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine)

(K4-4) Matthew 10:22

22 “And ye shall be hated of all men for my name's sake: but he that endureth-ὑπομείνας (hupomeinas)-to remain under, (i.e. abide) to the end G4982 shall be saved-σωθήσεται (sothesetai)-to make or keep sound or safe).”

OR,

“...but he that endureth to the end ["SHALL-BE-BEING-SAVED"].”

(Inflection: Verb, Future, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular)

(K4-4a) Note: There is a total of thirteen (13) verse that use the same Greek word: (G4982-σωθήσεται) as found in Matthew 10:22. Below is one (1) example:

(K4-4b) Mark 16:16

“He that believeth and is baptized, G4982 shall be saved-σωθήσεται-["SHALL-BE-BEING-SAVED"], but he that believeth not, shall be damned.”

(Inflection: Verb, Future, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular)

(K5) Now, in case you were wondering,

there is a total of (8) verses that use the Perfect, Indicative for the Strong's Number: (G4982 'to save'). Seven (7) times with the following Inflection:

(Verb, Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular)

And one (1) time with the following Inflection:

(Verb, Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular)

However, none have for a definition or interpretation: 'eternal security' or, "once saved, always saved". All eight (8) verses make reference to healing, and restoring.

Compare below:

(K5-1) Matthew 9:22

20 (“And, behold, a woman which was diseased with an issue of blood twelve years, came behind him, and touched the hem of his garment. 21 For she said within herself, If I may but touch his garment, I shall be whole. 22 But Jesus turned him about, and when he saw her, he said, Daughter, be of good comfort, thy faith G4982-hath made thee whole-σέσωκέν (sesoken)-to make well, heal, restore to health). And the woman was made whole from that hour.”)